Hi Yanjun, I have never used single subject analysis for my own data but I read about it on Matthew Brett his page. http://www.mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk/Imaging/ and then the chapter 'Introduction to SPM statistics' There a single subject study is discussed with a contrast not adding up to zero, it says (just below the first figure): "This is a single subject PET analysis, with covariates only, using proportional scaling and all the usual SPM96 defaults. I have selected the 12 files for this subject in scan order (1 to 12); for the covariate I entered the numbers for Task Difficulty that you see in the tables below. I asked for a single contrast, which was '1' (see below). If you would like to, and you have SPM96 (or 99) you can reproduce the analysis." Perhaps that page helps? Regards, Simone Reinders. ------ > Dear SPMers, > I'm doing some correlation analysis between PET images and clinic data. I > select " Single subject: Covariates only". According to the content in Page > 22 in Ch3.pdf of notes97, some contrasts with only +1 or -1 associated to > interested covariates should be proper selection. While SPM can only accept > contrasts summing up to zero. So, how to create the contrast for such case? > Thanks a lot. > Sincerely, > Yanjun %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%