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Now available at Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice ONLINE
Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice/La Revue canadienne de criminologie et de justice pénale Volume 52, Number 4 / July 2010 of is now available at http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/m337345xn6wj/.
This issue contains:
Amy Fitzgerald, Lori B. Baralt
Abstract: Within the literature examining media depictions of crime and the criminal justice system, very little attention has been paid to the ways in which harms to the environment and human health have been constructed. This is not entirely surprising, given that the discipline of criminology has been reticent in addressing environmental harm more generally. This gap in the criminological imagination is beginning to be addressed within the growing field of green criminology, which seeks to focus attention on environmental harms as an important area of criminological investigation. Using a green criminological lens, this paper examines the case of mercury-contaminated fish as depicted in the Globe and Mail and New York Times from 2003 through 2008. Through qualitative content analysis, we examine the construction of responsibility for mercury contamination and for mitigating the attendant risks. We find that, in explaining the contamination of fish, both newspapers problematize the regulation of mercury-releasing industries by the state and pay a great deal of attention to the responsibility the state has to inform the public about the risks. However, little attention is paid to the responsibility of the mercury-releasing industries, the commercial fish industry, and restaurants and supermarkets to protect consumers. Furthermore, media attention is mainly directed at the responsibility of individual consumers – particularly those deemed most at risk of being harmed by mercury contamination – to limit the amount of mercury-rich fish they consume. These media depictions simultaneously foster a sense of individualized responsibility and normalize the risks posed by this environmental hazard, which is made to appear virtually inevitable, something that requires management, partly by the state, but mostly by vulnerable consumers.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/l0w63276682t6006/?p=ba5375dc278240a1b076ba6bbc01dc1c&pi=0
Judges' Attitudes about and Experiences with Sentencing Circles in Intimate-Partner Abuse Cases
Joanne Belknap, Courtney McDonald
Abstract: During the 1980s and 1990s, two important changes that occurred in criminal processing were seemingly at odds for intimate-partner abuse cases. The first was the move to treat gender-violence cases more seriously and more punitively. The second was the design and implementation of restorative justice practices, which was mandated for consideration in First Nations cases in R. v. Gladue in 1999. There has also been an ongoing debate globally as to whether restorative justice is appropriate in gender-violence cases. Additionally, some First Nations scholars worry that restorative justice is simply another way of controlling and punishing Aboriginal peoples. This study draws on interviews with 27 judges in a large Western province, a year before the Gladue decision, regarding their attitudes to and experiences with sentencing circles in intimate-partner abuse cases. The findings suggest cautious judicial support tempered by serious concerns.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/l0523m4w81685603/?p=ba5375dc278240a1b076ba6bbc01dc1c&pi=1
Youth Justice in Canada: Theoretical Perspectives of Youth Probation Officers
Raymond R. Corrado, Karla Gronsdahl, David MacAlister, et al.
Abstract: The Youth Criminal Justice Act, like its predecessor, the Young Offenders Act, incorporates philosophies, principles, and procedures from several theoretical models of youth justice. Concerns have been raised regarding how challenging it is for the various youth justice professionals responsible for implementing this law to apply it consistently across cases with varying characteristics. This article reports on a study of youth probation officers in British Columbia under the YCJA. It involves probation officers' reviewing five, actual, serious and/or violent young offender cases from across Canada. Their theoretical orientations to the different cases were derived from divergent models of youth justice. Despite the hypothesis that probation officers' responses would vary on the basis of case characteristics, overwhelming consistencies were evident in four of the five cases. The probation officers' approach typically rejected sentencing recommendations drawn from polarized models of youth justice, such as welfare or as crime control. Instead, probation officers preferred a model that represented a more eclectic approach, such as corporatist and modified justice.
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/w4655u0257r801p3/?p=ba5375dc278240a1b076ba6bbc01dc1c&pi=2
Gendered Treatment: Girls and Treatment Orders in Bail Court
Jane B. Sprott, Anthony N. Doob
Abstract: Historically, girls, more so than boys, have been the recipients of rehabilitative efforts within the youth justice system. While the rehabilitative focus of youth justice legislation has diminished over the decades, there is still concern that girls may be more likely than boys to be recipients of treatment-based responses. We investigated this at the pre-trial stage, examining bail conditions placed on youths. Examining a sample of bail cases from a large youth court in Toronto, extending from April 2003 through to December 2008, we found that girls were significantly more likely than boys to be given a condition of attending a “treatment program,” especially if the offence was a minor non-violent offence. While the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) is very clear that youths cannot be detained or sentenced to custody for child welfare reasons (ss. 29 and 39(5)), there is nothing that explicitly prohibits the imposition of “rehabilitative” bail conditions. While the paternalistic treatment/rehabilitation efforts from earlier in the twentieth century may have faded considerably
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/5820145223345x74/?p=ba5375dc278240a1b076ba6bbc01dc1c&pi=3
Book Reviews / Recensions de livres (July/juillet 2010)
http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/l3420536h5527l86/?p=ba5375dc278240a1b076ba6bbc01dc1c&pi=4
Books Received / Livres reçus – July/juillet 2010 http://utpjournals.metapress.com/content/l8303021ht560427/?p=ba5375dc278240a1b076ba6bbc01dc1c&pi=5
Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Now in its 52nd year of publication, the Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice – one of the most established journals of criminology in the world – is now available ONLINE.
CJCCJ, led by an editorial team selected from the criminology and criminal justice research communities in Canada and abroad, is the inter-disciplinary forum for original contributions and discussion in the field of criminology and criminal justice. Its focus is on the theoretical and scientific aspects of the study of crime and the practical problems of law enforcement, administration of justice and the treatment of offenders.
This highly respected scientific publication of the Canadian Criminal Justice Association features in-depth articles based on research and experimentation and appeals to justice administrators, researchers and practitioners, academics, and anyone wishing to keep abreast of recent criminological findings and opinions.
The CJCCJ frequently publishes special thematic issues. Recent issues have explored topics such as the Youth Criminal Justice Act, wrongful convictions, criminology research in Canada, and punishment and restorative justice. Forthcoming issues of interest are Privacy and Police Powers (available summer 2008) and Car Theft (available late 2008).
Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice
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posted by T Hawkins, UTP Journals