Pg. 235 provides some archaeological evidence (with citations) for bone used as fuel for fire: *On the Role of Fire in Neandertal Adaptations in Western Europe: Evidence from Pech de l'Azé and Roc de Marsal, France.* *Pages 216-242* Dennis M. Sandgathe, Harold L. Dibble, Paul Goldberg, Shannon P. McPherron, Alain Turq, Laura Niven, and Jamie Hodgkins Found here<http://www.paleoanthro.org/journal/contents_dynamic.asp?volume=2011> Flint On Mon, Nov 5, 2012 at 5:19 PM, Salima Ikram <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > ps I like the tick idea--a true cleansing by fire (or smoke) > > Salima Ikram > Egyptology Unit Head > Professor of Egyptology > American University in Cairo > P. O. Box 74, Road 90, Tagammu 5 > New Cairo 11825, EGYPT > [log in to unmask] > Fax: 20227957565 > > > > > > > > > > On 5 Nov 2012, at 12:07, Angela Perri wrote: > > On a related note... I had always heard the driving of livestock through > the bonfire was done to encourage the killing of ticks, fleas and other > parasites to ensure the health of the animals as they were boarded closely > together in the overwinter. I thought I had some references on this > somewhere. I will dig around. > > Angela > > Angela Perri > PhD Researcher > Dept of Archaeology > Durham University > > Sent from my iPhone > > On 5 Nov 2012, at 08:41 AM, Jacqui Mulville <[log in to unmask]> > wrote: > > A seasonal query.... > > An idle conversation around a bon(e)fire watching fireworks drew my > attention to the Wikapeida entry for bonfire (see below). A brief search of > ZOOARCHIVES found that we have touched on this topic but does anyone have > citations for Wikapedia 'facts'? Is there a zooarchaology of bonefires? > > We have Scottish sub-floor animal cremations that could be autumnal.... > > In the ancient druid religions,[*citation needed<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> > *] bonfires were held between 31 October and 5 November[*citation needed<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> > *] to celebrate Samhain, a harvest festival where they used bonfires " > bone fires"[*citation needed<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> > *] to burn the bones of the slaughtered livestock they had prepared and > stored for the winter months. People and their livestock would often walk > between two bonfires as a cleansing ritual,[*citation needed<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> > *] and the bones of slaughtered livestock were cast into its flames.[*citation > needed <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed>*] Some > modern day Druids and Pagans[*who?<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words> > *] see bonfire night as a significant celebration to end the harvest > festival.[*citation needed<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed> > *] > > Jacqui Mulville (PhD), Reader in Bioarchaeology > Chair of the Undergraduate Board of Studies > Tel: + 44 (0) 29 2087 4247 > > Public Engagement and STEM Ambassador > http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhOIbvYpKhE > Social Media http://www.facebook.com/GuerillaArchaeology/ or > http://www.facebook.com/CORGROUP, guerillaarchaeology.wordpress.com, > Flikcr guerilla_archaeology, twitter @GuerillaArchea > > School of History, Archaeology and Religion, Cardiff University, CF10 3EU > > >