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medieval-religion: Scholarly discussions of medieval religion and culture Today (29. September) is the feast day of: Michael, Gabriel, and Raphel. Since 1969, the three archangels have been celebrated together on this day. The use of this date goes back for Michael to Pope Leo I, who dedicated a church to Michael in Rome on this day. While there has been a popular cult of Michael since early times (Michael appeared in 495 to shepherds at Monte Sant' Angelo in Apulia, leading to the spread of his cult in the West), feasts of Gabrial and Raphael were only established by Pope Benedict XV (1914-1922). Theodota of Thrace (d. 318) According to legend, Theodota was a prostitute in Thrace. She was arrested for her Christian beliefs, and refused to foreswear them, so was executed. Liutwin (d. 717/718) Liutwin was a member of the high Frankish nobility. After holding several government positions, he succeeded his uncle as bishop of Trier in 705. He probably also later held the bishoprics of Rheims and Laon. [Can anybody comment on the truth or legality of this pluralism in the eighth century?] Mauritius of Carnoet (blessed) (d. 1191) Mauritius was a Breton who became a Cistercian. In 1147 he became abbot of Langonnet and in 1171 founded the daughter house of Carnoet. He was credited with many miracles. His cult was approved in 1869. Charles of Blois (blessed) (d. 1364) Charles, the son of the count of Blois and of Margarete of Valois, was born in 1319. In 1341 he married the heiress of the duchy of Brittany, and became duke. Until his death in 1364 (he fell in the battle of Auray), Charles fought for his claim to the duchy, which was also claimed by Jean de Montfort (who was allied with England), spending nine years in the Tower of London. He also won a reputation for care of the poor, and was a great promoter of the Franciscan order. His cult was approved in 1904. Jan Dukla (d. 1484) Jan was born in Dukla (Poland) in 1414. He entered the Franciscan order and became a great popular preacher in Poland, even though for the majority of his adulthood he was blind. The people loved him and a popular cult developed after his death. He was canonized in 1997. Dr. Phyllis G. Jestice [log in to unmask] ********************************************************************** To join the list, send the message: join medieval-religion YOUR NAME to: [log in to unmask] To send a message to the list, address it to: [log in to unmask] To leave the list, send the message: leave medieval-religion to: [log in to unmask] In order to report problems or to contact the list's owners, write to: [log in to unmask] For further information, visit our web site: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/medieval-religion.html