hi all, i have a question about conjunctions that i'm sure has been tackled before, but i can't seem to find the answer. i have two contrasts across four conditions and all four conditions are in every session: task1hit task1miss task2hit task2miss 1 -1 0 0 1 1 -1 -1 in terms of anova, my understanding is that these two contrasts are mutually orthogonal in that the rows sum to 0 and the products of the columns also sum to zero. however when i select these two contrasts in spm99 on the individual in order to get the conjunction, it orthogonalizes one with respect to the other. my question is why is it doing this given that they are already orthogonal....or are they not? thanks. -ian. *************************** Ian G. Dobbins MGH-NMR Center Bldg. 149, 13th Street Charlestown, MA 02129 (ph) 617-724-9989 (fax) 617-724-7422 [log in to unmask]