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Hi Anderson, Thanks very much Anderson. What an idiot I am! I see. As I put the number "1" in the contrast, so the significant result will be the positive not the neagtive. If I want to get the negtive correlation, I should put the "-1" in the proper site in the contrast. Am I right? All the best. Rujing Zha University of Science and Technology of China [log in to unmask] [log in to unmask] [log in to unmask] 2014-01-14 charujing123 发件人："Anderson M. Winkler" <[log in to unmask]> 发送时间：2014-01-14 20:09 主题：Re: [FSL] glm_output by randomise 收件人："FSL"<[log in to unmask]> 抄送： Hi Rujing, You don't need to open the beta images to see what is the sign. With the contrasts you are showing, any significant result has a positive regression coefficient. If you wanted to test the negative side, you'd use contrasts with -1 instead of 1. If, however, you had to open the images with the betas, yes, it would be the 5th volume. All the best, Anderson On 14/01/2014 06:36, charujing123 wrote: Hi Anderson and other FSL experts, Here is my design matrix, contrast and design.fsf in the attachment. In my case, I completed the correlation. In the design.mat, there are 5 regressors:sex,age,edu,score_week, and score_year(ordered from left to right).Also I have 5 contrasts,and I found the second contrast(i.e. score_year) has a corrected significant result, so I want to know whether the coefficient of correlation is negtive or positive. So I run randomise --glm_output option, and it generates 5 stats images(i.e. *_glm_pe_tstat1,*_glm_pe_tstat2,*_glm_pe_tstat3,*_glm_pe_tstat4,*_glm_pe_tstat5). Now I want to know which volume in *_glm_pe_tstat2 I can get the positive or negtive beta value? Maybe the 5th volume in *_glm_pe_tstat2, as the score_year is the 5th regressor in design.mat? Thanks. All the best. Rujing Zha 2014-01-14 charujing123 发件人："Anderson M. Winkler" <[log in to unmask]> 发送时间：2013-12-14 00:10 主题：Re: [FSL] glm_output by randomise 收件人："FSL"<[log in to unmask]> 抄送： Hi Rujing, Say you have a contrast C = [1 -1 0]', and for a certain voxel, you have beta = [1 4 2]'. The COPE is simply C'*beta = [1 -1 0] * [1 4 2] = 1*1 -1*4 + 0*2 = -3. This is what goes in the numerator of the t statistic. A suggestion of a book to begin studying is http://www.amazon.co.uk/Handbook-Functional-MRI-Data-Analysis/dp/0521517664 All the best, Anderson On 13 December 2013 15:53, Rujing Zha <[log in to unmask]> wrote: Hi Anderson, Thanks for your precious help. I knew the *pe* is what I need to get the beta of regressors. Most of those you told me I can understand except the *cope*. Would you please introduce me a website or manu describing the "contrasts of parameter estimates" detaily? Thanks in advance. All the best. 2013-12-13 Rujing Zha 发件人："Anderson M. Winkler" <[log in to unmask]> 发送时间：2013-12-13 19:18 主题：Re: [FSL] glm_output by randomise 收件人："FSL"<[log in to unmask]> 抄送： Hi Rujing, Please, see below: On 13 December 2013 02:42, Rujing Zha <[log in to unmask]> wrote: Dear all, I just type "randomise -i GM -o test -m GM_mask -d design.mat -t design.con -n 5000 -T -D --glm_output=GLM_test", but it just generate test_glm_cope_tstat*, test_glm_pe_tstat*, test_glm_sigmasqr_tstat*, test_glm_varcope_tstat* for glm_output. I have two questions about this: first: Did GLM_test cannot be used to name the glm output by "--glm_output=GLM_test" or just type "--glm_output" not "--glm_output=GLM_test"? Use just --glm_output. The output filenames will be prefixed by the string you gave with the option -o (in this case "test"), plus "glm", to indicate that these refer to GLM terms. second: What are meaning of *cope*, *pe*, *sigmasqr*, *varcope*? These are all the 4 outputs of the --glm_output, and I suspect that if you aren't sure they mean, you probably don't need them. In any case: - The *pe* are the parameter estimates, also known as betas (this image has as many volumes as regressors in the design); - The *cope* are the contrasts of parameter estimates, one image per contrast. It's the inner product between the contrast vector and the betas; - Because the *pe* are estimates, so are the *cope*. These estimates have an uncertainty surrounding them, and the variance around these estimates is the *varcope*; - The *sigmasqr* is the variance of the residuals. Hope this helps. All the best, Anderson Thanks. All the best. 2013-12-13 Rujing Zha