Didn't Bakhtin arrive earlier? I know his ideas are usually applied to fiction and not poetry, but Robert Crawford wrote a very interesting essay applying Bakhtininan ideas to MacDiarmid's *Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle*, highlighting the interplay of multiple voices. (It's in *Identifying Poets*, EUP circa 1993) P -----Original Message----- From: Poetryetc provides a venue for a dialogue relating to poetry and poetics [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Dominic Fox Sent: 07 April 2006 13:59 To: [log in to unmask] Subject: Re: Stanza lecture Geoffrey Hill puts it fairly simply (for him): voicing is hearing. His "voice" is a re-voicing of other voices (you get into infinite regress here if you're not careful; although maybe that's the point), a re-articulation of their endless (and limitlessly cranky) dispute. Dominic