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The Shoah in Ukraine: History, Testimony, Memorialization. Edited by Ray Brandon and Wendy Lower. An in-depth study of the Holocaust in Ukraine Ukraine was once home to the largest population of Jews in the Russian Empire, and on the eve of the Nazi invasion of the USSR in 1941 it was the largest Jewish community in Europe. As such, Ukraine was one of the most important centers of Jewish life destroyed during the Holocaust. Between 1941 and 1944, some 1.4 million Jews were killed there. Yet, little is known about this chapter of Holocaust history. Drawing on new archival sources from the former Soviet Union and bringing together researchers from Ukraine, Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and the United States, The Shoah in Ukraine sheds new light on the critical themes of perpetration, collaboration, Jewish-Ukrainian relations, testimony, rescue, and Holocaust remembrance in Ukraine. Contributors are Andrej Angrick, Omer Bartov, Karel C. Berkhoff, Ray Brandon, Martin Dean, Dennis Deletant, Frank Golczewski, Alexander Kruglov, Wendy Lower, Dieter Pohl, and Timothy Snyder. Ray Brandon, a freelance editor, translator, and researcher based in Berlin, is a former editor at Frankfurter Allegemeine Zeitung, English edition. Wendy Lower is Assistant Professor of History at Towson University in Maryland and Research Fellow at Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany. She is author of Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine. Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Table of Contents List of Maps Acknowledgments Introduction / Ray Brandon and Wendy Lower 1. The Murder of Ukraine's Jews under German Military Administration and in the Reich Commissariat Ukraine / Dieter Pohl 2. The Life and Death of Western Volhynian Jewry, 1921-1945 / Timothy Snyder 3. Shades of Grey: Reflections on Jewish-Ukrainian and German-Ukrainian Relations in Galicia / Frank Golczewski 4. Transnistria and the Romanian Solution to the "Jewish Problem" / Dennis Deletant 5. Annihilation and Labor: Jews and Thoroughfare IV in Central Ukraine / Andrej Angrick 6. "In him lies the weight of the entire administration": Nazi Civilian Rulers and the Holocaust in Zhytomyr / Wendy Lower 7. Soviet Ethnic Germans and the Holocaust in the Reich Commissariat Ukraine, 1941-1944 / Martin Dean 8. Jewish Losses in Ukraine, 1941-1944 / Alexander Kruglov 9. Dina Pronicheva's Story of Surviving the Babi Yar Massacre: German, Jewish, Soviet, Russian, and Ukrainian Records / Karel C. Berkhoff 10. White Spaces and Black Holes: Eastern Galicia's Past and Present / Omer Bartov Map Sources Selected Supplemental Bibliography Contributors Index