Here are some references:
Authors
Weston P. Lear J.
Institution
Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK.
Title
Gliomatosis cerebri or benign intracranial hypertension?.
Source
Postgraduate Medical Journal. 71(836):380-1, 1995 Jun.
Abstract
Benign intracranial hypertension is a condition of obscure aetiology
which
presents with episodic headaches and nausea. It is a diagnosis based
on
the exclusion of other intracranial pathology and computed tomography
is
usually normal. We present a case of gliomatosis cerebri which was
initially diagnosed and treated as benign intracranial hypertension.
Authors
Vassallo M. Allen S.
Institution
Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Royal Bournemouth Hospital,
Dorest, UK.
Title
An unusual cause of dementia.
Source
Postgraduate Medical Journal. 71(838):483-4, 1995 Aug.
Abstract
Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare cerebral tumour that presents with
personality and mental state changes. Diagnosis can be very difficult
and
many times is made at post mortem. We describe a 63-year-old man who
presented initially with depression that merged into a
schizophrenia-like
illness, and who developed progressive dementia prior to his death.
Two
computed tomography (CT) scans of the brain were normal and the
diagnosis
of gliomatosis cerebri was made at post mortem. The progressively
changing
mental state was suggestive of an organic cause of his illness. Since
this
tumour may not be detected by a CT scan, a magnetic resonance imaging
scan
with T2-weighted images with spin echo sequences of the brain should
be
performed. Prognosis is very poor but diagnosis is important to plan
tumour may not be detected by a CT scan, a magnetic resonance imaging
scan
with T2-weighted images with spin echo sequences of the brain should
be
performed. Prognosis is very poor but diagnosis is important to plan
terminal care. The patient described was unusual because he was older
than
most people with this tumour, and he presented with psychiatric
symptoms
which were thought to be non-organic for almost two years.
Authors
Jennings MT. Frenchman M. Shehab T. Johnson MD. Creasy J. LaPorte
K.
Dettbarn WD.
Institution
Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville,
USA.
Title
Gliomatosis cerebri presenting as intractable epilepsy during early
childhood. [Review]
Source
Journal of Child Neurology. 10(1):37-45, 1995 Jan.
Abstract
We review 160 cases of gliomatosis cerebri from the literature and
report
an additional three infants and young children who presented with
intractable epilepsy, corticospinal tract deficits, and developmental
delay in whom a pathologic diagnosis was made. The progressive nature
of
the encephalopathy in our cases was documented by serial clinical
examination, electroencephalograms, magnetic resonance imaging, and
positron emission tomographic scans. The natural history of
gliomatosis
cerebri was determined by a retrospective review of the literature of
160
cases in 85 reports. The most common neurologic symptoms and signs
included corticospinal tract deficits (58%), dementia/mental
retardation
(44%), headache (39%), seizures (38%), cranioneuropathies (37%),
increased
intracranial pressure (34%), and spinocerebellar deficits (33%). The
most
commonly involved central nervous system structures were the centrum
semiovale and cerebrum (76%), mesencephalon (52%), pons (52%),
thalamus
(43%), basal ganglia (34%), and the cerebellum (29%). Fifty-two
percent of
patients were dead within 12 months of onset. Different grades of
glial
neoplasm may also coexist within gliomatosis cerebri such as
astrocytoma
with anaplastic astrocytoma, atypical or anaplastic oligodendroglioma,
and
glioblastoma multiforme. Hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of
gliomatosis cerebri include blastomatous dysgenesis, diffuse
infiltration,
gliomatosis cerebri include blastomatous dysgenesis, diffuse
infiltration,
multicentric origin, in situ proliferation, and "field
transformation."
The biologic determinants of whether a transformed glial cell behaves
as a
relatively localized tumor mass or truly loses anchorage dependence to
become migratory as well as proliferative are not understood.
[References:
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