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Hi Martin/All,

 

I personally would not consider assay of bili in CSF for the following reasons:-

 

Every time we have a batch change of bili reagent our IQC shifts in one direction or another. Add also the calibrator variability into the equation and the goal post change with regularity – not really what you want when measuring such low bilirubin concentrations in CSF.

 

Stick to spectrophotometry!

 

Best wishes

 

Ian

 

 


From: Clinical biochemistry discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Myers Martin (LTHTR)
Sent: 16 November 2012 13:04
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Xanthochromia

 

There appears to be two strands to the discussion.  The first is the technical/analytical side and the second is the appropriateness of the patient pathway.

With regards to the technical/analytical, if we are only measuring NOA to see whether it is interfering with the NBA by scanning spectroscopy, and the purpose is to see whether there is an increased CSF bilirubin, then why not just measure bilirubin on the analysers?  

Is there an obvious reason why we are not measuring CSF bilirubin and are clinging on to last century's technology?  It would make sense to actually measure the analyte we are interested in and make logistics easier 24/7.  Then we can address the patient pathway.

What are peoples experiences measuring CSF bilirubin, as suggested by Veronique?

martin


From: Clinical biochemistry discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Veronique Stove
Sent: 16 November 2012 10:36
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Xanthochromia

In our hospital , the neurology dept is requesting CSF bilirubin. We are performing this measurement on our Cobas 8000 chemistry analyser, based on the paper Ungerer et al (Clin chem 2004, see attachment) and we are reporting a semiquantitative result (positive/negative). Important is to work in an ‘increased’ sample mode, to obtain an acceptable sensitivity at the low end of the measuring range.

 

 

 

Klinisch Ondersteunende Sector

 

Veronique Stove

PharmD PhD - Klinisch bioloog 24u lab

Klinische Biologie - Gebouw 2P8
Interne brievenbus: 2P8-klinische biologie
De Pintelaan 185 - 9000 Gent

[log in to unmask]
www.uzgent.be

tel.: +32 (0)9 332 5871

 

Van: Clinical biochemistry discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Namens Frost, Stephen
Verzonden: vrijdag 16 november 2012 10:55
Aan: [log in to unmask]
Onderwerp: FW: Xanthochromia

 


Subject: Fwd: Xanthochromia

Thanks for the interesting and authoritative discussion.

To widen the discussion slightly, a few years ago there were reports evaluating measurement of CSF bilirubin as an automated method  using a main-line analyser. I think these originated in the Antipodes but I no longer have any references  to hand.

 

I wondered has anyone has taken this proposal forward? If feasible, would this offer a middle-ground or perhaps a further minefield?

 

Regards, Steve



(Brighton and Sussex NHS Trust)

-----Original Message-----
From: IAN WATSON <[log in to unmask]>
To: ACB-CLIN-CHEM-GEN <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: Fri, 16 Nov 2012 9:31
Subject: Re: Xanthochromia

Well said!

 

Ian Watson

Sent from my iPad


On 15 Nov 2012, at 19:41, "Barlow Ian (NORTHERN LINCOLNSHIRE AND GOOLE HOSPITALS NHS              FOUNDATION TRUST)" <[log in to unmask]> wrote:

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Hi Chris:-

 

'hence freeing up a bed.' was mentioned by one respondent (that was me). I think the requirement for 24/7 analysis is generally towards discharge home than to transfer to a tertiary referral centre. Transfers take place during the evenings and weekends therefore the test should be done - and the bed freed up and the patient managed in a timely manner. If I had a possible SAH I would be slighlty niffed if my management was being affected because of the local labs inability or unwillingness to provide this important test for me.

 

Obviously timely analysis and result reporting is our aim, but also consider the following (and is with respect to those performing spectrophotometry) :

 

1.       The additional stress placed upon the reduced levels of BMS staff OoH to perform the test. If the test is really needed and the management of the patient is directly dependent on that test, then we should perform it. This is no excuse - we simply must manage this scenario as laboratory professionals. There are lots of ways to address what you say.

 

2.       The spectrophotometer is often (in my experience) NOT located in the core lab but within a specialist lab area requiring going to a different area of the building to perform the test, thus taking a member of staff from the core lab (re: staffing levels, answering phone, singlehandedly trying to fix your core analysers to stop the phone calls for delayed results). Then why not move the equipment to where it can be used efficiently?

 

3.       Who finally reports the result, which can be less than straight forward on many occasions, requiring application of additional data and liaison with clinicians to verify details not always included in the request, e.g., timing of LP in relation to onset. Most are negative - so they are easy. However, for difficult cases our staff scan the spec results - so I can review at home, interpret and then discuss with the medics - 24/7. After all - this is my job.

 

4.       Who double checks that the automatic software has reported correctly and the result further transcribed in the LIMS and reported correctly, and appropriate caveats to the report explained to the requesting team, e.g., samples not received protected from light risk of degradation of bilirubin and thus reporting a FALSE NEGATIVE. Our BMS staff are highly trained - and have demonstrated their competency, so they are very capable of at least basic interpretation. We add automated caveats to all report along those lines and I interpret the complex ones as above.

 

5.       I'm sure our colleagues at the EQA scheme could provide some data as to the number of poor, misleading or simply wrong results reported.

'The cost of missing an SAH can cost the Trust MILLIONS if missed,' but also the cost of mis-reporting a +ve and sending a patient for an invasive procedure which carries a small but definite risk of morbidity and mortality is also quite costly. (This is ALWAYS a risk and has happened I understand

 

The bottom line is - we are a service industry and are there for the benefit of our patients. We are highly skilled people and work in multi million pound laboratories and therefore we should use our expensive equipment and apply our knowledge for the benefit of patients 24/7. We should not use excuses NOT to provide a service but instead manage what we do and be innovative so that we CAN be responsive and effective - but at the same time provide a reliable and safe service.

 

Regards

 

Ian

 

 


From: Clinical biochemistry discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Reeves Christopher (RW3) CMFT Manchester
Sent: 15 November 2012 11:17
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Xanthochromia

 

Do patients get transferred OoHs and if so do they get Angiography OoHs?

 

'hence freeing up a bed.' was mentioned by one respondent. I think the requirement for 24/7 analysis is generally towards discharge home than to transfer to a tertiary referral centre.

 

Obviously timely analysis and result reporting is our aim, but also consider the following (and is with respect to those performing spectrophotometry) :

 

6.       The additional stress placed upon the reduced levels of BMS staff OoH to perform the test

 

7.       The spectrophotometer is often (in my experience) NOT located in the core lab but within a specialist lab area requiring going to a different area of the building to perform the test, thus taking a member of staff from the core lab (re: staffing levels, answering phone, singlehandedly trying to fix your core analysers to stop the phone calls for delayed results)

 

8.       Who finally reports the result, which can be less than straight forward on many occasions, requiring application of additional data and liaison with clinicians to verify details not always included in the request, e.g., timing of LP in relation to onset.

 

9.       Who double checks that the automatic software has reported correctly and the result further transcribed in the LIMS and reported correctly, and appropriate caveats to the report explained to the requesting team, e.g., samples not received protected from light risk of degradation of bilirubin and thus reporting a FALSE NEGATIVE.

 

10.   I'm sure our colleagues at the EQA scheme could provide some data as to the number of poor, misleading or simply wrong results reported.

'The cost of missing an SAH can cost the Trust MILLIONS if missed,' but also the cost of mis-reporting a +ve and sending a patient for an invasive procedure which carries a small but definite risk of morbidity and mortality is also quite costly. (This is ALWAYS a risk and has happened I understand)

 

If the answer to my first question is No, then is this a risk worth taking?

 

Chris

 

   Chris Reeves

   Principal Clinical Biochemist

   Dept of Clinical Biochemistry

   Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

   Manchester Royal Infirmary

   Oxford Road

   Manchester M13 9WL

   Tel: 0161 701 1206

   Internal: 11206   

 

www.cmft.nhs.uk  Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust includes:

Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Royal Manchester Children's

Hospital, Saint Mary's Hospital, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Trafford Hospitals

and Community Services.

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-----Original Message-----
From: Clinical biochemistry discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Holbrook, Ian B
Sent: 15 November 2012 10:03
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: Xanthochromia

 

I agree, missing an treatable SAH can be catastrophic for the patient,

their family and society.

 

The national audit (done quite a few years ago, Ann Clin Biochem 2007 44

443-448) showed that about half the labs were offering a 24/7 service.

These were often hospitals that referred patients to a neurology unit in

another hospital and so, as Ian Barlow says, they can be transferred and

have their further investigations in neurology. Those hospitals who do

not need to transfer their patients probably feel that 24/7 service is

not so necessary.

 

Kind regards

 

Ian

 

Ian Holbrook

Department of Clinical Biochemistry

York Hospital

Wigginton Road

York

YO31 8HE

01904 725786

 

 

 

-----Original Message-----

From: Clinical biochemistry discussion list

[mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Paul Masters

Sent: 14 November 2012 18:16

Subject: Re: Xanthochromia

 

So, a low risk (CT negative) patient appears to have a ~1% chance of

SAH. Multiply this by a potential lawsuit of millions, not to mention

being eviscerated in the Daily Mail for not offering a "simple and cheap

test, which could have prevented this tragedy" (their imagined words). I

don't like those odds.

 

On the other hand, the argument for not offering a 24/7 service would be

what? (And "next morning" might be fine for most of the year, but could

be four days if it's a bank holiday weekend.)

 

Regards

 

Paul

 

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