At 05:03 13/06/03 -0400, Dan wrote: >Why does Moore's film have such a bad reputation? In a review for a = >proposed book on Ethics and Film, one of my readers said that Bowling = >for Columbine is so inaccurate and manipulative that it should be ruled = >out for pedagogical use. Gary replied: I repeat what I said in my earlier post - the challenge that Moore represents in theoretical terms is quite complex. Roger and Me manipulates time sequences to convey an absolute truth that American Capital does not care about the American community. This brings us close to Walter Benjamin's point that the meaning of life is not available empirically. It requires an act of imagination often to uncover the truth. Yes, it's clear that Moore does not wish to pretend that his viewpoint is the objective truth, and therefore the only truth---but this is not epistemic hesitation, it's manipulation of the facts, plain and simple---though I don't see a problem with that, since what he did is neither grossly misleading nor damaging. For example, the footage of the NRA rallies he showed where Heston was exuberantly shouting, "From my cold, dead hands!" was not from the rally in a city where there had recently been a school shooting. The rally at Columbine was much smaller (though this doesn't excuse them from having it). And the quote itself is out of context, since someone in the audience reportedly shouted that they wanted his gun, to which Heston replied "from my cold, dead hands". So of course this is a bit misleading, since he's jacking up the shock value quite a lot. But that was a lesser blow to Heston than the non-manipulated interview with him at the end of the film. Moore never shows only "his version", though---he is always in the realm of nonfiction. But we must remember that fiction is not the only thing structured by ideology. Sarah Barmak [log in to unmask] University of Toronto