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New Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice Advance Online articles now available...
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/120324/?Content+Status=Accepted
Sporting Events and the Spatial Patterning of Crime in South Africa: Local Interpretations and International Implications
Gregory Breetzke and Ellen G. Cohn
In this study we investigate the impact of sporting events on crime levels in Tshwane, South Africa. Using crime data from 2001 to 2006, we examine whether crime levels increase throughout Tshwane as a whole as well as within certain buffer distances around the Loftus Versfeld stadium, on game days compared to non-game days. Findings show that there is an increase in overall crime in Tshwane on game days, but when specific types of crime are examined, the association between sporting events and crime levels in Tshwane varies depending on the spatial level under investigation. Explanations for these findings are provided based on routine activities theory linked with knowledge of the socio-demographics of sports fans in South Africa. We conclude by outlining some international implications of our results for law enforcement agencies tasked with policing cities during major sporting events. DOI 10.3138/cjccj.2012.E20
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/m48tv42jw5q2q16m/?p=9fa7482daa0b4dedaa7893f135950836&pi=0
Stigmatized among the Stigmatized: Sex Offenders in Canadian Penitentiaries
Rosemary Ricciardelli and Mackenzie Moir
Convicted sex offenders carry an additional stigma to that of being a criminal, fuelled by their charges. This stigma of an incarcerated sex offender has been studied from the perspective of professionals and paraprofessionals working in corrections, although never before from the position of other prisoners. Via semi-structured interviews with 56 Canadian men on parole, this study investigated how federally incarcerated men stigmatize sex offenders and the shape, scope, and implications of this stigma for the offender. The lived experiences of incarcerated sex offenders were examined empirically, as well the interactions and perceptions of sex offenders by former prisoners who had served time due to non-sex-related convictions. The study was framed by Goffman's (1963) stigma theory, providing insight into the scope, dynamics, and implications of the sex offender stigma as created by other prisoners. In itself, this stigma shapes the overall prison experience of the sex offender; and, interestingly, the threat of being falsely labelled with such a stigma is real for prisoners without such convictions. Findings also suggest that the sex offender stigma can manifest itself as physical/verbal abuse, social exclusion, and victimization and can become embedded in prison policies and structures. Given the current political climate in Canada and the fact that corrections facilities known by prisoners to house sex offenders are being closed and their prisoner populations relocated, this study is particularly relevant and important – specifically in examining the potential risks that await many sex offenders upon transferring to a new institution in which this stigma may strongly prevail. DOI 10.3138/cjccj.2012.E22
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/m2356k8866j205jl/?p=9fa7482daa0b4dedaa7893f135950836&pi=1
Listening In … to Gang Culture
Margaret E. Beare and Chris Hogg
The article introduces a unique method for attempting to understand the environments within which street gangs operate. By analysing police wiretaps the authors explore gang street codes, violence in prison, and drug trafficking. They conclude that gang membership seldom provides the supportive, family-type advantages that entice youth into belonging but rather are characterized more by tension, violence, and betrayal, both from rival gangs and from fellow gang members. While generalizability of the findings is limited, the gang leaders captured in these conversations may not be easily dissuaded from gang membership, and therefore the emphasis must be on preventing the recruitment of new members. As supported by other research, the policy implications that flow from these findings are the need for a better balance between enforcement dollars (gangs ’n’ guns policing) and a greater allocation of funds into ‘real’ job creation programs, accessible mental health support, adequate and affordable housing, well-funded social service agencies, in addition to policing that is committed to working in support of these communities. DOI 10.3138/cjccj.2011-E-29
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/p735t6338033630n/?p=9fa7482daa0b4dedaa7893f135950836&pi=2
University of Toronto Press Journals
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The Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice publishes quarterly coverage of the theoretical and scientific aspects of the study of crime and the practical problems of law enforcement, administration of justice, and the treatment of offenders, particularly in the Canadian context.
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Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice
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posted by T Hawkins, UTP Journals