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Cartographica
The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization
Volume 47, Number 4, Winter 2012
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/ttw804026104/?p=b45d54f181b84090b83651576af6f600&pi=0
Special Issue: Land Use and Land Change
In this special issue of Cartographica on land-use change, researchers from both Europe and the Americas show how different perspectives and methods of analysis can be used to investigate the processes that affect the changing landscape. These studies demonstrate how human activity, local culture, economic and environmental conditions, land-use policies, and development plans all affect changing land use. The authors use both mathematical models and their own knowledge of the communities considered to provide an understanding of how and why the landscape has evolved. Their approach is consistent with placing people at the centre of this evolutionary process, as it emphasizes the importance of individuals in determining landscape development and resolving and reconciling environmental issues. (excerpt from Introduction by Germana Manca)
Editor’s Introduction
Germana Manca
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/10776237t4g05171/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=0
Empirical Evidence on Agricultural Land-Use Change in Sardinia, Italy, from GIS-Based Analysis and a
Tobit Model
Corrado Zoppi and Sabrina Lai
An important part of the Sardinian Regional Operational Programme (ROP) 2000–2006 is represented by the policies funded by the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF), aimed at maintaining agricultural land uses and improving the quality of agricultural land. Such investments, spread over almost all Sardinian cities, attempted to support local development based on the traditional primary sector of production. This article analyses the investment policies implemented by the Sardinian Region through the 2000–2006 EAGGF-based part of the ROP (2000–2006 ROP-EAGGF), in order to assess their effectiveness. This assessment of effectiveness, implemented in the context of other signals concerning local development such as income and urbanization, is very important to address the ongoing policies of the 2007–2013 Rural Development Programme and the question of geographic concentration of investments. The article analyses the results of the 2000–2006 ROP-EAGGF through a geographic information system, by means of a Tobit model, and proposes an analytical and interpretive approach that can be easily exported to other public planning processes in order to implement investment in agriculture.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/h6q38848400h0477/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=1
Classification of Italian Farms in the FADN Database Combining Climate and Structural Information
Giuliano Vitali, Concetta Cardillo, Sergio Albertazzi, Marco Della Chiara, Guido Baldoni, Antonella Trisorio,
Claudio Signorotti, and Maurizio Canavari
Although describing the primary sector of a given country is a common institutional practice, such studies usually offer aggregated information on holding rather than supplying the information required for farm-level simulations. The present study aimed to identify the main typologies of Italian farms from the 2007 database of RICA (the Italian section of the European Union's Farm Accountancy Data Network). Using a hierarchical strategy driven by climates (5) and slopes (3), farms have been grouped by super-structure, described in terms of the presence and extent of primary activities (livestock, farmland use). The resulting picture of Italian farms is based on 35 farm types, the most common of which grow low-input orchards (e.g., olive trees). On the plains in warm climatic areas, low-input orchards and arable crops dominate; in hilly and mountainous areas, mixed farms with forage crops, meadows, ovines, and cattle prevail. In more temperate areas, the most common farm type is based on intensive and field crops (e.g., durum and bread wheat). In temperate hilly and mountain areas, mixed farms combining meadows, woods, and cattle become predominant.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/h8r169675428173q/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=2
Land-Use Change in Portugal, 1990–2006: Main Processes and Underlying Factors
Vasco Diogo and Eric Koomen
This article studies the processes of land-use change in Portugal between 1990 and 2006 and analyses the effects of different driving forces in shaping land-use patterns during that period. While urbanization and the abandonment of agricultural land were the most prevalent processes between 1990 and 2000, concurrent processes of land abandonment and agriculture intensification seem to have predominated in recent years. Nevertheless, annual rates of change for all land-use change processes appear to be increasing overall, following a sharp increase in economic growth. The effect of driving forces in shaping land-use change tends to remain stable over time, but the deployment of new infrastructure and the gradual enforcement of spatial planning policies appear to be important factors in dynamically changing spatial patterns of land-use change.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/230w5720n30w1266/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=3
Waiting to Know the Future: A SLEUTH Model Forecast of Urban Growth with Real Data
Germana Manca and Keith C. Clarke
What is the true value of simulation modelling to urban growth? This article assesses the validity of an integrated approach, based on the SLEUTH Model and land-use planning theory, as used to create an eight-year forecast in 1998. With actual data on the extent of urbanization in 2006 now available, the authors find that the 1998 forecasts were accurate. The case study is located in Macomer, an inland municipality of Sardinia, Italy, an island in the central Mediterranean Sea. Noting that data collection is an essential first step of planning, the authors assess Macomer's land-use history, geography, economy, and demographics as context for more integrated and holistic planning than has been undertaken in the region to date. The 1998 calibration and prediction of the Urban Growth Model, a component of SLEUTH, simulated Macomer's urban growth for the following eight years and has been reviewed and statistically validated. With detailed geographical results, the authors confirm that the 1998 simulation closely reflects real urban growth as of 2006. This finding is particularly notable because urban growth in Sardinia has been slow, and a higher level of accuracy in urban planning is necessary to achieve stronger predictive capability.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/h441x58n1g056633/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=4
Open-Source Technology for Land Use in Hispanoamerica
Rafael Beltran Ramallo
This article reviews open-source software packages employed for land-use management in Hispanoamerica. The advantages and disadvantages of using these packages as opposed to proprietary software are described. The most significant disadvantages include a lack of fully trained specialists, inadequate technical documentation, and limitations on warranty and support from the software providers. Major advantages of open-source software include cost, the wider range of operating systems, and the ease with which this type of software can be modified. The author concludes that before open-source software becomes more widely adopted in cadastral applications and land-use management in Hispanoamerica, more experience and well-tested case studies within the cadastral field will be necessary.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/aln2247212u23238/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=5
Reviews of Books & Atlases
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/12267ux5gu6lmrx3/?p=9f43ba449c9948488e578ed6fdb77c79&pi=6
John Bender and Michael Marrinan, The Culture of Diagram, reviewed by Martin Dodge
James Dougal Fleming, The Invention of Discovery, 1500–1700, reviewed by Patrick J. Murray
Cartographica
Cartographica delivers cutting-edge international research in all aspects of cartography (including the production, design, use, cognitive understanding, and history of maps), geovisualization, and GIScience. Cartographica offers unprecidented diversity and breadth of research and has featured the work of influential authors such as J.B. Harley, Mark Monmonier, Mark Kumler, Denis Wood, Muki Haklay, and David Mark. In addition to publishing peer-reviewed articles, the journal also publishes both special issues and single-topic monographs on a regular basis.
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Posted by T Hawkins, UTP Journals