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Many thanks for helping ! I will try as soon as possible and give back my obtained results. Best regards, Matthieu Le 27/01/2015 17:11, Michael Chappell a écrit : > I think that the problem in this case is related to the mask used fro > processing and oxford_asl was unable to create a sensible brain mask. > It would help if you provided the control image (that is used for > calibration and registration here) after brain extraction. My attempt > using the default BET parameters achieved a sensible brain extraction > for the control image and using this oxford_asl with PVC produced > results. > > Michael > > > On 27 Jan 2015, at 11:54, Matthieu Vanhoutte > <[log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: > >> Hello Michael, >> >> Thank you for helping. >> >> I hope you will find quickly the solution and I am waiting >> impatiently for the newer version ! >> >> Best regards, >> >> ------------------------------------- >> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >> Research Engineer - Department of Neuroradiology >> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >> Le 27/01/2015 11:16, Michael Chappell a écrit : >>> It looks like the main (non partial volume corrected version) of the >>> CBF quantification has worked and something has gone wrong at the >>> final PVC step. I have seen a similar problem before and I suspect >>> it will have something to do with the mask or partial volume >>> estimates created internally. I will try to have a look soon and get >>> back to you - it may be that this has been fixed by some >>> improvements to oxford_asl that have not been released yet (in which >>> case I might be able to give you a newer version temporarily). >>> >>> Michael >>> >>> On 23 Jan 2015, at 16:07, Matthieu Vanhoutte >>> <[log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> >>> wrote: >>> >>>> Hello experts, >>>> >>>> I remembered to use "bash" before "oxford_asl" command to prevent >>>> from some bugs. >>>> >>>> So it went far away but still got lot of errors : >>>> >>>> OXFORD_ASL - running >>>> Creating output directory >>>> Saving results in natve (ASL aquisition) space to pvc2/native_space >>>> Saving results in structural space to pvc2/struct_space >>>> Pre-processing >>>> Creating mask >>>> Performing registration >>>> ASL_REG >>>> Input file is: control >>>> Running FLIRT >>>> Tidying up >>>> ASL_REG - Done. >>>> Segmenting the structural image >>>> Calculating M0a - calling ASL_CALIB >>>> ASL_CALIB >>>> Tissue reference is: csf >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_7D0Jbn_asl_calib/seg_bias >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> Aborted (core dumped) >>>> Cannot open volume /tmp/fsl_7D0Jbn_asl_calib/biasfield for reading! >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_7D0Jbn_asl_calib/sens >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> Aborted (core dumped) >>>> M0:785.90172355273613219438 >>>> ASL_calib - DONE. >>>> Number of inversion times: 1 >>>> Number of timepoints in data: 30 >>>> Number of repeats in data: 30 >>>> 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 >>>> 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 >>>> 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 3.175 >>>> Setting up BASIL >>>> Calling BASIL on data >>>> Creating output directory: /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil >>>> Model for analysis is: aslpvc >>>> Using bolus length: 1.650 >>>> STEP 1: VB (2 param: CBF and ^t) >>>> ------------------ >>>> Welcome to FABBER v2.0 >>>> Logfile started: /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step1/logfile >>>> Start time: Fri Jan 23 16:52:01 2015 >>>> FABBER release v2.0 >>>> Forward Model version: >>>> $Id: fwdmodel_asl_pvc.cc,v 1.6 2013/09/03 15:08:04 >>>> chappell Exp $ >>>> Loading mask data from '/tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/mask' >>>> Loading data from 'diffdata' >>>> here >>>> . . . . . . . . . . Saving! >>>> FABBER is all done. >>>> Duration: 90 seconds. >>>> Logfile was: /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step1/logfile >>>> STEP 2: VB (4 param: CBF and ^t, fwm, ^twm) - init with STEP 1 >>>> FABBER: MVNtool >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> FABBER: MVNtool >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Spatial prior specification: MNMNII >>>> STEP 2: Spatial VB (4 param: CBF and ^t, fwm, ^twm) - init with >>>> STEP 1 >>>> FABBER: MVNtool >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> FABBER: MVNtool >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> FABBER: MVNtool >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> ------------------ >>>> Welcome to FABBER v2.0 >>>> FABBER: MVNtool >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> Reading MVNs from /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/temp >>>> ------------------ >>>> Welcome to FABBER v2.0 >>>> Logfile started: /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step2/logfile >>>> Start time: Fri Jan 23 16:53:39 2015 >>>> FABBER release v2.0 >>>> Forward Model version: >>>> $Id: fwdmodel_asl_pvc.cc,v 1.6 2013/09/03 15:08:04 >>>> chappell Exp $ >>>> Expanded, --param-spatial-priors=MNMNII >>>> Loading mask data from '/tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/mask' >>>> Loading data from 'diffdata' >>>> fabber: inference_spatialvb.cc:1982: void >>>> SpatialVariationalBayes::CalcNeighbours(const >>>> NEWIMAGE::volume<float>&): Assertion `checkNofN == 1' failed. >>>> Aborted (core dumped) >>>> End. >>>> Cannot open volume >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step2/mean_ftiss for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step2/mean_delttiss for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step2/mean_fwm >>>> for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl/basil/step2/mean_deltwm for reading! >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl///ftiss >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> /home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: line 173: 8854 >>>> Aborted (core dumped) flirt -in >>>> $tempdir/$subdir/$param -applyxfm -init $tempdir/asl2struct.mat >>>> -ref $struc -out $outdir/struct_space/$subdir/$parname >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl///delttiss >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> /home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: line 173: 8903 >>>> Aborted (core dumped) flirt -in >>>> $tempdir/$subdir/$param -applyxfm -init $tempdir/asl2struct.mat >>>> -ref $struc -out $outdir/struct_space/$subdir/$parname >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl///ftisswm >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> /home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: line 173: 8952 >>>> Aborted (core dumped) flirt -in >>>> $tempdir/$subdir/$param -applyxfm -init $tempdir/asl2struct.mat >>>> -ref $struc -out $outdir/struct_space/$subdir/$parname >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_eIyKnR_ox_asl///deltwm >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> /home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: line 173: 9001 >>>> Aborted (core dumped) flirt -in >>>> $tempdir/$subdir/$param -applyxfm -init $tempdir/asl2struct.mat >>>> -ref $struc -out $outdir/struct_space/$subdir/$parname >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///perfusion for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///perfusion_wm for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///arrival for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///deltwm for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///perfusion for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/struct_space///perfusion for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///perfusion_calib for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///perfusion_wm for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/struct_space///perfusion_wm for reading! >>>> Cannot open volume pvc2/native_space///perfusion_wm_calib for >>>> reading! >>>> Output is pvc2/ >>>> OXFORD_ASL - done. >>>> >>>> >>>> ==> End of this command, the output directory "native_space" is >>>> incomplete (no perfusion and perfusion_calib) and "struct_space" >>>> *is empty*. >>>> >>>> You can find attached to this link the files I have used with the >>>> oxford_asl command : >>>> http://we.tl/DXkTsFIQwX >>>> >>>> Could you please take a look at these and explain me why this >>>> problem happened ? >>>> >>>> Many thanks in advance ! >>>> >>>> Best regards, >>>> >>>> ------------------------------------- >>>> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >>>> Research Engineer - Department of Neuroradiology >>>> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >>>> >>>> 2015-01-23 16:43 GMT+01:00 Matthieu Vanhoutte >>>> <[log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]>>: >>>> >>>> Hello experts, >>>> >>>> I update this post and still can't generate output datas from >>>> *oxford_asl* (with single delay pCASL data & PVC)**: >>>> >>>> /oxford_asl -i diffdata -o pvc2 --tis 3.175 --bolus 1.650 >>>> --casl -c control -s T1Proc_BrainSegmentation0N4 --tr 4.05 --te >>>> 14 --regfrom control --pvcorr/ >>>> >>>> This is the error message : >>>> >>>> /OXFORD_ASL - running >>>> Creating output directory >>>> Saving results in natve (ASL aquisition) space to pvc2/native_space >>>> Saving results in structural space to pvc2/struct_space >>>> Pre-processing >>>> Creating mask >>>> Performing registration >>>> ASL_REG >>>> Input file is: control >>>> Running FLIRT >>>> Tidying up >>>> ASL_REG - Done. >>>> Segmenting the structural image >>>> Calculating M0a - calling ASL_CALIB >>>> ASL_CALIB >>>> Tissue reference is: csf >>>> *Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_18mRY5_asl_calib/seg_bias >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> Aborted (core dumped) >>>> Cannot open volume /tmp/fsl_18mRY5_asl_calib/biasfield for reading! >>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>> /tmp/fsl_18mRY5_asl_calib/sens >>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>> Aborted (core dumped)* >>>> M0:785.90172355273613219438 >>>> ASL_calib - DONE. >>>> */home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: 1060: >>>> /home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: alltis[0]=3.175: not found* >>>> Number of inversion times: 1 >>>> Number of timepoints in data: 30 >>>> Number of repeats in data: 30 >>>> */home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: 1074: >>>> /home/global//fsl50/bin/oxford_asl: Syntax error: Bad for loop >>>> variable*/ >>>> >>>> >>>> ==> End of this command, the output directories "native_space" >>>> and "struct_space" are *empty*... >>>> >>>> You can find attached to this link the files I have used with >>>> the oxford_asl command : >>>> http://we.tl/DXkTsFIQwX >>>> >>>> Could you please take a look at these and explain me why this >>>> problem happened ? >>>> >>>> Many thanks in advance ! >>>> >>>> Best regards, >>>> >>>> >>>> ------------------------------------- >>>> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >>>> Research Engineer - Department of Neuroradiology >>>> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >>>> >>>> 2014-12-03 20:32 GMT+01:00 Michael Chappell >>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>>: >>>> >>>> That this error is internal to the software and not to do >>>> with your data. However, it would not prevent the software >>>> from giving you perfusion images and will not have >>>> adversely affected these images. >>>> >>>> Michael >>>> >>>> On 2 Dec 2014, at 17:16, Matthieu Vanhoutte >>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: >>>> >>>>> So what should I do ? >>>>> My data aren't good ? Or is this purely a software problem >>>>> I can correct ? (to obtain perfusion_calib and pvcorr CBF >>>>> file) >>>>> >>>>> Best, >>>>> >>>>> Matthieu >>>>> >>>>> ------------------------------------- >>>>> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >>>>> Research Engineer - Department of Neuroradiology >>>>> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >>>>> >>>>> 2014-12-02 18:04 GMT+01:00 Michael Chappell >>>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>>: >>>>> >>>>> This appears to be a tiny bug due to a missing ‘&’ in >>>>> asl_calib. However, my testing suggests that it will >>>>> not have affected anything that comes after that point. >>>>> >>>>> Michael >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On 26 Nov 2014, at 17:26, Matthieu Vanhoutte >>>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: >>>>> >>>>>> Hello Michael, >>>>>> >>>>>> I have tried to run partial volume correction with >>>>>> this command : >>>>>> /bash oxford_asl -i diffdata -o pvc --tis 3.175 >>>>>> --bolus 1.650 --casl -c control -s >>>>>> T1Proc_BrainExtractionBrain --tr 4.05 --te 14 >>>>>> --regfrom control --pvcorr/ >>>>>> >>>>>> But I've got this error message on ASL_CALIB step : >>>>>> >>>>>> /OXFORD_ASL - running >>>>>> Creating output directory >>>>>> Saving results in natve (ASL aquisition) space to >>>>>> pvc/native_space >>>>>> Saving results in structural space to pvc/struct_space >>>>>> Pre-processing >>>>>> Creating mask >>>>>> Performing registration >>>>>> ASL_REG >>>>>> Input file is: control >>>>>> Running FLIRT >>>>>> Tidying up >>>>>> ASL_REG - Done. >>>>>> Segmenting the structural image >>>>>> Calculating M0a - calling ASL_CALIB >>>>>> ASL_CALIB >>>>>> Tissue reference is: csf >>>>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>>>> /tmp/fsl_3GAiyq_asl_calib/seg_bias >>>>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>>>> Aborted (core dumped) >>>>>> Cannot open volume >>>>>> /tmp/fsl_3GAiyq_asl_calib/biasfield for reading! >>>>>> Image Exception : #22 :: ERROR: Could not open image >>>>>> /tmp/fsl_3GAiyq_asl_calib/sens >>>>>> terminate called after throwing an instance of >>>>>> 'RBD_COMMON::BaseException' >>>>>> Aborted (core dumped) >>>>>> M0:785.72033545478675808106 >>>>>> ASL_calib - DONE./ >>>>>> >>>>>> Where could it come from ? >>>>>> >>>>>> Best, >>>>>> >>>>>> ------------------------------------- >>>>>> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >>>>>> Research Engineer - Department of Neuroradiology >>>>>> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >>>>>> >>>>>> 2014-11-26 15:09 GMT+01:00 Matthieu Vanhoutte >>>>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>>: >>>>>> >>>>>> Hello Michael, >>>>>> >>>>>> Thank you very much for your quick and detailed >>>>>> answer. >>>>>> >>>>>> Concerning the partial volume correction, how to >>>>>> estimate PV and apply PV correction : just by >>>>>> typing --pvcorr in the oxford_asl command ? >>>>>> >>>>>> What if I supply my own PV estimates : how should >>>>>> I use this with command line ? >>>>>> >>>>>> Thanks again ! >>>>>> >>>>>> Best, >>>>>> >>>>>> ------------------------------------- >>>>>> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >>>>>> Research Engineer - Department of Neuroradiology >>>>>> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >>>>>> >>>>>> 2014-11-26 14:16 GMT+01:00 Michael Chappell >>>>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>>: >>>>>> >>>>>> CBF is computed using the ‘standard’ model >>>>>> for ASL, this is very nicely described in the >>>>>> Buxton 1998 paper. It is marginally different >>>>>> from the assumptions made in the recent white >>>>>> paper - although if you set the T1 of tissue >>>>>> equal to that of blood (=1.65 s) the you will >>>>>> get a model that is very close to those >>>>>> recommendations. The algorithm used to >>>>>> process the data according to the ASL model >>>>>> is the Chappell 2009 paper. By default >>>>>> oxford_asl uses the CSF in the calibration >>>>>> image (in your case control) to estimate the >>>>>> M0 value needed for absolute quantification, >>>>>> this also differs from the simple procedure >>>>>> in the white paper. >>>>>> >>>>>> Partial volume correction is possible using >>>>>> the --pvcorr command - by default oxford_asl >>>>>> will use FAST to segment the structural image >>>>>> and create the partial volume estimates You >>>>>> can supply your own PV estimates (these need >>>>>> to be at the same resolution as your ASL >>>>>> data) if you want. This will try to create a >>>>>> perfusion image of grey matter perfusion >>>>>> (along with a separate white matter >>>>>> estimate). This uses the method in the >>>>>> Chappell 2011 paper.In principle this method >>>>>> was originally designed for multi-delay data, >>>>>> experience suggests it will operate on single >>>>>> delay data like you are using (but do enter >>>>>> your data without having taken the mean over >>>>>> the individual repeats), but the separation >>>>>> will not be as effective. >>>>>> >>>>>> Michael >>>>>> >>>>>> References: >>>>>> Buxton 1998: Buxton, R. /et al./A general >>>>>> kinetic model for quantitative perfusion >>>>>> imaging with arterial spin labeling. /Magn >>>>>> Reson Med/*40,*383–396 (1998). >>>>>> White Paper: Alsop, D. C. /et al./Recommended >>>>>> implementation of arterial spin-labeled >>>>>> perfusion MRI for clinical applications: A >>>>>> consensus of the ISMRM perfusion study group >>>>>> and the European consortium for ASL in >>>>>> dementia. /Magn Reson Med/(2014). >>>>>> doi:10.1002/mrm.25197 >>>>>> Chappell 2009: Chappell, M. A., Groves, A., >>>>>> Whitcher, B. & Woolrich, M. Variational >>>>>> Bayesian Inference for a Nonlinear Forward >>>>>> Model. /IEEE Transactions on Signal >>>>>> Processing/*57,*223–236 (2009). >>>>>> Chappell 2011: Chappell, M. A. /et >>>>>> al./Partial volume correction of multiple >>>>>> inversion time arterial spin labeling MRI >>>>>> data. /Magn Reson Med/*65,*1173–1183 (2011). >>>>>> >>>>>> On 25 Nov 2014, at 13:41, Matthieu Vanhoutte >>>>>> <[log in to unmask] >>>>>> <mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>>> Dear FSL's experts, >>>>>>> >>>>>>> 1) From my own pCASL data, I would like to >>>>>>> compute the CBF map and according my >>>>>>> parameters sequence I used this command : >>>>>>> /bash oxford_asl -i diffdata -o asl --tis >>>>>>> 3.175 --bolus 1.650 --casl -c control -s >>>>>>> ExtractionBrain --tr 4.05 --te 14/ >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Could you tell me the underlying used >>>>>>> mathematical equations and the publications >>>>>>> whose these equations came from ? >>>>>>> >>>>>>> 2) I saw since FSL 5.0.6 Partial Volume >>>>>>> Correction is possible but I didn't found >>>>>>> how to apply this ? >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Thank you in advance ! >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Best regards, >>>>>>> >>>>>>> ------------------------------------- >>>>>>> Matthieu Vanhoutte, MSc >>>>>>> Research Engineer - Department of >>>>>>> Neuroradiology >>>>>>> Regional University Hospital, Lille, France >>>>>> >>>>>> --- >>>>>> Michael Chappell MEng DPhil >>>>>> W: http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/qubic >>>>>> T: +44 1865 617657 >>>>>> <tel:%2B44%201865%20617657> >>>>>> Associate Professor, Institute of Biomedical >>>>>> Engineering, University of Oxford. >>>>>> http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk >>>>>> <http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>>> Director of Training, EPSRC-MRC CDT in >>>>>> Biomedical Imaging >>>>>> http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk >>>>>> <http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>>> Governing Body Fellow, Wolfson College, Oxford. >>>>>> http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk >>>>>> <http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>>> Research Fellow, FMRIB Centre >>>>>> http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk >>>>>> <http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> --- >>>>> Michael Chappell MEng DPhil >>>>> W: http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/qubic >>>>> T: +44 1865 617657 <tel:%2B44%201865%20617657> >>>>> Associate Professor, Institute of Biomedical >>>>> Engineering, University of Oxford. >>>>> http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk <http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>> Director of Training, EPSRC-MRC CDT in Biomedical Imaging >>>>> http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk <http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>> Governing Body Fellow, Wolfson College, Oxford. >>>>> http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk >>>>> <http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>> Research Fellow, FMRIB Centre >>>>> http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk <http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>> >>> --- >>> Michael Chappell MEng DPhil >>> W: http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/qubic >>> T: +44 1865 617657 >>> Associate Professor, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University >>> of Oxford. >>> http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk <http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/> >>> Director of Training, EPSRC-MRC CDT in Biomedical Imaging >>> http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk <http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk/> >>> Governing Body Fellow, Wolfson College, Oxford. >>> http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk <http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk/> >>> Research Fellow, FMRIB Centre >>> http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk <http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/> >>> >>> >>> >>> >> > > --- > Michael Chappell MEng DPhil > W: http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk/qubic > T: +44 1865 617657 > Associate Professor, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University > of Oxford. > http://www.ibme.ox.ac.uk > Director of Training, EPSRC-MRC CDT in Biomedical Imaging > http://www.onbi.ox.ac.uk > Governing Body Fellow, Wolfson College, Oxford. > http://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk > Research Fellow, FMRIB Centre > http://www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk > > > >