Robert Bresson is a unique example of an all time great film director who demonstrated that 'cinematography' (as opposed to what he termed theatrical 'cinema') did not not require actors to play parts. As there were no parts there was no learning of parts. For the film 'By Chance, Balthazar' the casting director got him a circus trained donkey to play the part of Balthazar. After finding the donkey a ham Bresson immediately sent the professional animal packing and called for a non-actor donkey - an untrained soul! Great films are possible without actors, but not without directors.-RK * * Film-Philosophy salon After hitting 'reply' please always delete the text of the message you are replying to. To leave, send the message: leave film-philosophy to: [log in to unmask] Or visit: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/film-philosophy.html For help email: [log in to unmask], not the salon. * Film-Philosophy journal: http://www.film-philosophy.com Contact: [log in to unmask] **