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On 11/7/05 1:46 PM, "Filippo A. Salustri" <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > Put another way, the situation is the operating environment into which > the designers add some artefact, for the sake of causing a change in > that environment. Fil, I don't believe a designer has to add an artifact to an environment in order to transform it (assuming you mean artifact as "object"). The word "situation" is better than "context", or even "circumstances" because context often involves what went before and what follows, while circumstances are attributes of a situation. A situation, in my view, is what is focused on by design, whether to understand it (research) or transform it (design). A "situation" is not an object or an environment it is the focus of an intention, and constrained (given focus and scope) by the intention. It may persist over time until the intention is resolved. At least that is what I think. Best regards, Chuck -- Dr. Charles Burnette 234 South Third Street Philadelphia, Pa 19106 + 215 629 1387 [log in to unmask]