Dear all,
one point should be clear: considering thermal expansion and
compressibility of quartz vs garnet, a quartz inclusion in garnet CANNOT
convert to coesite upon increasing P and T. Trapped as quartz, it
remains quartz, as examplified by UHP metapelitic garnets having quartz
inclusions in their core and coesite inclusions in their rim.
I do agree that garnet formation upon increasing P and T, especially at
low T, may be more substantial than stated in the initial message. Yet,
there is some truth in the concern expressed in that message: coesite
inclusions in garnet are seldom abundant; actually they are profuse only
in the Dora-Maira whiteschits, in pyrope crystals that formed, together
with coesite, from talc+kyanite (in a coesite matrix), therefore a case
where most of the garnet growth took place in the coesite field.
Kind regards
Christian
---
Christian Chopin [log in to unmask]
Laboratoire de Géologie
Ecole normale supérieure - CNRS UMR8538
24 rue Lhomond
75231 PARIS CEDEX 05
France
Le 2022-06-30 20:19, Bruce Yardley a écrit :
> Hi Martin, Pavel and all
> This is a very interesting observation. Even if some garnet does grow
> at ultra high-P it still would not account for coesite through the
> bulk of the garnet. My suggestion, for what it's worth, is that garnet
> may have recrystallised completely at ultra high-P so that the present
> grains contain both old garnet material and any new material generated
> at ultra high-P. We see this phenomenon in migmatite restites, where
> garnets can be texturally quite different from those formed before the
> onset of melting, still present at lower grade. I have also seen
> examples where plagioclase in pelites completely recrystallised into
> large porphyroblasts at the staurolite-out isograd, although the modal
> abundance only increased very slightly. In these cases,
> recrystallisation accompanies reactions that that involve a lot of the
> rock and release fluid or melt. Can you say whether the
> coesite-bearing garnet grains last formed while some other reaction
> was going on, even if it did not generate much new garnet? At UHP
> conditions alumiosilicates are much more soluble and this may make
> recrystallisation easier.
> Good wishes
> Bruce
>
> Bruce Yardley
> Emeritus Professor
> School of Earth and Environment
> University of Leeds
> Leeds LS2 9JT
> UK
> Tel: +44(0)7745 132560
>
> https://www.lakedistrictgeology.co.uk/
>
> -------------------------
>
> FROM: Metamorphic Studies Group <[log in to unmask]> on
> behalf of Pavel Pitra <[log in to unmask]>
> SENT: 30 June 2022 17:48
> TO: [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]>
> SUBJECT: Re: [geo-metamorphism] how do coesite inclusions end up in
> garnet?
>
> Hi Martin and all,
>
> I would tend to agree with Jarek that quartz inclusions may have
> difficulties to convert to coesite, in particular if the excursion to
> the coesite stability field is only of limited "extent" (both in time
> and PT terms).
>
> On the other hand, I would at least partly disagree with the statement
>
> that "For a wide range of bulk compositions, mineral equilibria
> modelling suggests garnet modes are generally quasi invariant above
> about 2.4 GPa for a range of rocks types".
>
> This is true for eclogite-facies conditions (at least for metabasic
> rocks). However, at lower temperatures garnet can definitely grow with
>
> increasing temperature, in particular in the lawsonite stability field
>
> (both in metapelitic and metabasic rocks), and even more so close to
> the
> upper T limit of lawsonite. This is nicely shown in Fig. 10 of Paola
> Manzotti's recent paper on a new, cold, coesite-bearing unit in the
> Dora-Maira massif
> (https://eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs00410-022-01923-8&data=05%7C01%7CB.W.D.Yardley%40leeds.ac.uk%7Ce1d0b185a7a4466f146f08da5ab881f3%7Cbdeaeda8c81d45ce863e5232a535b7cb%7C1%7C0%7C637922045749071871%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=PUWEOs2qLqoVInSpgmct6X%2BQMbS7%2FLD0XmONv8FcvLk%3D&reserved=0).
>
> So I believe the PT path of the rocks can play an important role, and
> perhaps at least some of the coesite-bearing rocks went through the
> HP-LT conditions before the eclogite-facies peak. (That's why looking
> at
> the prograde PT paths is so important)
>
> Cheers,
>
> Pavel
>
> On 30/06/2022 18:02, Jaroslaw Majka wrote:
>> Hi Martin,
>>
>> To follow up, I would ask even more straightforward (provocative?)
>> question, namely whether quartz actually ever converts into coesite
> if
>> captured at low P or no?
>>
>> My observations from various UHP rocks and some reading I have done
>> suggest that coesite should/would be a newly formed phase rather
> than a
>> pseudopmorph.
>>
>> Best,
>> Jarek
>>
>> Sent from my iPhone
>>
>>> On 30 Jun 2022, at 17:46, Martin Hand <[log in to unmask]>
> wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Hi folks,
>>>
>>> I’d be interested in your collective thoughts about coesite
> inclusions
>>> in garnet.
>>>
>>> For a wide range of bulk compositions, mineral equilibria modelling
>
>>> suggests garnet modes are generally quasi invariant above about 2.4
>
>>> GPa for a range of rocks types. Therefore in general, garnet
>>> shouldn’t be able to capture coesite in an equilibrium system..
>>>
>>> So unless garnet nuceation is radically overstepped, the presence
> of
>>> coesite in garnet means captured quartz had to convert to coesite
>>> after inclusion in garnet (?).
>>>
>>> If quartz inclusions in garnet convert to coesite, presumably
> garnet
>>> needs to deform (contract) to accommodate the c. 10% quartz to
> coesite
>>> volume change. So maybe(?) some of the ubiquitous fractures in
> high-P
>>> garnets are prograde strains.
>>>
>>> However looking in places like the Western Gneiss Complex, it seems
>
>>> that only an extremely small fraction of quartz inclusions in
> garnet
>>> converted to coesite (based on the prevalence of quartz inclusions
>>> that show no microstructural evidence they were ever coesite).
>>>
>>> I guess a caveat to the bracketed statement is that coesite to
> quartz
>>> microstructures and their garnet host may have annealed, obscuring
> the
>>> former presence of abundant coesite. However the apparent paucity
> of
>>> evidence for coesite in the WGC (for example) seems logical,
> because
>>> the garnet load forms well down-P of coesite-in.
>>>
>>> Some papers demonstrate quartz in garnet can metastably persist
> above
>>> coesite-in. Perhaps this is generally the case and conversion of
>>> quartz inclusions in garnet to coesite is the exception rather than
>
>>> the rule.
>>>
>>> I’m interested in what people think.
>>>
>>> martin
>>>
>>> Martin Hand
>>>
>>> Department of Earth Sciences
>>>
>>> University of Adelaide
>>>
>>> Phone: +61 (0)419 314 306
>>>
>>>
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