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medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture visuals The fact that no visuals from me have appeared in recent days is due entirely to the fact that we lost our broadband signal on 1st November and only got it back this morning, despite frequent efforts to get AOL to help. Any list member who knows of good and effective medieval maledictions suitable for such occasions, please let me know!!!! Gordon Plumb In a message dated 07/12/2011 05:41:54 GMT Standard Time, [log in to unmask] writes: medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture On 12/06/11, Terri Morgan sent: > Nicholas of Myra /-of Bari (4th century) Santa Claus... > The Nicholas cult began to spread in the sixth century, reaching Slavic lands in the eighth century and western Europe along with the empress Theophanu in the 970s. > That sentence, from Phyllis Jestice's notice of Nicholas in 2001 <http://tinyurl.com/d38ptcm>, is misleading in isolating Theophanu as a transmitter of Nicholas' cult in western Europe. The latter is well attested there from at least the second quarter of the ninth century onward, over a century before Theophanu's arrival in 972. Restricting the argument merely to the Latin west -- there was of course also a Greek west which shared in the common liturgical practices of the Greek-speaking world and which thus will have celebrated Nicholas sooner than did the Latins --, one may observe that Nicholas' feast on 6. December is entered in the earlier ninth-century Marble Calendar of Naples (whose text will have been composed at some time between 821 and 841) and in the likewise earlier ninth-century martyrology of Florus of Lyon (d. ca. 860). From Florus it passed into the earliest recension of the widely used martyrology of St. Ado of Vienne (probably betw. 850 and 860). And from Ado it passed into the first version of the even more widely used martyrology of Usuard of Saint-Germain (d. ca. 877), who in his second version included an elogium drawn from a Latin-language Passio of Nicholas that clearly was available at this time in western Europe. That elogium was in turn borrowed by Ado (d. 875) for the final version of _his_ martyrology, with the result that both of these very influential guides to the sanctoral calendar (Ado and Usuard) incorporated a brief narrative account of this saint. Last year's notice of Nicholas <http://tinyurl.com/836eyd3> had a rather larger selection of visuals (but the church in Kastoria in which item b is located should have been identified as St. Nicholas Kasnitzes). Gordon Plumb added yet more from an earlier thirteenth-century window at Bourges <http://tinyurl.com/7teggbj>. Herewith a few more: Nicholas as depicted in a twelfth-century fresco in the patron niche of the church of Agios Nikolaos tis Stegis at Kakopetria (Nicosia prefecture) in the Republic of Cyprus: http://tinyurl.com/72ms3vj Nicholas (at right; at left, St. Athanasius of Alexandria) as depicted in the later twelfth-century frescoes (1164) in the church of St. Panteleimon at Gorno Nerezi (Skopje municipality) in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: http://tinyurl.com/bumvmhr Detail view (Nicholas): http://tinyurl.com/7mvp47g Nicholas (at right; at left, St. Achilles / Achillius) as depicted in the late twelfth-century frescoes (ca. 1191) in the church of St. George at Kurbinovo (Resen municipality) in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: http://tinyurl.com/3kdrvjm Detail view (Nicholas): http://tinyurl.com/6zzhdq5 Nicholas as depicted in a twelfth- or thirteenth-century fresco in the church of St. Peter (and Paul) at Stari Ras (Raška dist.) in Serbia: http://tinyurl.com/7kjy66l Nicholas (lower register) as depicted in a later thirteenth-century fresco (either ca. 1263-1270 or slightly later) in the chapel of St. George in the church of the Holy Trinity in the Sopoćani monastery at Sopoćani (Raška dist.) in Serbia: http://tinyurl.com/6lpm895 Nicholas as depicted in the late thirteenth-century frescoes (ca. 1295) by the painters Michael Astrapas and Eutychios in the church of the Peribleptos (now Sv. Climent Novi) in Ohrid: http://tinyurl.com/7ar7xzb http://tinyurl.com/7r6tfgc http://tinyurl.com/7bcb5jf Scenes from the St. Nicholas cycle as depicted in the earlier twelfth-century frescoes (betw. ca. 1311 and ca. 1322) in the church of St. Nicholas Orphanos in Thessaloniki: http://tinyurl.com/6veqz5c http://tinyurl.com/74xgadu http://tinyurl.com/7lnggfe http://tinyurl.com/bw7r4n8 http://tinyurl.com/cwkvo8h http://tinyurl.com/czvqzta http://tinyurl.com/7becpxb http://tinyurl.com/7r75n56 Nicholas' badly degraded portrait next to the door below those frescoes: http://tinyurl.com/7svfqqb Nicholas as depicted in the earlier fourteenth-century frescoes (betw. ca. 1314 and ca. 1320) by the painters Michael Astrapas and Eutychios in the church of St. Nicetas the Goth (Sv. Nikita) at Čučer in today's Čučer-Sandevo in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: http://tinyurl.com/7kpxc5b http://tinyurl.com/84p4zmv Nicholas as depicted in the earlier sixteenth-century frescoes (1527) by Theofanis Strelitzas-Bathas (Theophanes the Cretan) in the katholikon of the monastery of St. Nicholas Anapafsas in the Meteora district of Greece's Trikala prefecture: http://tinyurl.com/7sswsf6 Nicholas (lower register) as depicted in the earlier sixteenth-century frescoes (1545-1546) by Theofanis Strelitzas-Bathas (Theophanes the Cretan) in the katholikon of the Stavronikita monastery on Mt. Athos: http://tinyurl.com/3zsqr27 Best, John Dillon ********************************************************************** To join the list, send the message: join medieval-religion YOUR NAME to: [log in to unmask] To send a message to the list, address it to: [log in to unmask] To leave the list, send the message: leave medieval-religion to: [log in to unmask] In order to report problems or to contact the list's owners, write to: [log in to unmask] For further information, visit our web site: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/medieval-religion.html ********************************************************************** To join the list, send the message: join medieval-religion YOUR NAME to: [log in to unmask] To send a message to the list, address it to: [log in to unmask] To leave the list, send the message: leave medieval-religion to: [log in to unmask] In order to report problems or to contact the list's owners, write to: [log in to unmask] For further information, visit our web site: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/medieval-religion.html