We used Matthew Brett's method, as published in NeuroImage: Brett M, Leff AP, Rorden C, Ashburner J. Spatial normalization of brain images with focal lesions using cost function masking. Neuroimage. 2001 Aug;14(2):486-500. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11467921 It worked well for us, the papers are submitted at present. We didn't do VBM, but instead calculated lesion overlap ratios. I'm not sure with respect to VBM if this is what you want. Good luck, Bas -----Oorspronkelijk bericht----- Van: SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) [mailto:[log in to unmask]]Namens Yong Zhang Verzonden: woensdag 26 januari 2005 21:46 Aan: [log in to unmask] Onderwerp: [SPM] Spatial normalization with the existence of brain lesion Dear SPMers: Currently I am working on a VBM project comparing childhood brain tumor survivors with normal controls. The lesion region resulting from resection caused distortion during spatial normalization. To solve this problem, one methos is to use affine registration only and the other is to mask out the lesion region. I am wondering if there is any other solution for this problem. I searched the SPM achives, but very few documents were found for this issue. Where can I find more sources for this problem? Thanks a lot! Yong