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Russian Writers on Translation
An Anthology
Edited by Brian James Baer and Natalia Olshanskaya
190 pages, 2013. ISBN 978-1-905763-94-8 (pbk), £25 (including postage and
packing)
 <https://www.stjerome.co.uk/books/b/161/>
https://www.stjerome.co.uk/books/b/161/ 
Since the early eighteenth century, following Peter the Great's policy of
forced westernization, translation in Russia has been a very visible and
much-discussed practice. Generally perceived as an important service to the
state and the nation, translation was also viewed as a high art, leading
many Russian poets and writers to engage in literary translation in a
serious and sustained manner. As a result, translations were generally
regarded as an integral part of an author's oeuvre and of Russian literature
as a whole.

This volume brings together Russian writings on translation from the
mid-18th century until today and presents them in chronological order,
providing valuable insights into the theory and practice of translation in
Russia. Authored by some of Russia's leading writers, such as Aleksandr
Pushkin, Fedor Dostoevskii, Lev Tolstoi, Maksim Gorkii, and Anna Akhmatova,
many of these texts are translated into English for the first time. They are
accompanied by extensive annotation and biographical sketches of the
authors, and reveal Russian translation discourse to be a sophisticated and
often politicized exploration of Russian national identity, as well as the
nature of the modern subject.

Russian Writers on Translation fills a persistent gap in the literature on
alternative translation traditions, highlighting the vibrant and intense
culture of translation on Europe's 'periphery'. Viewed in a broad cultural
context, the selected texts reflect a nuanced understanding of the Russian
response to world literature and highlight the attempts of Russian writers
to promote Russia as an all-inclusive cultural model.

Contents
Acknowledgements 
Introduction 
Translators' Preface 
 
Part I: Russian Writers and Translators on Translation
 
Tsar Peter I (1672-1725) 
Edict 4438, On the Preparation of Translators of Books for Instruction in
the Sciences 
 
Antiokh Kantemir (1708-1744) 
Foreword to the Epistles of Horace 
 
Mikhail Lomonosov (1711-1765) 
Russian Grammar 
Materials for a Russian Grammar 
Foreword on the Usefulness of Church Books 
 
Aleksandr Radishchev (1749-1802) 
A Journey from Petersburg to Moscow (excerpt) 
 
Aleksandr Shishkov (1754-1841) 
On Translating Classical Poets 
A Conversation between Two Friends about Translating Words from One Language
into Another (excerpt) 
 
Nikolai Karamzin (1766-1826) 
Letter to Ivan Dmitriev 
From the Foreword to Shakespeare's Julius Caesar 
Scenes from Sakuntala, an Indian Drama 
 
Andrei Turgenev (1781-1803) 
Letters to Vasilii Zhukovskii 
 
Nikolai Gnedich (1784-1833) 
Homer's Iliad Translated by Nicholas Gnedich. Foreword

Vasilii Zhukovskii (1783-1852) 
Homer's Odyssey. In Place of a Foreword 
Commentary to Nala and Damayanti 
Letters 
 
Sergei Uvarov (1786-1855) 
Letter to Nikolai Ivanovich Gnedich on the Greek Hexameter 
 
Petr Viazemskii (1792-1878) 
Adolphe. A Novel by Benjamin Constant. A Note from the Translator 
Letter to A.I. Gotovtseva 
 
Nikolai Polevoi (1796-1848) 
Review of Lara, The Bride from Abydos. A Turkish Novella by Lord Byron in
Ivan Kozlov's Translation 
Review of Goethe's Works. First Edition 
 
Aleksandr Bestuzhev-Marlinskii (1797-1837) 
Old and New Literature in Russia 
Russian Literature in 1823 
 
Vilgelm Kiukhelbeker (1797-1846) 
On the Greek Anthology 
On the Direction of Our Poetry, Especially Lyrical Poetry, over the Last
Decade 
On Von der Borg's Translation of Russian Poetry 
 
Aleksandr Pushkin (1799-1837) 
On M. Lémontey's Introduction to the Translation of Ivan Krylov's Fables 
Letter to Nikolai Golitsyn 
On Milton and Chateaubriand's Translation of Paradise Lost 
 
Petr Kapnist (1830-1898) 
On Nikitin 
 
Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852) 
What is the Ultimate Essence of Russian Poetry? 
On the Odyssey as Translated by Zhukovskii 
Letters 
 
Vissarion Belinskii (1811-1848) 
A Literary Explanation 
Russian Literature in 1841
Thoughts and Observations on Russian Literature 
Review of The Exile, a Historical Novel Translated from the German 
Review of Hamlet: Prince of Denmark. A Dramatic Production. A Composition of
William Shakespeare. Translated from the English by Nikolai Polevoi 
Review of The Works of Aleksandr Pushkin, Article 1 
Review of The Works of Aleksandr Pushkin, Article 2 
Review of The Works of Aleksandr Pushkin, Article 3 
Review of Shakespeare. Translated from the English by Nikolai Ketcher 
Review of The Poetry of V. Zhukovskii, Volume 73 
Review of Gogol's Work in French 
 
Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883) 
Review of Schiller's William Tell Translated by F. Miller 
Review of Goethe's Faust, A Tragedy Translated by Mikhail Vronchenko 
Letters 
 
Afanasii Fet (1820-1892) 
Poems of Catullus. Translations and Notes by A. Fet 
 
Fedor Dostoevskii (1821-1881) 
On Account of the Exhibition. 
Excerpt from The Diary of a Writer 
 
Nikolai Nekrasov (1821-1878) 
Notes on the Publishing Policy of The Contemporary in 1850 
From the Editors of The Contemporary 
A Review of October Journals from 1855 
 
Aleksandr Ostrovskii (1823-1886) 
From the Translator 
Letters 
 
Aleksandr Druzhinin (1824-1864) 
Letters from a Foreign Subscriber. Letter IV 
Letters from a Foreign Subscriber. Letter VII 
Schiller as Translated by Russian Poets 
 
Nikolai Chernyshevskii (1828-1889) 
Review of Songs of Different Nations, Translated by N. Berg 
News of Literature, Art, Sciences, and Industry 
Schiller as Translated by Russian Poets
Mikhail Mikhailov (1829-1865)
A Letter to the Editor of the Journal Notes of the Fatherland
Lev Tolstoi (1829-1910)
A Preface to Wilhelm Von Polenz's Der Buttnerbaur [The Peasant]
 
Nikolai Dobroliubov (1836-1861)
Works of Roman Writers Translated into Russian 
 
Maksim Gorkii (1868-1936)
World Literature 
The Literary Endeavours of the Peoples of the USSR 
Letters 
 
Valerii Briusov (1873-1924)
Violets in a Crucible 
A Few Reflections on Translating Horace's Odes into Russian Verse 
On the Translation of Virgil's Aeneid
From the Editor: An Introduction to Armenian Poetry Translated by Russian
Poets 
A Letter to S.A.Venegerov 
 
Anatolii Lunacharskii (1875-1933)
Introduction to Issue One of the Herald of Foreign Literature
 
Aleksandr Blok (1880-1921)
Heine in Russia 
 
Kornei Chukovskii (1882-1969)
Translations Old and New. From A High Art
 
Osip Mandelshtam (1891-1938)
Torrents of Hackwork 
 
Aleksandr Fadeev (1901-1956)
For the Cause of World Peace 
On Soviet Patriotism and Soviet National Pride 
Answers to Questions from English Writers (excerpt)
On the Universal Significance of Chinese Culture
 
Mikhail Lozinskii (1886-1955)
The Art of Poetic Translation 
 
Samuil Marshak (1887-1964)
The Art of the Poetic Portrait 
Robert Burns Turns Two Hundred 
The Poetry of Translation 
 
Nikolai Gumilev (1886-1921)
Poetic Translations 
 
Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966)
On Lozinskii 
 
Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)
Letters 
 
Ilya Ehrenburg (1891-1867)
The Poetry of Pablo Neruda
 
Marina Tsvetaeva (1892-1941)
Two Forest Kings 
 
Nikolai Zabolotskii (1903-1958)
Translator's Notes 
Letters 
 
Nikolai Chukovskii (1904-1965)
The Tenth Muse 
 
Varlam Shalamov (1907-1982)
The National Borders of Poetry and Free Verse 
 
Arsenii Tarkovskii (1907-1989)
The Opportunities of Translation
 
Aleksandr Tvardovskii (1910-1971)
On Translations by Samuil Iakovlevich Marshak
 
Mikhail Lozinskii (1886-1955)
The Art of Poetic Translation 
 
Samuil Marshak (1887-1964)
The Art of the Poetic Portrait 
Robert Burns Turns Two Hundred 
The Poetry of Translation 
 
Nikolai Gumilev (1886-1921)
Poetic Translations 
 
Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966)
On Lozinskii 
 
Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)
Letters 
 
Ilya Ehrenburg (1891-1867)
The Poetry of Pablo Neruda 
 
Marina Tsvetaeva (1892-1941)
Two Forest Kings 
 
Nikolai Zabolotskii (1903-1958)
Translator's Notes 
Letters 
 
Nikolai Chukovskii (1904-1965)
The Tenth Muse
 
Varlam Shalamov (1907-1982)
The National Borders of Poetry and Free Verse 
 
Arsenii Tarkovskii (1907-1989)
The Opportunities of Translation 
 
Aleksandr Tvardovskii (1910-1971)
On Translations by Samuil Iakovlevich Marshak
 
Nikolai Liubimov (1912-1992)
Translation Is Art 
 
Efim Etkind (1918-1999)
A Master of Poetic Composition (An Approach to Benedikt Livshits's Heritage)

 
Sergei Osherov (1931-1983)
Several Answers to a Questionnaire from the Bulgarian Union of Translators 
Stylistic Perspective and the Translation of Historical Novels 
 
Mikhail Gasparov (1935-2005)
Briusov and Literalism 
 
Bella Akhmadulina (1937- )
A Poem Offered for Translation 
 
Elena Shvarts (1948-2010)
A Few Thoughts on the Translation of Russian Verse 
 

Part II: Russian Poets on Translation
 
Alexander Sumarokov (1717-1777)
Epistle on the Russian Language 
 
Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883)
Epigram on Nikolai Ketcher 
 
Nikolai Nekrasov (1821-1878)
A Business Conversation 
 
Vladimir Soloviev (1853-1900)
The Birthplace of Russian Poetry 
 
Osip Mandelshtam (1891-1938)
Tatars, Uzbeks and Nentsy 
 
Arsenii Tarkovskii (1907-1989)
The Translator
 
Novella Matveeva (1934- )
The Translator 
 
Iulia Neiman (1907-1994)
A Translator to a Poet 
 
Leonid Martynov (1905-1980)
Poets 
 
Ivan Elagin (1918-1987)
Like a Scarecrow in the Garden 
 
Samuil Marshak (1887-1964)
1616-1949 
 
Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)
For Paolo Iashvili 
 
Sergei Osherov (1931-1883)
Sonnet 
 
Boris Slutskii (1919-1986)
I Translate from Mongolian and Polish 
 
Vera Zviagintseva (1894-1972)
To a Translator Friend 
 
Aleksandr Gitovich (1909-1966)
If I were to Speak of Translations
 
Maria Petrovykh (1908-1979)
The Editor 
 
Natalia Gorbanevskaia (1936- )
To Czeslaw Milosz 
 
Bibliography 
Index
 

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