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t r i c o u n t r y 2 0 0 9

part 1
the 176 official united nations trijunctions

all fully agreed & marked de jure tripoints except as otherwise noted 


country digraphs used for designating the trijunctions & boundaries are per the decoding table 
http://www.iso.org/iso/iso-3166-1_decoding_table 
& are arranged alphabetically 
with directional suffixes e&w or n&s added as needed to distinguish 10 pairs of twin trijunctions

code elements are usually familiar or easily inferable
both separately & in composite
& they are also clarified by the accompanying details

on the other hand 
to correctly encipher plain english country names for specific tripoint searches etc 
http://www.iso.org/iso/english_country_names_and_code_elements



001 adesfre 1868 esfr marker 427 at portella blanca 
photo http://www.buscapaligru.com/salidas/Portella%20Blanca/IMG_1404.jpg  topo & other data http://www.grenspalen.nl/archief/andorra-tripoint-east-2004.html 





002 adesfrw summit point of pic de medacorba marked by cairn 
photo http://www.madteam.net/fotografia/imagenblog.php/10282.jpg  topo & other data http://www.grenspalen.nl/archief/andorra-tripoint-west-2004.html 





003 aeqasa hypothetical equidistant point in persian gulf at roughly 24n39 51e38 based on de facto boundary disputed by emirates locator map http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=24.65,+51.633333&sll=24.672602,51.496353&sspn=0.301372,0.441513&ie=UTF8&ll=25.015929,51.569824&spn=2.404116,3.532104&z=8 

004 aeomsa tripoint at umm az zamul wells mostly if not entirely agreed but not yet formally marked
details & data http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point-point/712 

005 afcnpk disputed by afghanistan & probably unmarked at unnamed peak in pamirs elev 5630m per ibs at roughly 37n02 74e34 per topo 
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/100k--j43-102.html showing tripoint at lower left but ibs differs slightly http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS089.pdf 

006 afcntj probably at unmarked ridge junction elev 5523m near summit of mt povalo shveykovskiy tho ibs seems to indicate summit & elev 5670m
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/100k--j43-102.html showing tripoint at upper right

007 afirpk 1896 afgb marker 186 at kuh e malek siah summit but repudiated by afghanistan 
durand commission photo http://groups.yahoo.com/group/boundarypointpoint/attachments/folder/984360782/item/1360815052/view?picmode=original&mode=tn&order=ordinal&start=1&dir=asc 
sr





008 afirtm on thalweg in dry former bed of avulsed hari rud river at zulfikar pass in alignment with remote pair of 1948 afsu reference markers numbered 1
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/100k--i41-015.html 

009 aftjuz on thalweg of amu darya possibly in alignment with remote pair of 1948 afsu reference markers numbered 107 over 1 
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/tajikistan/100k/10-42-100.jpg 

010 aftmuz formerly on thalweg of amu darya & likely still within river channel after avulsion between remote 1948 afsu reference marker pair number 91 over 2
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/100k--j42-086.html 

011 algrmk tripoint in lake prespa about 1300m ssw of golem island marked by westernmost of 12 new grmk buoys may also align with old algr & alyu buoys
photo http://groups.yahoo.com/group/borderpoint/attachments/folder/540393509/item/1133363692/view  topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/albania/50k/11-34-114-2.jpg 
IMG_2646 (Medium)



012 almers 1925 alyu marker numbered b28 over 4 at tromedja summit elev 2366m now in detached kosovo
prize photo http://good-times.webshots.com/photo/2102156330062955329iVBeQU  topo http://mapy.mk.cvut.cz/data/Jugoslavie-Yugoslavia/Cerna_Hora-Montenegro/Bogicevica.jpg 

013 almkrs remonumented in 2008 as agreed with kosovo as distinct from serbia at mt serupa summit elev about 2100m
report & photo http://macedoniaonline.eu/content/view/2087/56  topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/albania/50k/11-34-78-1.jpg showing tripoint at or near former alyu marker d24

014 amazge soviet position likely still unmarked on ridge line near saddle southwest of mount babakyar in roughly 41n18 45e1
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/azerbaijan/100k/K-38-103.jpg 

015 amazire on thalweg of aras river in karabagh occupied territory remotely monumented by a pair of 1957 irsu markers numbered 35
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/azerbaijan/100k/J-38-046.jpg 

016 amazirw on thalweg of aras river at a ridge crossing that appears not to have been marked by the 1957 irsu demarcation
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/azerbaijan/100k/J-38-045.jpg 

017 amaztr on thalweg of aras river marked remotely by a pair of 1926 sutr markers numbered 4
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/azerbaijan/100k/J-38-006.jpg 

018 amgetr 1926 sutr marker 148 at unnamed summit
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/x-ussr/100k/K-38-099.jpg 

019 aocdcg where indefinite cdcg descending chiloango river meets aocd ascending thalweg at low ridge carrying aocg & marked remotely by 1904 frpt pillar j
topo http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/africa/txu-oclc-6589746-sheet26-5th-ed.jpg  additional details http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point/8578

020 aocdzm on watershed divide probably marked by 1915 gbpt pillar 1 & or 1915 bept pillar 1 but possibly also 1934 begb pillar 46
topo http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/africa/txu-oclc-6589746-sheet27-5th-ed.jpg  additional details http://groups.yahoo.com/group/BoundaryPoint/message/979 

021 aonazm marked by 1964 ptgb beacon 37 if not also 1931 gbza provisional beacon 9 along tree line on eastern edge of kwando flood plain entering caprivi
beacon consists of iron auger driven 140cm into ground covered by concrete slab & concrete block pillar 46cm in both height & diameter & may incorporate other markers & or additional numbers 1 & 32

022 arbocl probably unmarked if indeed ever visited at what is thought to be the more southerly of the twin summits of cerro zapaleri
best known try & photo http://translate.google.com/translate?js=y&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fviajeros.freeservers.com%2F2007-08%2Fh8_vilama3.htm&sl=es&tl=en&history_state0= 





023 arbopy on thalweg of rio pilcomayo more likely in alignment with 1939 bopy pillars i&ii than as demarcated on 1940 arbo survey map if there is a difference 
satpix showing potential discrepancy between the stipulated positions http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point/9238/ while official argentine map confirms the more northerly position 

024 arbrpy mismatched trijunction of arbr on thalweg of iguacu with brpy undefined in parana & arpy on parana median line witnessed by 3 matching obeliskoids
photo http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/HITO_de_las_tres_fronteras_ARGENTINA.JPG 





025 arbruy tripoint position on thalweg of rio uruguay opposite foot of isla brasileira is per 1927 arbr & 1961 aruy accords tho title to island is disputed by uruguay
photo of unilateral 1862 br witness monument number 13p http://www.info.lncc.br/13pe.html  brazilian sketch maps http://www.info.lncc.br/umap3e.html & http://www.info.lncc.br/uilhabe.html 
Marco 13-P (de 1862)





026 atchde hypothetical equidistant point in lake constance at roughly 47n32 9e34 rejected by austria locator map http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=47.533333,+9.566667&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=33.626896,56.513672&ie=UTF8&ll=47.525084,9.691315&spn=0.223951,0.441513&z=11 

027 atchit tripoint established at piz lad summit in 1919 has masonry marker in bedrock apparently dated 1920 tho 1924 atit & 1927 chit demarcations are known
photo http://www.vasa.abo.fi/users/rpalmber/BordersAChI.htm  point click zoom http://www.geoland.at/viewer/(johdxi45fsu0oofx0tpkgrv5)/viewer.aspx for this & all following austrian tripoints thru 034 inclusive





028 atchlin atch & chli agreements indicate the mittelgerinnes or midline of the main sluiceway at the intersecting sight line of 1955 atli markers 135 & 136
photo http://www.vasa.abo.fi/users/rpalmber/BordersALSn.htm 




029 atchlis summit of naafkopf marked whether formally or informally by cross but reportedly in process of formal monumentation or remonumentation
photo http://lh3.ggpht.com/_gzRwJ15bIrU/SPHf2str-sI/AAAAAAAAF0o/ug3WAZ7X-WU/P1020462.JPG 




030 atczde at plockenstein summit remonumented 1993
photo http://www.nicolette.dk/borderbase/tripoint.php?c1=8&c2=36&c3=55&orientation= 
Border tripoint of Austria, Czech Republic and Germany





031 atczsk probably at median junction in confluence of thaya & morava rivers based on precedent of 1928 austria czechoslovakia agreement
photo http://www.panoramio.com/photo/12055511 
Dreiländer CZ-SK-AT




032 athusi elegant monument commemorating dates of treaty of trianon & the creation of all 3 states party appears to date from early 1920s
photo http://www.nicolette.dk/borderbase/tripoint.php?c1=8&c2=65&c3=125&orientation= 
Border tripoint of Austria, Hungary and Slovenia




033 athusk tripoint position as revised by 1947 peace treaty transferring antonienhof salient from hungary to czechoslovakia photo http://static2.panoramio.com/photos/original/7561134.jpg better http://www.flickr.com/photos/28563625@N02/3942127877/sizes/o/in/set-72157622303606181/ downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--m33-36.html





034 atitsi position adjusted very slightly in 1924 at or near summit of ofen aka forno aka pec by a single marker numbered respectively xxvii over 294 & p519 & 
photo http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/20040727-59_Arnoldstein_Dreiländergrenzstein.jpg 





035 azgeru tho probably still unmarked the soviet tripoint does not appear to be in doubt even as the exact alignment of the azru convergent remains uncertain
perhaps as refected by these conflicting downloadable topos http://mapstor.com/mapstorfile.php?file=050k--k38-081-2.gif & http://mapstor.com/mapstorfile.php?file=100k--k38-081.gif

036 azirtm hypothetical equidistant point in caspian sea at roughly 38n36 51e12 rejected by iran locator map http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=38.60000,+51.20000&sll=38.634036,51.196289&sspn=4.144515,7.086182&ie=UTF8&ll=38.5997,51.196289&spn=4.146498,7.086182&z=7 

037 azirtr at thalweg junction of aras & kara su in alignment with a remote pair of 1957 irsu markers numbered 1
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/azerbaijan/100k/J-38-018.jpg 

038 azkzru hypothetical equidistant point in caspian sea at roughly 42n30 49e54 locator map http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=42.5000,+49.90000&sll=44.308127,48.482666&sspn=7.593157,14.128418&ie=UTF8&z=7 

039 azkztm hypothetical equidistant point in caspian sea at roughly 41n12 51e15 locator map http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=41.2000,+51.25000&sll=44.253069,48.482666&sspn=3.800494,7.064209&ie=UTF8&ll=41.203456,51.251221&spn=3.99196,7.064209&z=7 

040 bahrme yugoslav position possibly still unmarked about 2km north of dubravka & about 500m east of a road & likely at a high point on a ridge line
topo http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point/7665 

041 bahrrs yugoslav position probably on thalweg of sava at or very near confluence of lukavac but none of the available topos shows the critical hrrs boundary
example http://mapy.mk.cvut.cz/data/Jugoslavie-Yugoslavia/Serbia/Serbia_topo_1.100000/imagepages/image15.html 

042 bamers yugoslav position likely still unmarked if not undefined is depicted variously on maps about 5km east of metaljka at roughly 43n32 19e13
best tho borderless topo http://mapy.mk.cvut.cz/data/Jugoslavie-Yugoslavia/Cerna_Hora-Montenegro/Metaljka.jpg typical yugo border mess http://www.pressonline.com.mk/WBStorage/Files/Granica%202.jpg 

043 bdinmm possibly marked by 1894 or 1902 gb pillar number 1 & a recent bdmm pillar at a ridge junction half a mile south of reng tlang triangulation station
topo http://sunsite.berkeley.edu:8085/india/250k/nf46_10.jpg 

044 bedelu demarcated riverine condominial triline on west or right half of the river ours perpendicular to the center of the mouth of ribbach creek
photo http://www.panoramio.com/photo/5001130 
Tripoint BEDELU




045 bedenl octagonal obeliskoid monument & pavement demarcations of erstwhile quadrijunction may date respectively from 1830 & 1920 
visitation report posted by international boundaries research unit http://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/resources/drielandenpunt/  photo http://www.vasa.abo.fi/users/rpalmber/BeNeGe1.jpg 





046 befrlu at median junction of the river chiers & bruehl creek in alignment with a remote pair of befr markers numbered 1
topo http://osdir.com/ml/culture.discuss.boundary-point-point/2007-09/jpgSClGJpjD0A.jpg visitation report http://www.grenspalen.com/belux-gp001-010.html 






047 bfbjne on median line of river mekrou at n11d54m15s e2d25m10s clarke1880ellipsoid per 2005 icj bjne decision
neighborhood photo http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Mekrou_river_in_W-National_Park_MS_6380.JPG  downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--c31-03.html 
Thumbnail for version as of 10:50, 4 October 2007



048 bfbjtg probably marked by a 1912 defr pillar at point 109 in roughly 11n00 0e55 
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--c31-07.html   neighborhood photo http://www.confluence.org/photo.php?visitid=5127&pic=1 
Taken from the confluence point looking northwest





049 bfcigh on thalweg of black volta at roughly n9d29m35s w2d41m21s based on map evidence in the absence of demarcation

050 bfciml at confluence of danboro & zagoundouba forming leraba occidentale but whether at median or thalweg junction is in doubt

051 bfghtg evidently on median line of kulutamsi river at 1930 frgb pillar 148 tho the pillar itself is also described perhaps in error as marking the tripoint directly

052 bfmlne moved 10km south by 1986 icj bfml judgment to n14d54m48s e0d14m39s in the heights of ngouma 3km north of kabia ford topo http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/africa/txu-oclc-6589746-sheet12-4th-ed.jpg downloadable http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--d31-07.html changed bfml & mlne sectors http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/burkina_pol96.jpg 

053 bggrmk common marker number 1 at tumba summit 
for photo enlargement please click on 11th thumbnail at bottom here http://www.theuiaa.org/global_youth_summit.html  downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/050k--k34-094-4.html 






054 bggrtr by lausanne treaty on median of main channel of maritsa river near kavak island but possibly moved to pillar 1 upon the island by 1926 commission
ibs map & brief http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/maps/bs41.html downloadable soviet topo disagrees with ibs & places tripoint on island http://en.poehali.org/maps/050k--k35-077-4.html 

055 bgmkrs 2001 mkrs agreement fixed tripoint at 1922 bgyu marker 106 which was replaced by a tripartite marker in 2002

056 bgrors on the thalweg of the danube at the confluence of the timok hypothetically opposite the middle of its mouth since the bgrs delineation is indefinite
distant photo from right bank of timok http://www.panoramio.com/photo/3969552 downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/050k--l34-142-1.html 
Дунав 01.08.2007




057 bhqasa hypothetical equidistant maritime point at roughly 25n34 50e33 partly determined by terminal loxodrome of 2001 icj bhqa judgment locator map http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&q=25.56667,+50.550000&ie=UTF8&ll=25.482951,50.581055&spn=2.394893,3.532104&t=h&z=8 

058 bicdrw at thalweg junction of the luhwa & rusizi rivers

059 bicdtz upon the indefinite median line of lake tanganyika & the parallel of 1924 begb pillar number 1 at the mouth of ndyakalika ravine in roughly 4n25

060 birwtz at thalweg junction of mwibu & kagera rivers

061 bjneng moved in 2005 by icj bjne judgment from median line of niger river to thalweg at point 154 in n11d42m39s e3d35m18s clarke1880ellipsoid
downloadable map dated 1981 seems to have had it already on the thalweg http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--c31-04.html 

062 bobrpe at median junction of the rivers yaverija & acre
sketch map & photo with geometrical construction http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/trip.html 
Foz do Yaverija




063 bobrpy probably at thalweg junction of rio negro with rio paraguay since both bopy & bobr follow the thalwegs tho brpy is technically undelineated
photo of witness marker on right bank http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/bptrip.html & sketch map showing its relation to tripoint in river http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/bo3dd.html 
Marco Referência do Ponto Tripartite Br/Pa/Bo




064 boclpe tripartite monument at visviri in accordance with 1930 clpe protocol updating 1926 clpe marker 80 aka 1904 bocl marker 5
Tripartito




065 brcope on the thalweg of the amazon at the parallel of latitude of the center of the mouth of the quebrada santo antonio dividing leticia & tabatinga
photo with tripoint at bottom right center http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/coleti.html sketch map http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/pe2.html Letícia/Tabatinga




066 brcove by agreements fixed at the irrational triple intersection point of 2 demarcated geodesic boundary lines & the thalweg of the rio negro
sketch map http://www.info.lncc.br/ve1.html  video views of exact triarea http://tinyurl.com/m5663p  neighborhood photo http://tinyurl.com/os9qby  






067 brfrsr position on tumucumaque ridge at source of litani feeder likely named coule coule is marked by french tower & agreed by br but disputed by suriname





068 brgysr position on tumucumaque ridge at source of kutari river marked by 1939 brgb pillar 132 is disputed by suriname

069 brgyve marked position at summit of mount roraima is per brve 1931 & gbve 1905 yet disputed by venezuela
Three Points




070 btcnine indefinite position on thagla ridge on the so called line of actual control southeast of me la & north of west end of mcmahon line is rejected by china

071 btcninw indefinite position as china is pressing bhutan both diplomatically & by military patrols for control of up to 89 sq km of the doklam plateau

072 bwnaza tho map evidence indicates a marker none has been reported by visitors so tripoint in the normally dry bed of nossob river could well be unmarked






073 bwnazm as de facto bwzm frontier is far busier than nazw frontier a bwnazm trijunction is commonly presumed immediately above middle of ferry crossing
best available topo does not acknowledge bwzm & its tripoints bwnazm & bwzmzw but rather only nazw bwnazw & nazmzw http://library.wur.nl/isric/kaart/origineel/afr_zw3002_3to.jpg see also 075bwzmzw
File:KazungulaFerry.jpg





074 bwzazw probably at the median junction of the shashi & limpopo rivers but two of the convergents are not precisely delineated
topo showing boundaries running along centerlines of full river beds 4th from bottom http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point-point/336 

075 bwzmzw situation is similar to that of 073bwnazm except this trijunction is generally presumed to lie directly below the middle of the ferry crossing
boundary clarifications expected for bridge construction make it likely that the bwzmzw & bwnazm trijunctions will be supplanted in the tricountry registry by the presently unlisted bwnazw & nazmzw trijunctions

076 byltlv concrete demarcations in 6 meter neutral square near liudevinova lake appear to date from 1990s
The tripoint itself!




077 byltpl on median line of marycha river beside plsu marker pair numbered 1789






078 bylvru at median junction of neverica & zilupe rivers







079 byplua probably on median line or thalweg of bug river perpendicular to south bank of moscickogo canal near plsu marker pair numbered 1123
Border tripoint of Ukraine, Belarus and Poland





080 byruua monumental kurgan druzhby marker is centered however improbably on an unmarked & generally overlooked tripoint





081 bzgthn negotiated but still only hypothetical equidistant maritime point at roughly 15n55 88w13 based on regional facilitators proposals

082 bzgtmx marked in 2002 tho not finally agreed some 200 meters east of previously presumed position at gtmx monument 107 aka vertice aguas turbias
because the new prospective position involved a concession of error & a boundary correction & was fully consented to it seems likely to eventually become formally adopted

083 cdcfcg nominally on thalweg of ubangi at confluence of gouga & hypothetically opposite center of mouth of gouga as cfcg delineation in gouga is unspecific
also downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--a34-01.html rightly shows islands in ubangi including tripoint island named ile longue divided rather than allocated as thalweg is known to be variable

084 cdcfsd monumental 1924 befrgb rock heap on the ill defined congo nile watershed divide

085 cdrwug at summit point of mount sabinyo but probably unmonumented because numerous peak baggers have not reported seeing any markers in the mist

086 cdsdug on watershed divide but not fixed with certainty & described in uganda constitution as a point about 300 meters south of the source of the river kaia
 
087 cdtzzm probably on median line of lake tanganyika at an indeterminate position aligned with a certain lost cape akalunga & an uncertain point on lake mweru
topo gives a version but latitude has actually been stated only very roughly & to within perhaps 5 minutes as 8s15 http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/africa/txu-oclc-6589746-sheet28-7th-ed.jpg 

088 cfcgcm on lesser thalweg of sangha river at about n2d13m20s but this position is based only on inconsistent map evidence because cfcg is undemarcated
downloadable topo correctly allocates island to cameroun per 1908 defr protocol http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--a33-17.html 

089 cfcmtd on thalweg if discernible or else on median line of mbere river at a position based only on map evidence & nominally at n7d31m40s e15d29m40s

090 cfsdtd probably on median line of westward flowing tributary or headstream of the aoukale river exactly 1 kilometer east of the easternmost point of lake tizi

091 cgcmga on thalweg of river ayina if discernible but otherwise on its median line at the intersection of n2d10m20s

092 chdefr maps suggest tripoint is on thalweg rather than center line of rhein & that defr follows thalweg but chfr jogs east from center line to tripoint between 1818 chde marker pair pic of ceremonial monument with tripoint in river beyond far left http://travelguide.all-about-switzerland.info/basle/dreilandereck_9595.jpg  zoomable topo http://www.swissgeo.ch/ 




093 chfrit at a possibly unmarked ridge trijunction elev3750m just northwest of the summit of mont dolent elev3820m & generally unnoticed by peak baggers
zoomable topo http://www.swissgeo.ch/ 

094 cignlr at northwesternmost source of nuon river on crest of nimba mountains reportedly marked by a concrete post which may be a 1929 frlr pillar

095 cignml uncertain colonial position supposedly at headwaters of dougoulinfolo on baoule sankarani drainage divide & roughly n10d10m15s w7d58m40 per ibs

096 cmgagq presumably demarcated cmgc & gagq corner point joined by indefinite cmga closing segment from kye mvezeu confluence over a mile to the east 

097 cmngtd unmarked on now dry bed of lake chad & fixed by 1931 frgb agreement decisively if without regard to datum at 13n05 & yet only vaguely at 14e05 
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--d33-27.html looks equally exacting with both coordinates

098 cninmm indefinite mcmahon line position disputed by china at ridge trijunction on brahmaputra irrawaddy watershed divide directly above & north of diphu la
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--h47-32.html places de facto tripoint at east end of so called line of actual control abutting myanmar in roughly 28n13 97e21 

099 cninnpe probably unmarked summit point on jongsang peak is highest tripoint in the world at 24485 feet asl & the most agreeable of the 6 cnin trijunctions
Jongsong Peak 7463m and Kangchenjunga by John Town.




100 cninnpw unmarked ridge trijunction directly above & south of lepu lekh pass in roughly 30n12 81e02 maintained by india since 1962 but rejected by nepal

101 cninpk tho karakoram pass is often cited the actual limit of indian control is at or near sir kangri peak just above & west of indira col & siachen glacier 

102 cnkgkz probably unmarked ridge trijunction & secondary peak of khan tengri 5 km east of actual summit





103 cnkgtj probably unmarked primary summit point of zarya vostoka elev 6350m






104 cnkpru condominial triline in left half of tumen river bed at 1993 cnru marker pair 423 was negotiated in 1998 & apparently demarcated trilaterally in 1999


 

105 cnkzru at nameless probably unmarked ridge junction elev 3424m in roughly 49n07 87e17

106 cnlamm on thalweg of mekong river & watershed divide just below confluence of nan la ho

107 cnlavn first tripartite marker 2005 at summit of shiceng dashan aka khouang lashan mountain elev 1853m





108 cnmnrue first tripartite marker 1993 elevated above salt marsh on stilts





109 cnmnruw probably unmarked summit point of tavan bogd uul elev 4082m
Photo of Tavan Bogd




110 coecpe apparently agreed at thalweg junction of putumayo & gueppi rivers & witnessed by 1999 ecpe marker 206 in s0d7m10 w75d15m27





111 czdepl at the median junction of the lusatian neisse & oldrichovsky brook & thus perpendicular to the center of the mouth of the obliquely entering tributary





112 czplsk 2007 tripartite obeliskoid in mostly dry creek bed is first official demarcation
CZPLSK by krasnalpl.




113 defrlu demarcated riverine condominial triline traversing the right or eastern half of the main channel of the moselle river & a lock island & side channel





114 djeret changed by 2006 eebc paper demarcation to 1954 etfr pillar 90 at summit of musa ali from 2002 eebc dispositif position a few hundred meters east

115 djerye assuming equitable djet division of dumeira islands a hypothetical equidistant maritime tripoint should fall in bab al mandab at roughly 12n46 43e17

116 djetso evidently at the summit of madaha djalelo hill elev 492m & marked by 1953 etfr primary monument number 1

117 dzlyne in shifting dunes where normal demarcation would be impractical at n23d30m54s e11d59m54s6 elev1010m per ibs but 23n30 12e0 per soviet topo





118 dzlytn evidently at a new position between 1911 frtr pillars 220 & 221 since 1970 dztn agreement & likely also with a tall new marker spotted in satpic  
wrong or outdated topo http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/north_africa/txu-oclc-6949452-nh32-7.jpg newer better & presumably correct downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--h32-16.html 

119 dzmamr unmarked on west bank of wadi in 8w40 per ibs at n27d17m40s tho soviet topo shows 27n22 & no wadi

120 dzmlmr unmarked where oblique southern boundary of algeria crosses n25 estimated by ibs at 4w50 but shown by soviet topo at about 4w49

121 dzmlne colonial position not fixed with certainty but estimated by the ibs at n19d8m30s e4d14m30s & shown by soviet mapping at more nearly 19n8 4e15 

122 eelvru on median line of pededze river about 70 meters above laikupe confluence witnessed by eelv marker 46 plus1379 with lvru converging at about n40e 






123 egiljo hypothetical equidistant maritime tripoint at 1996 egjo terminal point mb3 in n29d27m12s1667 e34d55m16s3595 subject to egyptian concurrence


Another non-view to the South.



126 eretsd per eebc either at or opposite the center of the river setit or until demarcation its main channel in dry season at roughly n14d15m4t e36d33m6t downloadable topo suggests how far the defining khor royan confluence has migrated since the lost 1903 etsd riverbank demarcation of it http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--d37-13.html 

127 etkesd not fixed with certainty but near 1970 etke pillar d23 on shore of the former sanderson gulf of nw lake rudolf & 200 meters s of se end of okolon ridge

128 etkeso on thalweg of daua river about 450 meters above village of malca rie & opposite 1927 gbit pillar 1 on right bank

129 finoru subsequently capped by pyramid 1826 ruse cairn 353 at krokfjellet aka muotkavaara has been a tripoint since 1907 & is maintained by 1953 protocol 




130 finose artificial tripoint island in lake goldajavri surrounded by boardwalk is fino marker 294 a large concrete pedestal for a top marker dating from 1926





131 gngwsn 1906 frpt pillar 58 in n12d40m30s w13d42m30s

132 gnlrsl on center line of mouth of dundugbia stream & left or south bank of makona or moa river at or within 3 meters of 1911 gblr pillar 1 & 1913 frgb cairn xvi

133 gnmlsn where an unspecified feature of the balin ko river intersects the low crest line of the konkoniouma mountains in roughly 12n25 11w22

134 gthnsv monumented at or very near the summit of cerro monte cristo per 1936 trilateral protocol tho a nearby observation tower rises above it





135 hnnisve smaller of 2 tridominial areas of shared internal waters lies within outer gulf more than 3nm from coasts of all 3 countries per 1992 icj judgment

136 hnnisvw larger icj tridominial area straddles closing line of gulf beyond 3nm from coasts & comprises shared internal waters & shared 12nm territorial seas
downloadable topo http://en.poehali.org/maps/500k--d16-3.html discussions are under way to enlarge & combine the 2 presently separated tridominial areas into a single continuous one

137 hrhurs de facto & historic position on danube thalweg aligned with remote 1920 huyu markers 415 & 420 is disputed by croatia because yugoslav cadastral boundary was on canal beside huyu marker 465 downloadable topo showing marker positions http://en.poehali.org/maps/100k--l34-074.html 

138 hrhusi possibly disputed position in mura at former thalweg junction with kerka apparently supported by numbered hrhu & husi boundary points or markers
zoomable topo satpic combination http://www.geopedia.si/#T105_x624104_y148508_s15_b4_vF 
  
139 hritsi after considerable delay this maritime tripoint negotiated in 2001 may yet be finally agreed or modified
unusual scheme shows still unofficial position at obtuse nw angle of triangle numbered 4 http://www.lawofthesea.net/images/m_granica.jpg 

140 hurors so called triplex confinium monument position modified from its 1920 trianon position by 1923 protocol is huro & royu pillar 1 & has a detachable cap




141 huroua probably at median junction of the river tur & a tributary stream identified as the palal on soviet topo & witnessed by 1949 rosu & husu markers 1
Border tripoint of Hungary, Romania and Ukraine




142 huskua probably on median line of tisza river witnessed by skua marker pair numbered 375 if not also huua marker pair 375





143 idmysge maritime tripoint remains to be negotiated but should fall at roughly 1n16 104e7 based on extrapolations from existing agreements 

144 idmysgw maritime tripoint remains to be negotiated but should fall at roughly 1n11 103e32 based on extrapolations from existing agreements 

145 iljosy undof buffered trijunction on yarmouk river a couple hundred meters wide in between alpha & bravo lines at their place of narrowest separation

146 illbsy undof buffered trijunction along mount hermon ridge line extending about 10 miles in between alpha & bravo lines at their place of greatest separation

147 iqirtr 1914 iqir pillar 125 over 12 & or 1926 iqtr pillar 99 at source of hajji bak river on kurdistan ridge line about 2km south of dolampar or dalamper summit
urmia _ Dalamper Mountain




148 iqjosa position revised in 1984 about 12km southeast from previous position on jabal unayzah & possibly demarcated at about n32d9m30s 39e12

149 iqjosy no known marker tho ibs gives position down to the millisecond as n33d22m29s023 e38d47m33s212 without datum or explanation

150 iqkwsa marked by 1993 iqkw pillar 1 & later iqsa pillar 1 on thalweg of wadi al batin in mouth of wadi al awja at n29d06m04s2128 e46d33m10s9431 wgs84

151 iqsytr at thalweg junction of rivers chabur & tigris

152 kesdug fixed only approximately at 4n13 e33d59m30 per ibs & while soviet topo agrees with this longitude it indicates the latitude is much closer to 4n14

153 ketzug in lake victoria at 1s0 & approx 33e56 but keug resurvey & demarcation are reportedly in progress to resolve nearby migingo island dispute

154 kgkzuz soviet position at ridge junction named chatangat triangulation station was recently reaffirmed but is probably still unmarked

155 kgtjuz soviet position possibly still unmarked in roughly 40n13 70e59

156 khlath delimited at a pass on the preah or dangrek ridge from which the headstream of the tonle repou descends & demarcation was projected for 2009

157 khlavn position presumably unaltered from historic location at ridge junction was agreed in 2007 & demarcation was projected for 2009
topo http://www.rjsmith.com/tri-border-area-hcmt.html  soviet topo confirms french colonial boundary alignments & tripoint position in roughly 14n41 107e32

158 kztmuz soviet position at intersection of apparent geodesic lines on salt pan beneath chink kaplankyr is probably still unmarked at about n41d19m12s 56e0

159 lammth evidently in the narrows beside sop ruak in the so called golden triangle area at the rather gradual thalweg junction of the nam kok & mekong rivers
Thailand - Golden Triangle by Marty Johnston.





160 ltplru concrete marker witnessed when last reported only by a pair of plsu flagposts numbered 1987 tho lithuania has recently initiated discussions 








161 lynetd probably unmarkable in shifting dunes at n23 e15 but all 3 convergent boundaries are well depicted on maps & reasonably clear in practice
downloadable topos a pair http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--f33-09.html  http://en.poehali.org/maps/200k--f33-10.html last degree confluence tripoint that remains unvisited

162 lysdtd fixed by colonial convention at 19n30 24e0 & marked by a 1923 frgb cairn

163 mdrouan soviet position on thalweg of prut at roughly 45n28 28e13 aligned with & witnessed remotely by 2004 mdua marker pairs 0002 & 0001 
Border tripoint of Moldavia, Romania and Ukraine




164 mdrouas at former thalweg junction of prut & danube possibly in alignment with remote 1949 rosu markers 1335 over 36 & likely with two 2004 mdua pairs





165 mlmrsn despite faulty texts the tripoint is probably on the north or right bank of the senegal river opposite the midpoint of the mouth of the river faleme
Fleuve Senegal, Diogountouro, Guidimakha, Mauritanie by Martin Baran.





166 mwmztz in the middle of the mouth of the txuinde aka chiuindi aka kwindi river on the east shore of lake nyasa in about n11d34m30

167 mwmzzm marked by 1904 gbpt beacon 38 nominally where latitude 14s0 crosses the nyasa zambezi watershed divide most likely at about e33d14m32s

168 mwtzzm marked at summit of nankungulu hill by 1898 degb pillar 2 tho it may have been replaced by a pillar 582 or 588 of unknown origin possibly in 1935

169 mzszzan sources cite mpundweni beacon aka 1898 gbpt pillar 1 but traces of all 3 boundaries appear to converge on steep hillside a few meters northeast
49ff5410b713d04052009.jpg




170 mzszzas at intersection of thalweg or likelier median line of great usutu aka maputo river with ridge of lebombo mountains near abercorn drift topo at bottom http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point-point/336 larger topo http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/africa/txu-oclc-6589746-sheet34-5th-ed.jpg area pic http://www.freewebsite.dk/swazi/ 
49ff4fc5a8afb04052009.jpg




171 mzzazw probably at median junction of intermittent rivers pafuri & limpopo but the 3 convergent alignments require a slight additional jog to meet at a point
topo 3rd from bottom http://article.gmane.org/gmane.culture.discuss.boundary-point-point/336 solves the problem with perhaps the simplest & best possible but probably still unauthorized adjustment

172 mzzmzw at thalweg junction of zambezi & loangwa
colonial photo http://www.nrzam.org.uk/Site%20Resources/NRPhotoBook/Feira.jpg shows loangwa entering at left into zambezi as it proceeds from lower right toward the horizon




173 nengtd unmarked on the now dry bed of lake chad in roughly 13n43 13e38 subject to minor unresolved discrepancies in the coordinates cited by sources
 
174 omsaye marker circa 2005 at 19n0 52e0 wgs84 just about exactly it seems 
Ian & Sheila in Saudi, Gordon & Linda in Oman, and Mike and Be in Yemen




175 plskua late 20th century marker at ridge junction on kremenec summit  



176 rwtzug at thalweg junction of kagitumba & kagera rivers




part 2
the 26 unofficial but still effective or probable trijunctions

miscellaneous mostly de facto tripoints with territorial or country codes improvised as needed & as indicated
& numerical suffixes substituted where directional suffixes would be impractical


177 abgeru abkhazia tripoint per soviet position at gora gvandra summit
178 amaznk where karabagh held & rump azerbaijan meet armenia at an uncertain position in kalbajar rayon
179 azirnk where karabagh held & rump azerbaijan meet iran at the tripoint of zangelan & jabrayil rayons
180 cfsdss de jure south sudan with rump sudan westerly tripoint expected 2011 
181 cygbkk1 kuzey kibris aka northern cyprus with cypus & westerly dhekelia station in unficyp buffered trijunction
182 cygbkk2 easterly dhekelia station buffered trijunction
183 cygbkk3 westerly ayios nikolaos station buffered trijunction
184 cygbkk4 easterly ayios nikolaos station buffered trijunction
185 dzehma the fully encoded yet all but extinguished western sahara probability
186 eggzile formerly egilps or egilpse the major gaza probability at kerem sholom
187 eggzilw the lesser but still real gaza probability on the coast at rafah in the absence of territorial seas 
188 ethaso where rump somaliland aka hargeisa & rump somalia meet ethiopia at an uncertain position in togdheer region
189 etsdss de jure south sudan with rump sudan easterly tripoint expected 2011
190 geosrue easterly south ossetia per soviet position at ridge junction summit
191 geosruw westerly south ossetia per soviet position at ridge junction summit
192 iljowb1 formerly iljopsn the west bank corridor tripoint on upriver or actually western side of allenby bridge
193 iljowb2 formerly iljopss the west bank corridor tripoint on downriver or eastern side of allenby bridge
194 kdiqir where kurdish held iraq & the rest of iraq meet iran at the tripoint of diyala & wasit provinces
195 kdiqsy where kurdish held iraq & the rest of iraq meet syria at the tripoint of al baaj & sinjar districts of ninawa province
196 ksmers westerly kosovo & rump serbia tripoint with montenegro
197 ksmkrs easterly kosovo & rump serbia tripoint with macedonia
198 mdpdua1 westernmost pridnestrovie tripoint at soviet position on dniester thalweg
199 mdpdua2 northerly rump moldova exclave tripoint near vasilievca
200 mdpdua3 southerly rump moldova exclave tripoint near vasilievca
201 mdpdua4 southernmost pridnestrovie tripoint at soviet position on dniester thalweg
202 phtwvn hypothetical equidistant maritime tripoint at roughly 10n32 114e25 between philippine taiwanese & vietnamese held spratly islands






2009 marks year 1 of
t r i c o u n t r y
the totally revised but still impartially coded official united nations trijunction registry & yearbook

many of the 176 official & most of 26 unofficial territorial & boundary trijunctions that are registered or acknowledged here nevertheless remain practically if not utterly unknown

so great thanx & congrats are extended to the makers & presenters of all the select photos & other prized data it is our honor to have collected & represented
but especially to all those who have accomplished the premier visits & or the most punctilious ones to the respective points

all are credited by direct links to their original presentations

special multiple thanxxx however are owed to fsu
the former soviet union
not just for imploding & thus contributing more official united nations trijunctions than any other source
but particularly for providing the best & most readily available mapping for most of the world 
via the poehali site
to fsu again
but florida state university this time
for the best available set of the no less indispensable international boundary studies series 
which even the united states state department itself wont post or complete or update
finally 
to fsu yet again
but this time to the group 
friends stand united
even if only for providing the best available third fsu acronym 
which is needed to make a crowd & a charm & a triple point

because every opportunity has been taken & every effort made to simplify winnow & condense all the many sorts of pertinent data
even the sharpest readers may be puzzled on occasion by certain especially compressed or opaque passages
but if so 
then a simple explanation will usually be found ready to hand

but certainly any lingering questions as well as additions corrections suggestions etc will be much appreciated & dotingly entertained by return email

future tripoint seekers & visitors are most cordially invited to contribute best available photography & other data to future annual editions of the registry 

& states parties in particular are entreated to provide fullest available official tripoint information

thank you

be multiple & fructify

sincerely
ak for
t r i c o u n t r y


latest revision 1 october 2009