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How do we know that it is inorganically precipitated, rather than of biological origin? Prof. John D. Clemens Dept of Earth Sciences University of Stellenbosch Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa phone: +27 (0)21 808 3159 fax: +27 (0)21 808 3129 http://www.sun.ac.za/geo/people/clemens_e.htm <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><> Our passions cannot alter the facts, only hide them from us. <><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><> “Always I hope that some traveller will have more news of the way than I and, sooner or later, I find I must make enquiry of the direction of every thoughtful man I meet. And I have always had special hope of those who study the sciences. They ask intimate questions of nature. Theology possesses a vain-gloriousness which places its faith in human theories; but science, at its best, is humble before nature herself: it has no thesis to defend. It is content to kneel upon the earth … and ask the simplest questions, hoping for some true reply.” - David Grayson (Ray Stannard Baker), “Adventures in Contentment”, 1907. On 30 Oct 2014, at 09:48, Gerrit de Kock <[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote: To the listed members. This is far-away from metamorphic rocks. I am working on Mesoproterozoic rocks in Rwanda. The upward fining turbidite sequences graded into carbon rich shale ending in mudstones with an extremely high carbon content. In the crests of anticlines it can occur as graphite. Can anyone provide me some references regarding the deposition and accumulation of Carbon in a Precambrian siliciclastic environment. There are no carbonates in the sequences. In the attached photographs the upward increase and appearance is visible. Please ask some of your sedimentology colleagues as well. With regards Gerrit Gerrit de Kock (Ph.D) (Pr.Sc.Nat) Specialist Geologist: Regional Mapping | • : +27 12 841 1138 | Fax:: +27 86 619 3353 |•: +27 84 876 8104 •: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]> | Website: http://www.geoscience.org.za<http://www.geoscience.org.za/> Council for Geoscience, 280 Pretoria Road, Private Bag X112, Silverton, Pretoria 0001, Gauteng, South Africa <image001.png><image002.png> <image003.png> -- This message is subject to the CGS’s copyright terms and conditions, e-mail legal notice, and implemented Open Document Format (ODF) standard. The full disclaimer details can be found at CGS Disclaimer<http://www.geoscience.org.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=101&Itemid=156>. Please consider the environment before printing this email. <N926-02.JPG><N926-13.JPG><N926-19.JPG> The integrity and confidentiality of this email is governed by these terms / Hierdie terme bepaal die integriteit en vertroulikheid van hierdie epos. http://www.sun.ac.za/emaildisclaimer