in my book on "the semantic turn," aesthetics is woven through various design processes. there are several places where you could find answers to your question first, pp. 5-6 in the transition from the design of technical products to the design of marketable products, the idea of a universal aesthetics disappeared and diverse local and group specific aesthetics emerged second, pp. 102-104, aesthetics is reframed to be part of the process of using artifacts third, pp. 136-140, aesthetic decisions are interpreted as intrinsic motivations fourth, pp. 155-162, aesthetic qualities are discussed in terms of attributions with a method for measuring aesthetic qualities presented on pp. 232-240 fifth, pp. 300-305, aesthetics and functionalism is discussed klaus krippendorff -----Original Message----- From: PhD-Design - This list is for discussion of PhD studies and related research in Design [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Sukanta Majumdar Sent: Monday, February 16, 2009 4:29 AM To: [log in to unmask] Subject: Measurement of aesthetics Dear all, ? I have one question to all of you: 1.?What is the method of standardization for?the aesthetics of a product? 2. What are the factors, those influence that decision? 3. What is the measurement Unit for aesthetics of product? 4. Is it at all possible? ? Is there anybody to say some clue in this regard? ? Thanks, ? Sukanta Majumdar