These emails remain available under October 2012 at: https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A0=int-boundaries&T=0
With Our Compliments:
Further to views expressed by several of our distinguished IBRU colleagues reenclosed below, please kindly see:
UN CAMEROON/NIGERIA:
[cid:image001.jpg@01CDA8C9.AE491390]
<http://africananalyst.net/2012/10/03/nigeria-challenge-2002-bakassi-peninsula-icj-ruling/>
Nigeria Will Not Challenge 2002 Bakassi Peninsula ICJ Anymore <http://africananalyst.net/2012/10/03/nigeria-challenge-2002-bakassi-peninsula-icj-ruling/>
Since Nigeria Was Obliged to Refrain from the 2002 ICJ Ruling Revision in the Peace Palace at: http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43260&Cr=bakassi&Cr1 & http://africananalyst.net/2012/10/03/nigeria-challenge-2002-bakassi-peninsula-icj-ruling/ , at Least 4 Nigerian Farmers Sue Shell in The Hague Court over Niger Delta Pollution, with Shell Rejecting Liability Claim of 11 October 2012 at: http://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/11/world/europe/netherlands-nigeria-shell-oil/index.html & http://www.voanews.com/content/shell-in-court-over-nigeria-pollution-charges/1524851.html & http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-19905694 & http://www.euronews.com/2012/10/11/shell-on-trial-over-pollution-in-niger-delta/ [[See also: Dutch Court Rejects Shell Protest Ban of 5 October 2012 at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19853007 and Royal Dutch Shell's Legal Director Peter Rees QC Joins LCIA of 27 September 2012 at: http://www.globalarbitrationreview.com/news/article/30857/two-new-members-lcia-court/ & http://www.lcia.org/LCIA/Members_bios.aspx and Chief Executive Peter Voser Worries About Europe Video of 12 July 2012 at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18997022 ]]
UNSG Ban Ki-Moon Lauds Cameroon and Nigeria's Commitment to Honour the 2002 ICJ Ruling of 11 October 2012 at: http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43260&Cr=bakassi&Cr1 & http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14578.doc.htm & http://www.un.org/sg/statements/index.asp?nid=6359 via: http://www.un.org/news/
Judge Guillaume Got Lucky: Nigeria Will Not Seek Revision of his 2002 ICJ Judgment of 9 October 2012 -- pressure was exerted on Nigeria by UNSG due to UN having spent huge money for implementation of the 2002 Judgment at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201210090511.html
Will Nigeria Nevertheless Seek Revision of the 2002 ICJ Judgment? - it would be fantastic for former ICJ President Guillaume if Nigeria did it - of 5 October 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201210051319.html & http://www.informationnigeria.org/2012/10/nigeria-to-appeal-icj-ruling-on-bakassi.html & http://africananalyst.net/2012/10/03/nigeria-challenge-2002-bakassi-peninsula-icj-ruling/ and Nigeria Got Cold Feet and Will Not Seek Revision of the 2002 ICJ Judgment of 3 October 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201210030696.html via: http://search.news.yahoo.com/search/news?p=ICJ
World Igbo Congress Supports Application of Nigeria [by 9 October 2012] for Revision of the 2002 ICJ Judgment of 7 September 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201209080490.html and Nigeria Should Seek Revision of the ICJ Judgment of 7 September 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201209080265.html & http://allafrica.com/stories/201209070972.html and Nigeria Bar Association of 5 September 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201209050828.html
UN Guidance for Effective Mediation of 27 September 2012 at: http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=43086&Cr=mediation&Cr1 & http://www.un.org/wcm/content/site/undpa/main/issues/peacemaking/mediation_guidance & http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/ga11278.doc.htm & http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/sgsm14541.doc.htm
UNGA Consensus Resolution on Strengthening the Role of UN Mediation in Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, Conflict Prevention and Resolution of 13 September 2012 at: http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2012/ga11278.doc.htm<http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/ga11278.doc.htm> & UNSG Report A/66/811 of 25 June 2012 at: http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/66/811 via: http://www.un.org/en/unpress/index.asp
Will Nigeria Apply to the ICJ for Revision of Its 2002 Cameroon v. Nigeria; Equatorial Guinea Intervening (Merits) Judgment (on the ground that the 1913 Anglo-German treaty relied on by the ICJ to cede Bakassi to Cameroon is in breach of Article 6 of the General Act of Berlin Conference that enjoined European powers to watch out over the preservation of the native tribes and not to take over or effect transfer of their territory)? of 18 July 2012 at http://allafrica.com/stories/201207190216.html<blocked::http://allafrica.com/stories/201207190216.html> and 23 July 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201207231024.html<blocked::http://allafrica.com/stories/201207231024.html> and 10 July 2012 at: http://allafrica.com/stories/201207110106.html<blocked::http://allafrica.com/stories/201207110106.html> & http://allafrica.com/stories/201207100026.html<blocked::http://allafrica.com/stories/201207100026.html> via: http://news.search.yahoo.com/news/search?p=ICJ+Nigeria
________________________________
Van: International boundaries discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Namens Nicolas Boeglin [log in to unmask]
Verzonden: Wednesday, October 10, 2012 5:38 PM
Aan: [log in to unmask]
Onderwerp: Re: [INT-BOUNDARIES] Breaking News: Nigeria on the verge of Relitigating Bakassi
Dear Martin
Thank you very much for this very interesting note. States that have tried to "relitigate" territorial settled by ICJ usually have to find very convincent arguments and international judges are extremely reluctant to re-open such discussions. El Salvador (trying to reopen the discussion in 2002 concerning the 1992 ICJ decision - Honduras-El Salvador) is one example. Recently, Cambodia (asking reinterpretation in 2011 of 1962 ICJ decision on Preah VihearTemple decision) tried an interesting exercise still pending before ICJ.
When an ICJ decision is taken with a few dissenting opinions, the temptation to relitigate is higher for States.
In another field (international arbitration and foreign investment) we have a similar situation related to the last ICSID decision condemning Ecuador to pay more than US$ 1 700 millions to a US oil company.
The dissenting opinion of one of the arbitrators (Brigitte Stern) is provoking serious reactions.
http://andes.info.ec/english/7431.html
Sincerely yours
Nicolas B.
2012/10/9 Martin Pratt <[log in to unmask]<blocked::mailto:[log in to unmask]>>
________________________________
-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
Van: International boundaries discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Namens Martin Pratt
[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Verzonden: Tuesday, October 09, 2012 7:11 PM
Aan: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Onderwerp: Re: [INT-BOUNDARIES] Breaking News: Nigeria on the verge of Relitigating Bakassi
Dear Colleagues,
Further to Gbenga's message last Friday, it appears that cool heads have prevailed and Nigeria has decided not to request a revision of the ICJ's 2002 judgment in the land and maritime boundary case with Cameroon. The statement of Nigeria's Minister of Justice explaining the decision is available at http://allafrica.com/stories/201210090511.html.
Regards,
m a r t i n
==============================================
Professor Martin Pratt
Director of Research
International Boundaries Research Unit
Department of Geography
Durham University
Durham DH1 3LE
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0)191 334 1964
Fax: +44 (0)191 334 1962
[log in to unmask]
www.durham.ac.uk/ibru
==============================================
________________________________
Van: International boundaries discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Namens Nicolas Boeglin [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Verzonden: Friday, October 05, 2012 7:02 PM
Aan: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Onderwerp: Re: [INT-BOUNDARIES] Breaking News: Nigeria on the verge of Relitigating Bakassi
Dear Prof. Oduntan
Thanks for this very valuable report showing the limits of ICJ to resolve definitively a controversy. If you hace access to maps related to possible reserves of oil and other naturales ressources in this specific area, it will be maybe usefull to understand better the suden interest in reopening the discussion after a judgment rendered by ICJ in 2002.
Here in Central America we have had a similar situation with a formal request of El Salvador in 2002 related to the judgment rendered by ICJ in 1992 concerning territorial delimitation (Honduras /El Salvador).
Both cases are of course very different, baut in both of them, 10 years seem to be a period of time necessary to "analyse" ICJ judgements !
Sincerely yours
Nicolas Boeglin
2012/10/5 Gbenga Oduntan <[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>>
________________________________
Van: International boundaries discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Namens Maurice Mendelson QC [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Verzonden: Friday, October 05, 2012 6:45 PM
Aan: [log in to unmask]
Onderwerp: Re: [INT-BOUNDARIES] Breaking News: Nigeria on the verge of Relitigating Bakassi
Gbenga,
Thanks for circulating this piece of information.
I just want to disagree with what you say about Bakassi and nemo dat quod non habet in your last para. - whilst pointing out, for the sake of full disclosure that I was Counsel for Cameroon in this case. It may be that, like other colonial powers, Great Britain acted dishonourably and in a racist manner in concluding so called protectorate agreements with the (many) kings and chiefs of this (and may other regions) in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and then turning them into part of their colonial territory. But you are of course well aware that 'inter-temporal law' means that we have to determine the validity and effect of legal transactions according to law as it stood at the relevant time; and there is no doubt that, at the time the UK alienated Bakassi to Germany (1913) colonial protectorates were, for relevant purposes, equivalent to colonial territory. Thus it belonged to the UK, who had the right to alienate it. The opposite point was argued strongly by Nigeria, esp. by Ian Brownlie, who submitted that it belonged to an 'acephalous federation of the Kings and Chiefs of Old Calabar', but we comprehensively refuted it and the Court was clear on this.
As to the remainder of your interesting observations, it would not be appropriate for me to comment.
Best,
Maurice.
Maurice Mendelson, Q.C.
Blackstone Chambers Barristers
Blackstone House
Temple
London EC4Y 9BW
England.
Tel. +44 20 7583 1770; fax +4420 7822 7350; email [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
________________________________
From: International boundaries discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Gbenga Oduntan [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Sent: 05 October 2012 16:46
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: [INT-BOUNDARIES] Breaking News: Nigeria on the verge of Relitigating Bakassi
Dear Friends,
I regret to announce that Nigeria is very likely on the verge of returning to the ICJ to ask the court to revisit its decision in the Land and Maritime Dispute judgment of October 2002. For fuller details do visit: http://allafrica.com/stories/201210051319.html.
The judgment was rendered to mixed reactions internationally in 2002 and the Peninsula of Bakassi was awarded to Cameroon. Both countries immediately embarked upon an impressive implementation process with a plethora of commissions and sub commissions to boot. The painstaking implementation of the 2000 km boundary demarcation on the basis of the judgment continues, whilst demarcation of the maritime boundary has been completed. The implementation of the Bakassi aspect of the judgment has in fact also been complete -down to flag lowering and raising ceremonies and a so called GreenTree Treaty.
Despite this it appears the government is seeking to exercise a right to revisit the judgment (with a few days left under a unique 10 year after judgment rule of the World Court's rules). On the face of things I take the liberty as a someone who has written extensively on this judgment to disagree with the developments. It is good international policy that there must be an end to litigation. You win some and lose some. Nigeria indeed won impressively on the maritime issues and also on substantial territorial boundary issues. TheThe fact that tensions and reversal of mutual confidence is bound to attend this development are further reasons to be wary. It is, however, unlikely that the decision of the court will be in any meaningful way be reversed.
On a last note. I do believe Bakassi ought to be Nigeria's on the grounds of equity, intergenerational justice and good conscience among others. I hold this view not only because I am Nigerian but on the basis of the nemo dat quod non habet principle of law. Bakassi was not Great Britain's and should not have been alienated to the Germans during the colonial/protectorate era -leading to the longstanding dispute. But international law as we know it today and the full facts of the disputes put together could only have led to the decision given in 2003.
Best Regards
Gbenga
JUST PUBLISHED: Sovereignty and Jurisdiction in Airspace and Outer Space
http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415562126/
Dr. Gbenga Oduntan
Senior Lecturer -International Commercial Law
Kent Law School,
Eliot College,
University of Kent,
Canterbury,
Kent CT2 7NS, UK.
Switchboard 0044 (0)1227 764000 (ext 4817)
Direct Line 0044 (0)1227 824817
Fax: 0044 (0) 1227 827831
Email: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
http://www.kent.ac.uk/law/people/index.htm
Prof. Dr. Barbara Kwiatkowska
Professor of International Law of the Sea
Former Deputy Director NILOS 1985-2009
c/o Faculty of Law - Utrecht University
Achter Sint Pieter 200
3512 HT Utrecht - The Netherlands
Fax: 31 30 253 7067
E-mail: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
http://www.uu.nl/nilos/onlinepapers & http://www.uu.nl/nilos/books
http://vandeplaspublishing.com/store/product.php?productid=148&cat=20&page=1<blocked::http://vandeplaspublishing.com/store/product.php?productid=148&cat=20&page=1> & http://ilreports.blogspot.nl/search/label/Law%20of%20the%20Sea & http://ilreports.blogspot.nl/2012/10/kwiatkowska-submissions-to-un-clcs-of.html
http://www.a1outlet.com/kw/Barbara+Kwiatkowska & http://www.gettextbooks.co.uk/author/Barbara_Kwiatkowska &
http://www.uu.nl/SiteCollectionDocuments/REBO/REBO_RGL/REBO_RGL_NILOS/ESTU_026_01_1-4.pdf & http://igitur-archiv<http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/law/2012-0321-200600/UUindex.html><http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/law/2012-0321-200600/UUindex.html>e.library.uu.nl/law/2012-0321-200600/UUindex.html<http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/law/2012-0321-200600/UUindex.html> & http://www.brill.nl/decisions-world-court-relevant-un-convention-law-sea & http://nijhoffonline.nl/credited_person?id=KwiatkowskaBarbara<blocked::http://nijhoffonline.nl/credited_person?id=KwiatkowskaBarbara>
http://nijhoffonline.nl/credited_person?id=KwiatkowskaB<blocked::http://nijhoffonline.nl/credited_person?id=KwiatkowskaB>
http://nijhoffonline.nl/book?id=IMBO_IMBO-Book-i & http://www.amazon.com/Barbara-Kwiatkowska/e/B001JON0QM & http://www.amazon.ca/s?_encoding=UTF8&search-alias=books-ca&field-author=Barbara%20Kwiatkowska & http://catalogue.ppl.nl/DB=1/SET=5/TTL=1/CMD?ACT=SRCHA&IKT=1016&SRT=YOP&TRM=Kwiatkowska & http://www.asil.org/losreports/ & http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/gwilr39&div=26&id=&page
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