Hi Ken, interesting thoughts which seconds some of my own thinking. It gives a different drift on testing design theory. I have to look deeper into the publication from Varian (1997). Looks very intersting. I will get back on this. Jurgen ----------------------------------------------------------------- PhD-Design mailing list <[log in to unmask]> Discussion of PhD studies and related research in Design Subscribe or Unsubscribe at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/phd-design -----------------------------------------------------------------