. . MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: OBESITY : PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND FITNESS : TRANSPORTATION: PUBLIC URBAN AND PASSENGER: Associations between Active Commuting, Body Fat, and Body Mass Index: Population Based, Cross Sectional Study in the United Kingdom . . Associations between Active Commuting, Body Fat, and Body Mass Index: Population Based, Cross Sectional Study in the United Kingdom Ellen Flint, research fellow1, Steven Cummins, professor of population health1, Amanda Sacker, professor of lifecourse studies2 BMJ 2014; 349 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g4887 (Published 19 August 2014) Cite this as: BMJ 2014;349:g4887 http://www.bmj.com/content/349/bmj.g4887 . . Abstract . Objective To determine if promotion of active modes of travel is an effective strategy for obesity prevention by assessing whether active commuting (walking or cycling for all or part of the journey to work) is independently associated with objectively assessed biological markers of obesity. . snip . Results Results from multivariate linear regression analyses suggest that, compared with using private transport, commuting by public or active transport modes was significantly and independently predictive of lower BMI for both men and women. In fully adjusted models, men who commuted via public or active modes had BMI scores 1.10 (95% CI 0.53 to 1.67) and 0.97 (0.40 to 1.55) points lower, respectively, than those who used private transport. Women who commuted via public or active modes had BMI scores 0.72 (0.06 to 1.37) and 0.87 (0.36 to 0.87) points lower, respectively, than those using private transport. Results for percentage body fat were similar in terms of magnitude, significance, and direction of effects. . Conclusions Men and women who commuted to work by active and public modes of transport had significantly lower BMI and percentage body fat than their counterparts who used private transport. These associations were not attenuated by adjustment for a range of hypothesised confounding factors. . snip . A key finding from this study is that the effects observed for public transport were very similar in size and significance to those for walking or cycling to work. This finding may have important implications for transport and health policy, as over the past decade the proportion of commuters who walk or cycle to work has remained stubbornly low outside major cities in the UK.28 Greater emphasis on encouraging a shift from private to public transport modes may plausibly have significant population health benefits and may be more acceptable to commuters. Such a strategy could also yield large environmental benefits, and could be an important structural intervention to combat obesity. . The magnitude of effects observed in this study were clinically meaningful. The observed effect size for men of around 1 (0.97 to 1.1) BMI point suggests that, for the average man in the sample (43 years old, 176 cm tall, weight 86 kg, and BMI 27.8), this would equate to a difference in weight of 3 kg (almost half a stone). For the average woman in the sample (43 years old, 163 cm tall, weight 72.8 kg, BMI 27.4), an effect size of around 0.7 (0.66 to 0.72) BMI points would correspond to a difference in weight of approximately 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). These differences are larger than the effect sizes seen in most individually focused interventions based on diet and physical activity to prevent overweight and obesity.29 . . Add Public Transportation to Your Weight Loss Plans Dave Greenbaum Filed to: weight loss health exercise commuting public transit Life Hacker http://lifehacker.com/add-public-transportation- to-your-weight-loss-plans-1650386804 . A shorter URL for the above link: . http://tinyurl.com/ppzzawq . . Finding time to exercise is tough. You can squeeze in some extra calorie burning by skipping the car and taking public transportation instead. It isn't the same as going for a run, but a recent study suggests taking the bus or train could still make a difference. . snip . "Public transport use involves a greater level of incidental physical activity than we commonly assume," says lead author Ellen Flint, a research fellow at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. "Walking from your home to the bus stop, standing in a busy train carriage, sprinting up the station stairs to change platforms; a public transport journey usually involves more exertion than traveling by car." . The complete articles may be read at the URLs provided for each. . . More on public transportation and obesity from Google Scholar http://tinyurl.com/l5qvopm . More on public transportation and obesity from Google Books http://tinyurl.com/kos2ko4 . 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