Fumiko, I'm not convinced that this outcome is primarily due to the mismatch between the characteristics of your study population and the template (although it might be aggravated by it): Is it possible that you didn't set the origin before preprocessing the data? In our experience the unified segmentation approach is pretty vulnerable to end up with such deformed results if you don't give the program a reasonable starting point. Assuming that the data quality is o.k., my best guess would be: reset the origin to AC, rerun data preprocessing for these subjects, and you're done. If you work with very large sample sizes: Christian Gaser's wrote a tool to check for sample inhomogenities of segmentation results that proved to be very useful in this context. My colleague Fabio Sambataro adapted the code so that it runs under SPM5, and added some other useful features ([log in to unmask]). Best, Heike Heike Tost, M.D. Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Research Fellow Unit for Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry Genes, Cognition, and Psychosis Program National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health 10-3C103, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Phone: 301-594-9514, Fax: 301-480-0169 ________________________________ From: Fumiko Hoeft [mailto:[log in to unmask]] Sent: Tuesday, April 24, 2007 2:56 PM To: [log in to unmask] Subject: [SPM] VBM5 problem in young children Dear experts, We are performing VBM5 (Dr. Christian Gasser's scripts) in SPM5. The ages of the subjects are 1-3 years old. The segmented images come out like this (please see attached jpg of brains with modulation, segmentation and normalization applied; the left brain is the one with the problem, the right brain is for comparison). Can you give us some suggestions on how we can improve the segmentation? Thank you in advance. Best, Fumiko -- Fumiko Hoeft, MD, PhD Stanford University School of Medicine Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research 401 Quarry Rd. Stanford CA USA 94305-5795 Tel: +1 (650) 245-7016 Fax: +1 (650) 724-4794 Email: [log in to unmask] ----- CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: Information contained in this message and any attachments is intended only for the addressee(s). If you believe that you have received this message in error, please notify the sender immediately by return electronic mail, and please delete it without further review, disclosure, or copying.