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NHS Evidence - ethnicity and health AA service supplied to NHS Evidence by CEEHD <http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/med/research/csri/ethnicityhealth/> Newsletter - 6 October 2009 The newsletter highlights news and developments in ethnicity and health, lists additions to our collection and provides information on forthcoming events. News NHS Evidence - ethnicity and health Annual Evidence Update 2009 We will be producing our annual evidence update the week beginning 19th October. To view the topics for this year click on this link <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/> from the 19th onwards. You can also visit the site that week to see the latest information for ethnic groups about A/H1N1 (swine flu). Muslim leaders join smoking campaign A campaign aimed at reducing smoking and heart disease in the Asian community will include over 300 Imams and community workers. The higher smoking rate in the Muslim community places individuals at a twofold increased risk of heart attack <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ethnicity/viewResource.aspx?resid=296301&code =ccf9fd4b740d7bb19c631325a1427a9d> . The British Heart Foundation <http://www.bhf.org.uk/report05/campaigns/giveUp.htm> is now leading a campaign to help Asian smokers quit their habit. A spokesman for the Ramadan Healthy Life campaign said, "This campaign aims to make sure that anyone looking to quit gets the help and support they need to make a change for the better". Imams and community Mosques have previously <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=299064&tabI D=290> been used to promote a healthy lifestyle in the Asian community. Entitlement to treatment? The Department of Health has produced guidance <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=292451&tabI D=288> for primary and secondary healthcare staff when treating asylum seekers and refugees following the Court of Appeal judgement of 30th March 2009. Faith based health services for Muslims? Muslims currently have the poorest overall health profile in Britain. Arguing that the UK should provide specific health services for Muslims, this article <http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/334/7584/74?view=long&pmid=17218711 > has caused some debate. Responses to the article, published in January, and other relevant articles can be found after the main text. New Additions The following resources have been added to the ethnicity and health specialist collection during August and September. Cancer: Alcohol-related and hepatocellular cancer deaths by country of birth in England and Wales: analysis of mortality and census data <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322901&tabI D=289> A comparison of mortality rates by country of birth for alcohol-related conditions, liver disease and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) to explore potential inequalities and inform clinical and preventative care. Breast health information needs of women from minority ethnic groups <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324340&tabI D=289> Determining the breast health and breast cancer screening information needs of women from minority ethnic groups is the object of this literature review. Inequalities in reported use of breast and cervical screening in Great Britain: analysis of cross sectional survey data <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=321868&tabI D=289> This study investigates the relationship between reported use of breast and cervical screening services by women and sociodemographic characteristics. Mortality from all cancers and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer by country of birth in England and Wales, 2001-2003 <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322896&tabI D=289> Using England and Wales as a reference group this study combined mortality from all cancers and major cancers among men and women aged 20 years and over and compared them by country of birth. Cardiovascular Diseases: African Caribbean hypertensive patients' perceptions and utilization of primary health care services <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322661&tabI D=289> Hypertension remains a major health issue amongst immigrant and UK born African Caribbean people. This study investigates African Caribbean hypertensive patient's access, utilization and perceptions of primary health care. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and established risk factors among populations of sub-Saharan African descent in Europe: a literature review <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323941&tabI D=289&catID=11551> The leading cause of death globally is cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review looks at the current understanding of the epidemiology of vascular disease, diabetes and related risk factors among populations of sub-Saharan African descent in comparison with European populations. Ethnicity and peripheral artery disease <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=321801&tabI D=289> This article focuses predominantly on people of south Asian, black Caribbean and black African descent to identify possible pathophysiological differences between ethnic groups for peripheral artery disease. Widening access to cardiovascular healthcare : community screening among ethnic minorities in inner-city Britain: the Healthy Hearts Project <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324673&tabI D=289> The majority of cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Britain occur in inner city areas including those with diverse multi-ethnic populations. This study describes a health screening project that took place in Sandwell, Birmingham. Client Groups: Ageing & ethnicity: a demographic profile of BME older people in England <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322719&tabI D=290> Voluntary and statutory agencies working with and providing services for older people from BME communities are the target audience for this briefing. Arranging and negotiating the use of informal interpreters in general practice consultations: experiences of refugees and asylum seekers in the west of Ireland <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322707&tabI D=289> An investigation into the work involved for service users in arranging the use of informal interpreters primarily from their social networks for general practice consultations. Dietary beliefs and behaviour of a UK Somali population <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323475&tabI D=289&catID=11563> While Somalis comprise one of the largest asylum seeking populations in the UK, little is known of how this migration has affected traditional beliefs about food and eating habits. This study looks at their dietary beliefs and self reported eating behaviours. Intergenerational continuities of ethnic inequalities in general health in England <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324498&tabI D=289> Although previous research suggests that ethnic minority groups are more likely to suffer a poorer health profile than the general population, it is still unclear whether these inequalities pass through subsequent generations. This study aims to discover to what degree if any ethnic inequalities are passed from the first generation to the second. National Child Measurement Programme: 2007/2008 school year headline results <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324026&tabI D=290> This report by the Department of Health reviews the results of the National Child Measurement Programme. Physical activity and sedentary behaviours of south Asian and white European children in inner city secondary schools in the UK <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324407&tabI D=289> Children of south Asian origin have been shown to have increased prevalence of obesity and evidence of insulin resistance. Low levels of physical activity are becoming increasingly linked to obesity. This study investigates the levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviours in secondary school pupils in the UK and compares south Asian and white European children and those with or without a family history of cardiovascular disease. Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: a review <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=325047&tabI D=289> Care providers can at times be oblivious to the barriers some ethnic minority patients can be confronted with when accessing health services. This review aims to present an overview of these potential barriers. The role of ethnicity in end-of-life care in care homes for older people in the UK: a literature review <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323070&tabI D=289&catID=11585> Little is known about the numbers of black and minority ethnic older people in care homes or the extent to which their end of life care needs are met. This paper summarises the current research evidence on cultural issues relating to ethnicity in end-of-life care homes. 'We are not blaming anyone, but if we don't know about amenities, we cannot seek them out': black and minority older people's views on the quality of local health and personal social services in England <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323064&tabI D=289> Part of the National Service Framework for Older People (NSFOP) was improving access to culturally-appropriate services and doing more to meet the needs of black and minority ethnic (BME) older people. A mid-term independent review of NSFOP was led by the Healtcare Commission; this paper reports on the consultation process with older people that underpins that review. What is FGM? <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322903&tabI D=292> This patient information brochure on female genital mutilation (FGM) is the 4th in AFRUCA's Safeguarding African Children in the UK series. Cultural Competence: Exclusion on grounds of language ability - a reporting gap in health services research? <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324997&tabI D=289> A review looking at the exclusion of potential participants from research studies on the basis of language ability. The role of culture in the general practice consultation process <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322629&tabI D=289> The importance of culture and ethnicity in the general practice consultation process is the purpose of this review. The review also aims to provide a detailed understanding of how white and south Asian patients communicate with white general practitioners and to explore similarities and differences in communication between these groups. Diabetes: Differences in the process of diabetic care between south Asian and white patients in inner-city practices in Nottingham, UK <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322704&tabI D=289> Some evidence exists to suggest that there are differences in access to healthcare in the UK for different ethnic groups; this study looks at differences in the process of diabetic care provided to white and south Asian patients. Educational interventions for migrant south Asians with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322540&tabI D=289> The scope of published assessments of educational initiatives for south Asians with type 2 diabetes is the focus of this systematic review that also includes a consideration of the effectiveness of reported interventions. Predicting risk of type 2 diabetes in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QDScore <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322535&tabI D=289> A development and validation of a new diabetes risk algorithm (the QDScore) for estimating 10 year risk of acquiring type 2 diabetes over a 10 year time period in an ethnically and socio-economically diverse population. Review article: diabetes, genetics and ethnicity <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324329&tabI D=289> There is evidence that the prevalence of insulin resistance and diabetes has increased dramatically over the past few decades in western countries. This is now also evident in countries that are adopting a western lifestyle. Previous studies in multiethnic populations suggest that some ethnic groups may have a predisposition to diabetes. This review looks at the evidence available for the influence of genetic factors in relation to insulin resistance and diabetes and ethnicity. Infectious Diseases: The impact of immigration on tuberculosis rates in the United Kingdom compared with other European countries <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322505&tabI D=289> An investigation into whether trends in tuberculosis (TB) rates across Europe are linked to patterns of migration. Migrant workers from the EU Accession countries: a demographic overview of those living and working in England and Wales and a comparison of infectious disease and immunisation rates in the Accession countries with those in the UK <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322624&tabI D=290> Twelve countries have joined the EU since May 2004 including Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Malta and Romania. This report describes the demography of migrants from these twelve countries and compares the infectious disease rates in each of these Accession countries with the UK population in general. Rubella seroprevalence in pregnant women in North Thames: estimates based on newborn screening samples <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=321823&tabI D=289> Routine screening for rubella susceptibility is important so that women found to be susceptible can be offered immunisation in the post partum period. This study demonstrates the use of newborn dried blood spot samples that are linked to routine vital statistics datasets to monitor the susceptibility to rubella in pregnant women and investigates maternal characteristics as determinants of rubella seronegativity. Tuberculosis outbreak associated with a mosque: challenges of large scale contact tracing <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=321808&tabI D=289&catID=11555> This report describes the investigation and management of an outbreak of tuberculosis (TB) associated with a mosque in Scotland. Management and Policy: Most UK datasets of routinely collected health statistics fail to collect information on ethnicity and religion <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324500&tabI D=289> The inclusion of ethnic information in existing datasets for research is discussed in this article. Why poor quality of ethnicity data should not preclude its use for identifying disparities in health and healthcare <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=325000&tabI D=289> Concerns over the completeness, accuracy and timeliness of ethnicity data are long standing; this review aims to identify incompleteness of ethnicity data across routine health and healthcare datasets. Mental Health: Ageing, ethnicity and psychiatric services <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323083&tabI D=290> In 2001 the Royal College of Psychiatrists produced a report concluding that black and minority ethnic older people had received little attention from psychiatric services. One of the recommendations of the report currently under review is the introduction of a database of good practice and increased research. Caught between stigma and inequality: black and minority ethnic communities and mental well-being in Kensington & Chelsea and Westminster <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324439&tabI D=290> The BME Communities and Mental Well-Being KCW task group was launched in October 2003, the aim of the project was to assess community experiences and perceptions of local mental health care services to identify unmet needs and recommend improvements to better serve black and minority ethnic communities in Kensington & Chelsea and Westminster. Culture and care in dementia: a study of the Asian community in North West Kent <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324426&tabI D=290> This report is the result of a project conducted over two years to explore the service related needs of Asian older people with dementia and their carers in Dartford and Gravesham. Delivering race equality focused implementation site project 2005 - 2008: evaluation report <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323518&tabI D=290> The Focused Implementation Site Project took place between 2005 and 2008 in the London boroughs of Brent, Harrow, Westminster and Kensington & Chelsea. This is the evaluation report of that project. Health needs of prisoners in England and Wales: the implications for prison healthcare of gender, age and ethnicity <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=325007&tabI D=289&catID=11556> An identification of the healthcare needs of prisoners in relation to gender, age and ethnicity is the purpose of this literature review. Psychiatric services for black and minority ethnic elders <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=323077&tabI D=290&catID=11556> The provision of psychiatric services for black and minority ethnic older people is investigated in this report. South Asian women, psychological distress and self-harm: lessons for primary care trusts <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322711&tabI D=289> The self reported needs of south Asian women suffering distress and mental health problems which may lead to self-harm and suicide were investigated by this paper with an aim to defining indicators of good practice for primary care in this area. Musculoskeletal: Challenges of ethnicity in SLE <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=325677&tabI D=289> Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occurs worldwide and is particularly common in patients of African descent in Europe and North America and those of an Asian origin. The disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prevalence and incidence of biopsy-proven lupus nephritis in the UK: Evidence of an ethnic gradient <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322889&tabI D=289&catID=12172> Renal involvement is a major complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as being a strong determinant of morbidity and mortality. This study the first on the epidemiology of lupus nephritis aims to establish the prevalence and incidence of biopsy-proven lupus nephritis in the northwest of England (2001) and to examine the influence of age, sex and ethnicity. The prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in Birmingham, England: relationship to ethnicity and country of birth <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322880&tabI D=289&catID=12172> This study aimed to establish the point prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on 1st January 1992 and the incidence of SLE in Birmingham, England. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: II. Features predictive of disease activity early in its course. LUMINA Study Group. Lupus in minority populations, nature versus nurture <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322962&tabI D=289> Factors associated with disease activity in patients who have recently developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who are of Hispanic, African-American or Caucasian ethnicity is explored in this study. Neurological Disorders: Ischemic stroke in south Asians: a review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and ethnicity-related clinical features <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322513&tabI D=289> Mortality from stroke in the UK is higher among south Asians than those of white ethnicity. This review aims to present a comprehensive and systematic overview of the available literature related to ischemic stroke in south Asians. Survival differences after stroke in a multiethnic population: follow-up study with the South London stroke register <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=325054&tabI D=289&catID=11843> An examination into ethnic differences in survival after stroke and the factors that influence this. Reproductive Health: Social and ethnic differences in folic acid use preconception and during early pregnancy in the UK: effect on maternal folate status <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322183&tabI D=289&catID=13697> Folate supplementation can play an important part in preventing neural tube defects, this investigation looks at periconception folic acid supplement use in a socially deprived, ethnically diverse population. Respiratory Disorders: Culture-specific programs for children and adults from minority groups who have asthma <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=283731&tabI D=289&catID=11559> People with asthma who come from minority groups have poorer asthma outcomes and more asthma related visits to Emergency Departments (ED). Various programmes are used to educate and empower people with asthma and these have previously been shown to improve certain asthma outcomes. Models of care for chronic diseases in minority groups usually include a focus of the cultural context of the individual and not just the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, questions about whether culturally specific asthma education programmes for people from minority groups are effective at improving asthma outcomes, are feasible and are cost-effective need to be answered. Service Delivery: A description of some aspects of the triangular meeting between immigrant patients, their interpreters and GPs in primary health care in Stockholm, Sweden. <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=324558&tabI D=289> This study is the first to combine the perspectives of immigrant patients, interpreters and general practitioners (GP's) during a consultation, the study's main aim was to describe some aspects of this consultation but also to measure patient satisfaction and whether interpreters or GP's experienced ethnic conflict during the consultation. Influence of practices' ethnicity and deprivation on access to angiography: an ecological study <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322669&tabI D=289&catID=11577> Past studies from primary care have found reduced access to angiography for lower social class groups, this study looks at the influence of ethnicity and social deprivation on access to angiography in general practice. Patients' experiences and expectations of general practice: a questionnaire study of differences by ethnic group <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=322666&tabI D=289> Previous research has highlighted variations in morbidity, mortality and health needs by ethnic group. This study looks at the experience and expectations of different ethnic groups in their general practice consultation. Forthcoming Events: October: eQuality of Care Tackling Health Inequalities in Emergency Care <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=326376> A seminar for NHS Ambulance Trusts and other stakeholders. Mixed race, mixed racism and mental health <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=321686> A one day conference to explore mental health service issues affecting mixed race families and young people. November: careif 2009: International Conference. Sport, Education & Culture: Promoting Health, Wellbeing and Positive Identities for Young People. <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ETHNICITY/ViewResource.aspx?resID=306189> This conference is to share knowledge and expertise among a community of young people and educationalists, sport industry specialists, sports personalities and researchers, sports medicine specialists, educational psychologists, sports psychologists, teachers, practitioners in mental health care, managers, policy makers, commissioners, and leaders in health promotion. This conference is part of a programme which helps build the legacy of the 2012 games. December: Concepts of Epidemiology Course <http://www.library.nhs.uk/Ethnicity/ViewResource.aspx?resID=316970> This is the 5th Concepts of Epidemiology Course following on the success of previous short Epidemiology courses between 2005 and 2008 Contact Us: we welcome your input Please use the following links to contact us: Publicise an event <http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/med/research/csri/ethnicityhealth/sleh/ev ent/> Suggest a resource <http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/med/research/csri/ethnicityhealth/sleh/su ggestform/> Submit a general comment or enquiry <mailto:Submit%20a%20general%20comment%20or%20enquiry> or email [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> Click the link to see the web version of this Newsletter on our website <http://www.library.nhs.uk/ethnicity/Page.aspx?pagename=NEWSLETTER> and for access to past Newsletters. Formerly known as the Specialist Library for Ethnicity and Health (SLEH)