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Robert, the list below should give you a good start. This is a hugely important issue. We find the majority of published trials to be at high risk of bias and thus with a high likelihood of distorted results Best, Mike Wood L, Egger M, Gluud LL, Schulz KF, Jüni P, Altman DG, Gluud C, Martin RM, Wood AJ, Sterne JA. Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study. BMJ. 2008 Mar 15;336(7644):601-5. PMID: 18316340; PMCID: PMC2267990. Lundh A et al. Quality of systematic reviews in pediatric oncology – A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev (2009), doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2009.08.010 Hartling L. Risk of bias versus quality assessment of randomised controlled trials: cross sectional study BMJ 2009; 339:b4012doi:10.1136/bmj.b4012 van Tulder MW, Suttorp M, Morton S, Bouter LM, Shekelle P. Empirical evidence of an association between internal validity and effect size in randomized controlled trials of low-back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Jul 15;34(16):1685-92. PubMed PMID: 19770609. Tierney JF, Stewart LA. Investigating patient exclusion bias in meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol. 2005 Feb;34(1):79-87. Epub 2004 Nov 23. PMID: 15561753 Jüni P, Altman DG and Egger M. Systematic reviews in health care: Assessing the quality of controlled clinical trials. BMJ. 2001;323;42-46. PMID: 11440947 Poolman RW, Struijs PA, Krips R, Sierevelt IN and others. Reporting of outcomes in orthopaedic randomized trials: does blinding of outcome assessors matter? J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Mar;89(3):550-8. PMID 17332104 Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273:40812. PMID: 7823387 Kjaergard LL, John Villumsen J, Gluud C. Reported Methodologic Quality and Discrepancies between Large and Small Randomized Trials in Meta-Analyses. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135:982-989. PMID 11730399 Jüni P, Altman DG and Egger M. Systematic reviews in health care: Assessing the quality of controlled clinical trials. BMJ. 2001;323;42-46. PMID: 11440947 Pildal J, Chan AW, Hrobjartsson A, Forfang E, and others. Comparison of descriptions of allocation concealment in trial protocols and the published reports: cohort study. BMJ. 2005 May 7;330(7499):1049. Epub 2005 Apr 7.l PMID: 15817527. Egger M, Juni P, Bartlett C, Holenstein, and others. How important are comprehensive literature searches and the assessment of trial quality in systematic reviews? Empirical study. Health Technology Assessment 2003; Vol.7: No.1. PMID: 12583822 Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C JAMA. 2007 Feb 28;297(8):842-57.Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis.PMID*: 17327526 Bangalore S, Wetterslev J, Pranesh S, Sawhney S, Gluud C, Messerli FH. Perioperative β blockers in patients having non-cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Lancet 2008; published online Nov 11. DOI:10.1016/ S0140 6736(08)61560-3. MacLehose RR, Reeves BC, Harvey IM, Sheldon TA, and others. A systematic review of comparisons of effect sizes derived from randomised and non-randomised studies. Health Technol Assess. 2000;4(34):1-154. Review. PMID: 11134917 Pocock SJ, Elbourne DR. Randomized trials or observational tribulations? N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1907-1909. O'Brien PC, Zhang D, Bailey KR. Semi-parametric and non-parametric methods for clinical trials with incomplete data. Stat Med. 2005 Feb 15;24(3):341-58. Erratum in: Stat Med. 2005 Nov 15;24(21):3385. PMID: 15547952 Carpenter, J, Kenward, M. Guidelines for handling missing data in Social Science Research. www.lshtm.ac.uk/msu/missingdata/guidelines.pdf accessed (02/20/2008) Gadbury GL, Coffey CS, Allison DB. Modern statistical methods for handling missing repeated measurements in obesity trial data: beyond LOCF. Obes Rev. 2003 Aug;4(3):175-84. PMID: 12916818 Shih W. Problems in dealing with missing data and informative censoring in clinical trials. Curr Control Trials Cardiovasc Med. 2002 Jan 8;3(1):4. PubMed PMID: 11985778; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC134476. Wood AM, White IR, Thompson SG. Are missing outcome data adequately handled? A review of published randomized controlled trials in major medical journals. Clin Trials. 2004;1(4):368-76. Review. PubMed PMID: 16279275. Woolley SB, Cardoni AA, Goethe JW. Last-observation-carried-forward imputation method in clinical efficacy trials: review of 352 antidepressant studies. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Dec;29(12):1408-16. Review. PubMed PMID: 19947800. Lachin JL. Statistical considerations in the intent-to-treat principle. Control Clin Trials. 2000 Oct;21(5):526. PMID 11018568 Chalmers TC, Celano P, Sacks HS, Smith H Jr. Bias in treatment assignment in controlled clinical trials. N Engl J Med. 1983 Dec 1;309(22):1358-61. PMID: 6633598 > I would appreciate it if list members might have references to pubs that > document that effect size declines with improved research methodology. > > > > _____________________________ > Robert J. Weyant, DMD, DrPH > Professor and Chair > Department of Dental Public Health and Information Management > 346 Salk, School of Dental Medicine > University of Pittsburgh > Pittsburgh PA 15261 > > Office Phone: (412) 648-3052 > DPH Departmental Administrator: (412) 648-3534 > Google Phone: (412) 423-8495 > > Editor-in-Chief > Journal of Public Health Dentistry > www.blackwellpublishing.com/jphd > > DPH Listserve (subscribe/unsubscribe): > http://list.pitt.edu/mailman/listinfo/dental-public-health > DPH Password Reminder: > https://list.pitt.edu/mailman/options/dental-public-health > > > This email may contain confidential information of the sending > organization. Any unauthorized or improper disclosure, copying, > distribution, or use of the contents of this email and attached > document(s) is prohibited. The information contained in this email and > attached document(s) is intended only for the personal and confidential > use of the recipient(s) named above. If you have received this > communication in error, please notify the sender immediately by email and > delete the original email and attached document(s). (W) > > Michael E Stuart MD President and Medical Director, Delfini Group Clinical Asst Professor, UW School of Medicine 6831 31st Ave N.E. Seattle, Washington 98115 206-854-3680 Mobile Phone 206-527-6146 Home Office [log in to unmask] www.delfini.org