Dear Nathan, > I have a very general question. I know there are problems associated > with mixing condition and covariate effects within the same contrast, > however, is it politically correct to conjunct a condition effect with > a covariate effect separately? I am sure this is politically correct (you are testing for a conjunction of significances as opposed to testing a linear compound of effects that may be scaled very differently). I hope this helps - Karl %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%