I bring your attention to P.67 of Simonds 1854 The age of ox, sheep and pig, who writes:- 'With increasing evidence of a speedy fall of the middle incisors, we arrive at one year and nine months. At this time the central incisors are often removed by the permanent. This change is generally observed in animals whose vigour of constitution and power of arriving at maturity has been aided by a liberal diet. It is therefore that we see it principally among our competing breeds of Short-horns, Herefords and Devons. Such cases, however, are met with in other breeds, and even more frequently than is generally supposed'. To my mind, a beautiful writing style as well as informative. He does go on to say that in some cattle these permanent incisors do not show until 2 years. The second pair are then 'cut' at about 2 years and a quarter, the third by 2 years and three quarters and the fourth pair by 3 years and a quarter. I hope this helps All the best Kevin Kevin Rielly Archaeozoologist Museum of London Specialist Services Tel: 020 7566 9332 Fax: 020 7490 3955 [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> http://www.molss.org.uk