The pin technique reduced credit card fraud significantly in France when it was introduced some 15-20 years ago. One of the main benefits of the new system is supposed to be that the credit card never leaves ones site. This is particularly suite to transactions in places such as restaurants where, in the past, cards have easily been skimmed. David Aspinall Datum Solutions Limited ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ All archives of messages are stored permanently and are available to the world wide web community at large at http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/data-protection.html If you wish to leave this list please send the command leave data-protection to [log in to unmask] All user commands can be found at : - http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/help/commandref.htm (all commands go to [log in to unmask] not the list please) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^