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Russian Writers on Translation
An Anthology

Edited by Brian James Baer and Natalia Olshanskaya

190 pages, 2013. ISBN 978-1-905763-94-8 (pbk), £25 (including postage and packing)

https://www.stjerome.co.uk/books/b/161/

Since the early eighteenth century, following Peter the Great's policy of forced westernization, translation in Russia has been a very visible and much-discussed practice. Generally perceived as an important service to the state and the nation, translation was also viewed as a high art, leading many Russian poets and writers to engage in literary translation in a serious and sustained manner. As a result, translations were generally regarded as an integral part of an author's oeuvre and of Russian literature as a whole.


This volume brings together Russian writings on translation from the mid-18th century until today and presents them in chronological order, providing valuable insights into the theory and practice of translation in Russia. Authored by some of Russia's leading writers, such as Aleksandr Pushkin, Fedor Dostoevskii, Lev Tolstoi, Maksim Gorkii, and Anna Akhmatova, many of these texts are translated into English for the first time. They are accompanied by extensive annotation and biographical sketches of the authors, and reveal Russian translation discourse to be a sophisticated and often politicized exploration of Russian national identity, as well as the nature of the modern subject.


Russian Writers on Translation fills a persistent gap in the literature on alternative translation traditions, highlighting the vibrant and intense culture of translation on Europe's 'periphery'. Viewed in a broad cultural context, the selected texts reflect a nuanced understanding of the Russian response to world literature and highlight the attempts of Russian writers to promote Russia as an all-inclusive cultural model.

Contents

Acknowledgements
Introduction
Translators' Preface

 
Part I: Russian Writers and Translators on Translation
 
Tsar Peter I (1672-1725)
Edict 4438, On the Preparation of Translators of Books for Instruction in the Sciences
 
Antiokh Kantemir (1708-1744)
Foreword to the Epistles of Horace
 
Mikhail Lomonosov (1711-1765)
Russian Grammar
Materials for a Russian Grammar
Foreword on the Usefulness of Church Books
 
Aleksandr Radishchev (1749-1802)
A Journey from Petersburg to Moscow (excerpt)
 
Aleksandr Shishkov (1754-1841)
On Translating Classical Poets
A Conversation between Two Friends about Translating Words from One Language into Another (excerpt)
 
Nikolai Karamzin (1766-1826)
Letter to Ivan Dmitriev
From the Foreword to Shakespeare's Julius Caesar
Scenes from Sakuntala, an Indian Drama
 
Andrei Turgenev (1781-1803)
Letters to Vasilii Zhukovskii
 
Nikolai Gnedich (1784-1833)
Homer's Iliad Translated by Nicholas Gnedich. Foreword


Vasilii Zhukovskii (1783-1852)
Homer's Odyssey. In Place of a Foreword
Commentary to Nala and Damayanti
Letters
 
Sergei Uvarov (1786-1855)
Letter to Nikolai Ivanovich Gnedich on the Greek Hexameter
 
Petr Viazemskii (1792-1878)
Adolphe. A Novel by Benjamin Constant. A Note from the Translator
Letter to A.I. Gotovtseva
 
Nikolai Polevoi (1796-1848)
Review of Lara, The Bride from Abydos. A Turkish Novella by Lord Byron in Ivan Kozlov's Translation
Review of Goethe's Works. First Edition
 
Aleksandr Bestuzhev-Marlinskii (1797-1837)
Old and New Literature in Russia
Russian Literature in 1823
 
Vilgelm Kiukhelbeker (1797-1846)
On the Greek Anthology
On the Direction of Our Poetry, Especially Lyrical Poetry, over the Last Decade
On Von der Borg's Translation of Russian Poetry
 
Aleksandr Pushkin (1799-1837)
On M. Lémontey's Introduction to the Translation of Ivan Krylov's Fables
Letter to Nikolai Golitsyn
On Milton and Chateaubriand's Translation of Paradise Lost
 
Petr Kapnist (1830-1898)
On Nikitin
 
Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852)
What is the Ultimate Essence of Russian Poetry?
On the Odyssey as Translated by Zhukovskii
Letters
 
Vissarion Belinskii (1811-1848)
A Literary Explanation
Russian Literature in 1841
Thoughts and Observations on Russian Literature
Review of The Exile, a Historical Novel Translated from the German
Review of Hamlet: Prince of Denmark. A Dramatic Production. A Composition of William Shakespeare. Translated from the English by Nikolai Polevoi
Review of The Works of Aleksandr Pushkin, Article 1
Review of The Works of Aleksandr Pushkin, Article 2
Review of The Works of Aleksandr Pushkin, Article 3
Review of Shakespeare. Translated from the English by Nikolai Ketcher
Review of The Poetry of V. Zhukovskii, Volume 73
Review of Gogol's Work in French
 
Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883)
Review of Schiller's William Tell Translated by F. Miller
Review of Goethe's Faust, A Tragedy Translated by Mikhail Vronchenko
Letters
 
Afanasii Fet (1820-1892)
Poems of Catullus. Translations and Notes by A. Fet
 
Fedor Dostoevskii (1821-1881)
On Account of the Exhibition.
Excerpt from The Diary of a Writer
 
Nikolai Nekrasov (1821-1878)
Notes on the Publishing Policy of The Contemporary in 1850
From the Editors of The Contemporary
A Review of October Journals from 1855
 
Aleksandr Ostrovskii (1823-1886)
From the Translator
Letters
 
Aleksandr Druzhinin (1824-1864)
Letters from a Foreign Subscriber. Letter IV
Letters from a Foreign Subscriber. Letter VII
Schiller as Translated by Russian Poets
 
Nikolai Chernyshevskii (1828-1889)
Review of Songs of Different Nations, Translated by N. Berg
News of Literature, Art, Sciences, and Industry
Schiller as Translated by Russian Poets

Mikhail Mikhailov (1829-1865)
A Letter to the Editor of the Journal Notes of the Fatherland
Lev Tolstoi (1829-1910)
A Preface to Wilhelm Von Polenz's Der Buttnerbaur [The Peasant]
 
Nikolai Dobroliubov (1836-1861)
Works of Roman Writers Translated into Russian
 
Maksim Gorkii (1868-1936)
World Literature
The Literary Endeavours of the Peoples of the USSR
Letters
 
Valerii Briusov (1873-1924)
Violets in a Crucible
A Few Reflections on Translating Horace's Odes into Russian Verse
On the Translation of Virgil's Aeneid
From the Editor: An Introduction to Armenian Poetry Translated by Russian Poets
A Letter to S.A.Venegerov
 
Anatolii Lunacharskii (1875-1933)
Introduction to Issue One of the Herald of Foreign Literature
 
Aleksandr Blok (1880-1921)
Heine in Russia
 
Kornei Chukovskii (1882-1969)
Translations Old and New. From A High Art
 
Osip Mandelshtam (1891-1938)
Torrents of Hackwork
 
Aleksandr Fadeev (1901-1956)
For the Cause of World Peace
On Soviet Patriotism and Soviet National Pride
Answers to Questions from English Writers (excerpt)
On the Universal Significance of Chinese Culture
 
Mikhail Lozinskii (1886-1955)
The Art of Poetic Translation
 
Samuil Marshak (1887-1964)
The Art of the Poetic Portrait
Robert Burns Turns Two Hundred
The Poetry of Translation
 
Nikolai Gumilev (1886-1921)
Poetic Translations
 
Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966)
On Lozinskii
 
Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)
Letters
 
Ilya Ehrenburg (1891-1867)
The Poetry of Pablo Neruda
 
Marina Tsvetaeva (1892-1941)
Two Forest Kings
 
Nikolai Zabolotskii (1903-1958)
Translator's Notes
Letters
 
Nikolai Chukovskii (1904-1965)
The Tenth Muse
 
Varlam Shalamov (1907-1982)
The National Borders of Poetry and Free Verse
 
Arsenii Tarkovskii (1907-1989)
The Opportunities of Translation
 
Aleksandr Tvardovskii (1910-1971)
On Translations by Samuil Iakovlevich Marshak
 
Mikhail Lozinskii (1886-1955)
The Art of Poetic Translation
 
Samuil Marshak (1887-1964)
The Art of the Poetic Portrait
Robert Burns Turns Two Hundred
The Poetry of Translation
 
Nikolai Gumilev (1886-1921)
Poetic Translations
 
Anna Akhmatova (1889-1966)
On Lozinskii
 
Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)
Letters
 
Ilya Ehrenburg (1891-1867)
The Poetry of Pablo Neruda
 
Marina Tsvetaeva (1892-1941)
Two Forest Kings
 
Nikolai Zabolotskii (1903-1958)
Translator's Notes
Letters
 
Nikolai Chukovskii (1904-1965)
The Tenth Muse
 
Varlam Shalamov (1907-1982)
The National Borders of Poetry and Free Verse
 
Arsenii Tarkovskii (1907-1989)
The Opportunities of Translation
 
Aleksandr Tvardovskii (1910-1971)
On Translations by Samuil Iakovlevich Marshak
 
Nikolai Liubimov (1912-1992)
Translation Is Art
 
Efim Etkind (1918-1999)
A Master of Poetic Composition (An Approach to Benedikt Livshits's Heritage)
 
Sergei Osherov (1931-1983)
Several Answers to a Questionnaire from the Bulgarian Union of Translators
Stylistic Perspective and the Translation of Historical Novels
 
Mikhail Gasparov (1935-2005)
Briusov and Literalism
 
Bella Akhmadulina (1937- )
A Poem Offered for Translation
 
Elena Shvarts (1948-2010)
A Few Thoughts on the Translation of Russian Verse
 

Part II: Russian Poets on Translation
 
Alexander Sumarokov (1717-1777)
Epistle on the Russian Language
 
Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883)
Epigram on Nikolai Ketcher
 
Nikolai Nekrasov (1821-1878)
A Business Conversation
 
Vladimir Soloviev (1853-1900)
The Birthplace of Russian Poetry
 
Osip Mandelshtam (1891-1938)
Tatars, Uzbeks and Nentsy
 
Arsenii Tarkovskii (1907-1989)
The Translator
 
Novella Matveeva (1934- )
The Translator
 
Iulia Neiman (1907-1994)
A Translator to a Poet
 
Leonid Martynov (1905-1980)
Poets
 
Ivan Elagin (1918-1987)
Like a Scarecrow in the Garden
 
Samuil Marshak (1887-1964)
1616-1949
 
Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)
For Paolo Iashvili
 
Sergei Osherov (1931-1883)
Sonnet
 
Boris Slutskii (1919-1986)
I Translate from Mongolian and Polish
 
Vera Zviagintseva (1894-1972)
To a Translator Friend
 
Aleksandr Gitovich (1909-1966)
If I were to Speak of Translations
 
Maria Petrovykh (1908-1979)
The Editor
 
Natalia Gorbanevskaia (1936- )
To Czeslaw Milosz
 
Bibliography
Index
 

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