A good example of medieval art criticism is to be found in the writtings
of Lucas, bishop of Tui, who showed his desapproval of some iconographical
'novelties', such as the Gothic crucifix with three nails, which he
considered was a cathar invention. Ironically enough, he has one of them in
the facade of his cathedral (considered, btw, the first Gothich Spanish
portal).
See:
GILBERT, C., "A Statement of the Aesthetic Attitude around 1230", Hebrew
University Studies in Literature and the Arts, XIII (1985), pp. 125-152
and:
MORALEJO ALVAREZ, S., "D. Lucas de Tuy y la "actitud estetica" en el
arte medieval", Euphrosyne, 22 (1994), pp. 341-46. This last scholar
suggested that in the 13th-century "copy" of the Santiago Portico de la
Gloria at Ourense cathedral the Trnitas Paternitas was avoided probably due
to bishop Lucas criticism ("El 1 de abril de 1188. Marco historico y
contexto liturgico en la obra del Portico de la Gloria, in: El Portico de la
Gloria. Musica, arte y pensamiento, Santiago de Compostela, Xunta de
Galicia, 1988, pp. 19-36)
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