Hargraves Gary writes: > Secondly, I would *postulate* (without setting up to test - which > you might do) that unless there *was indeed* an ONLY in both > Modules B_1 and B_2 of your hypothetical example, *and* the > contents of those two were mutually exclusive; the dual usage in > Module C would be give errors on compilation. No. See Giles' reply. This does not count as duplicate declaration. If there is a contradiction (namely if you end up telling it that a single name represents 2 different things in the same scope), then you'll have a problem, but this case isn't a contradiction - you just have two different sources of the same information (that the name in question is in the original module). Note that it is ok to end up having 2 names for the same thing (by rename); the only problem is if one name represents 2 different things. If code like yours wasn't allowed, then life would be awkward for some things. -- Richard Maine | Good judgment comes from experience; [log in to unmask] | experience comes from bad judgment. | -- Mark Twain