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GRR Seminar
8th March 2002, Rm 336, 13:00-14:30

‘truth-telling’ narratives? feminism and ‘third world women’

Amina Yaqin
South Asia Department, SOAS

Chandra Mohanty in her seminal essay ‘Under Western Eyes’ has alerted us to
the unequal power dynamic of a universal feminism which speaks on behalf of
sisters in struggle from all parts of the world.  In the Zed Press ‘Women in
the Third World’ series, authored by feminists, ‘who identify themselves as
culturally or geographically from the west’, Mohanty assesses a ‘colonialist
move’ in feminism which is enunciated from the west and claims to speak for
the East (Mohanty 1994: 199).  The problem in Mohanty’s analysis, as
identified by Sara Suleri, is that it is premised on the politics of
authenticity (Suleri 1994: 247).  Suleri’s own recommendation for
postcolonial feminism is to focus on ‘lived experience’.  Putting theory
into practice, she points to Pakistani women and their encounter with
Islamic law as an example of how lived experience may be determined by
external factors outside autobiography.

I will argue that while both these arguments offer useful insights for
decoding the agenda of an international feminism they also advocate an
autobiographical activist third world feminist narrative as the ideal
solution.  To problematise the issue, I will refer in detail to the poetry,
autobiography, and travel narratives of the Pakistani Urdu writer Kishwar
Naheed.  Naheed’s poetry and prose is caught between two worlds, her
authentic voice as a Pakistani woman and her broader outlook as an
international feminist. In Naheed’s own words her story has been layered
with different voices such as Malaqa, Layla, Zarin Taj, Mira Bai, Sana,
Yashodra, Virginia Woolf, Sylvia Plath and many others.  Her central theme
remains the search for a feminist poetics for her community. Essentially her
writing proffers a case for a pluralistic discourse of feminisms which
cannot be tied to any one location or a singular authentic story.





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