Dear SPMers We have a pre-/post-treatment SPECT analysis with 3 subject groups: controls (2 scans each), patients who responded to treatment (3 scans each: pre- and post- treatment and long-term follow-up) and patients who didn't respond (2 scans each: pre- and post-treatment). We have in addition a set of pre-treatment scans for other patients whose response to treatment is unkown for varying reasons. We have currently set up a multi-group multi-condition model using only controls and patients of known response. This allows us, among other things, to compare post-treatment responders to post-treatment non-responders. There is a debate whether to include the scans of the patients of unknown response as a separate, 4th group, since some members of our group suggest this would increase the statistical power of the analysis in the comparison of all patients' pre-treatment scans to controls. Please does anyone have an opinion as to whether this would be a sensible thing to do? Does the definition of a separate block for this group of subjects, according to the GLM, hypothesise that this group of patients has a unique pattern of perfusion different to those of the other 3 groups? Might it weaken the statistics of the other 2 patient groups? The alternative is to retain the current model (3 groups only) and additionally set up a separate design containing only 2 blocks: 1st scans of controls, and 1st scans of all patients (including the mixed group). With many thanks for any comments, Hava -- ************************************************************************************ Hava Lester, PhD [log in to unmask] +972 (0)2 677 7148 home: [log in to unmask] +972 (0)2 567 0778 Dept Med Biophysics & Nucl Medicine, Hadassah Hospital, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel