Christopher Mawhood wrote:
>
> Dear List
>
> I am a new non-academic member but with
> a lifelong interest in border questions.
>
> Please can I suggest to you some anomalies in Europe
> which after searching your database I do not believe
> have yet arisen in list discussions.
>
> 1. Campione d'Italia inside the Swiss canton of Ticino
> (well known to us chartered accountants
> as a tax haven)
>
> Please try http://www.escapeartist.com/library/article3.htm
>
> 2. Spanish Llivia inside France near Puigcerda since the Romans
> and famous for its musical concerts
>
> Please try http://www.geosys.com/cgi-bin/genobject/spain_llivia/tig9a21
>
> 3. Busingen/Buesingen with umlaut over the "u" inside the Swiss canton of
> Schaffhausen. This is actually an inner suburb of Schaffhausen and
> while part of Deutschland
> is administered by Switzerland for customs purposes but by Deutschland
> for corporate/income tax purposes following a treaty of 1964 between
> CH and DBR.
>
> Sorry but the only relevant websites are in Deutsch
>
> These anomalies including that of Baarle Nassau/Baarle Hertog
> all seem to have arisen from property transactions in our eurpoean
> past
>
> Any comments please.
>
> And any anomalies I have not yet spotted ?
>
> Regards Christopher Mawhood
Dear Mr. Mawhood,
Your list of anomalies suggests that you may have seen the following
article: G.W.S. Robinson, "Exclaves", Annals of the Association of
American Geographers, Vol. 49, No. 3 (September 1959), pp. 283-295; see
especially maps on p. 285. All four of the anomalies you mention are
featured on that page. They are what Robinson calls "normal enclaves".
He goes on to detail eight "pene-enclaves"--those that are cut off from
the main country not by the border but by difficulties of access often
due to the terrain; two "quasi-enclaves"--which do not function as such
today; one "virtual enclave"--the Vatican City State; and two "temporary
enclaves"--West Berlin and Mount Scopus.
If you haven't seen this article, I think you will find it enjoyable and
informative.
Regards,
Brad Thomas
International Boundary Consultants
Washington, DC
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