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Martin Ball wrote: >I am looking for an example of a language that uses CV19 (reversed-e) or a >quality near to it (half-high, unrounded central vowel). If anyone knows >of such, could they let me know the language name, and preferably a word >in IPA using the vowel, with a translation into English of the sample word. English (RP etc) schwa in certain environments would seem to qualify. Namely, when not word-final, so e.g. in 'along, letters, standard, today'. Daniel Jones in his Outline of English Phonetics locates his "schwa-sub-1" exactly at this node of the vowel quadrilateral (section 356, page 92 in the 1957 edition). John Wells