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Dear Luke, Thank you for your reply, though it is off the mark (as Gunnar's). I was simply asking if formal methods are included in undergraduate curricula. Does your reply mean that in your institution no formal methods are taught? And what particular instance of Rittel's or Schön's research are you referring to? On 2015-05-25 13:19, Luke Feast wrote: > Dear Carlos, > > Bunge (2003) defines a method as "A well-specified repeatable > procedure for doing something: an ordered sequence of goal-directed > operations" (p. 180). In my experience of teaching into undergraduate > design programmes, formal design methods, in the sense of Bunge's > definition, are not taught to a great extent. > > I think there are perhaps three clues that may shed light on why > formal design methods are not included in undergraduate design > curricula. Briefly, the first is that some research has indicated that > formal methods do not necessarily produce innovation any more readily > or efficiently than other approaches (e.g. Rittel, Schön), second > undergraduate design curricula have limited resources and other > aspects of design education are probably be more important (i.e > critical thinking, creativity, ethnography, CoDesign, user experience, > interaction design, usability, social responsibility etc.), and third > since formal methods are not used to a great extent in the profession > of design then there is little demand for undergraduate design > programmes to educate students with knowledge of formal design > methods. > > Like Gunnar, I'd be curious to know whether you (or anyone) can give > an example where the use of formal design methods has produced a > building, vehicle, visual communication etc. that is discernibly > better than one done in a conventional way. > > > Best > Luke > > Luke Feast, PhD > Postdoctoral Researcher in Design > > Aalto yliopisto / Aalto University > Taiteiden ja suunnittelun korkeakoulu / School of Arts, Design and > Architecture > Muotoilun laitos / Department of design > Helsinki, Finland > > > Bunge, M. (2003). Philosophical dictionary. Amherst, New York.: > Prometheus Books. -- Best regards, ================================== Carlos Pires [log in to unmask] [log in to unmask] ------------------------------------------------------------- Design & New Media MFA // Communication Design PhD Student @ FBA-UL Check the project blog: http://thegolemproject.com ----------------------------------------------------------------- PhD-Design mailing list <[log in to unmask]> Discussion of PhD studies and related research in Design Subscribe or Unsubscribe at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/phd-design -----------------------------------------------------------------