bims-librar Biomed News on Biomedical librarianship
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Issue of 2020‒11‒22 │
ten papers selected by │
Thomas Krichel (Open Library │
Society) │
http://e.biomed.news/librar │
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1. A clinical librarian in a hospital critical care unit may generate a
positive return on investment.
2. Searching PubMed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
3. Predictive article recommendation using natural language processing
and machine learning to support evidence updates in domain-specific
knowledge graphs.
4. An evaluation of two commercial deep learning-based information
retrieval systems for COVID-19 literature.
5. Why the tremendous potential of uploading health educational material
on medical institutions' website remains grossly underutilized in the era
of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
6. Interventions to support consumer evaluation of online health
information credibility: A scoping review.
7. WikiPathways: connecting communities.
8. Intergenerational Online Health Information Searching and Brokering:
Framing Health Literacy as a Family Asset.
9. An exploration of information seeking behavior among persons living
with spinal cord injury in Switzerland.
10. The Readability of Online Educational Materials for Femoroacetabular
Impingement Syndrome.
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Health Info Libr J. 2020 Nov 16.
1. A clinical librarian in a hospital critical care unit may generate a
positive return on investment.
Hartfiel N, Sadera G, Treadway V, Lawrence C, Tudor Edwards R
BACKGROUND: Timely information provided by clinical librarians can
contribute to outcomes such as improved patient care and time savings for
hospital staff. What is unknown is the return on investment (ROI) of a
clinical librarian on a critical care unit.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the ROI, from the employer
perspective, of placing a clinical librarian in a critical care unit in a
large UK acute hospital.
METHODS: Using a mixed methods approach, ROI was estimated by comparing the
total costs with the total monetised benefits of implementing the clinical
librarian intervention. Total costs included salary and equipment costs.
Total monetised benefits included time saving for hospital staff, support
for professional development and improved patient care.
RESULTS: When total monetised benefits were compared with total costs, the
15-month clinical librarian intervention generated a positive ROI of
£1.18-£3.03 for every £1 invested.
DISCUSSION: Using outcome measures derived from previous research, this
novel study generated promising results indicative for commissioners seeking
to improve patient care and deliver value for money. To improve
generalisability, multisite studies using standardised ROI tools are
recommended.
CONCLUSION: Employing a clinical librarian in a critical care unit can
generate a positive ROI.
Keywords: National Health Service(NHS); consultants; costs and cost
analysis; evidence-based practice; information services; knowledge
transfer; knowledge translation; librarians, clinical; library and
information professionals; nurses
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12332
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33196136
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Oct 24.
2. Searching PubMed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Lazarus JV, Palayew A, Rasmussen LN, Andersen TH, Nicholson J, Norgaard O
BACKGROUND: Since it was declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020, the novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has dominated headlines around the world and
generated thousands of scientific articles. The fast speed of publication
has challenged researchers and other stakeholders to keep up with the volume
of published articles. To search for the literature effectively, researchers
use databases such as PubMed.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of different searches for COVID-19
records in PubMed and to assess the complexity of searches that was required.
METHODS: We tested PubMed searches for COVID-19 to identify which search
string performed best according to standard metrics (sensitivity, precision
and F-score). We evaluated the performance of eight different searches in
PubMed during the first ten weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic to investigate
how complex a search string is needed. We also tested omitting hyphens and
space characters as well as applying quotation marks.
RESULTS: The two most comprehensive search strings performed best, but the
single-term search, COVID-19, performed well in terms of sensitivity
(98.4/98.7 vs 94.4), precision (94.6/92.7 vs 95.3), and F-score (96.5/95.7
vs 94.8). We found that deleting a hyphen or space character could omit a
substantial number of records. If entered correctly, a single-term search
performed well although the number of relevant records would be increased by
using a comprehensive search.
CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive search strings performed better than single term
searches in PubMed, but not by a large margin for some single terms. For
everyday searches, certain single term searches are probably sufficient
whereas more comprehensive searches should be used for systematic reviews.
Still, we suggest additional measures that the U.S. National Library of
Medicine could take to support all PubMed users in searching the COVID-19
literature.
CLINICALTRIAL:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/23449
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33197230
JAMIA Open. 2020 Oct;3(3): 332-337
3. Predictive article recommendation using natural language processing
and machine learning to support evidence updates in domain-specific
knowledge graphs.
Sharma B, Willis VC, Huettner CS, Beaty K, Snowdon JL, Xue S, South BR,
Jackson GP, Weeraratne D, Michelini V
Objectives: Describe an augmented intelligence approach to facilitate the
update of evidence for associations in knowledge graphs.
Methods: New publications are filtered through multiple machine learning
study classifiers, and filtered publications are combined with articles
already included as evidence in the knowledge graph. The corpus is then
subjected to named entity recognition, semantic dictionary mapping, term
vector space modeling, pairwise similarity, and focal entity match to
identify highly related publications. Subject matter experts review
recommended articles to assess inclusion in the knowledge graph;
discrepancies are resolved by consensus.
Results: Study classifiers achieved F-scores from 0.88 to 0.94, and
similarity thresholds for each study type were determined by
experimentation. Our approach reduces human literature review load by 99%,
and over the past 12 months, 41% of recommendations were accepted to update
the knowledge graph.
Conclusion: Integrated search and recommendation exploiting current evidence
in a knowledge graph is useful for reducing human cognition load.
Keywords: artificial intelligence; machine learning; natural language
processing; precision medicine
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaa028
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33215067
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020 Nov 16. pii: ocaa271. [Epub ahead of print]
4. An evaluation of two commercial deep learning-based information
retrieval systems for COVID-19 literature.
Soni S, Roberts K
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a tremendous need for access to the
latest scientific information, leading to both corpora for COVID-19
literature and search engines to query such data. While most search engine
research is performed in academia with rigorous evaluation, major commercial
companies dominate the web search market. Thus, it is expected that
commercial pandemic-specific search engines will gain much higher traction
than academic alternatives, leading to questions about the empirical
performance of these tools. This paper seeks to empirically evaluate two
commercial search engines for COVID-19 (Google and Amazon) in comparison
with academic prototypes evaluated in the TREC-COVID task. We performed
several steps to reduce bias in the manual judgments to ensure a fair
comparison of all systems. We find the commercial search engines sizably
underperformed those evaluated under TREC-COVID. This has implications for
trust in popular health search engines and developing biomedical search
engines for future health crises.
Keywords: COVID-19; TREC-COVID; coronavirus; information retrieval
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa271
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33197268
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 ;9 248
5. Why the tremendous potential of uploading health educational material
on medical institutions' website remains grossly underutilized in the era
of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?
Bhattacharya S, Singh A
Due to the short span available for consultation with clinicians, patients
try to become well versed with their clinical conditions before the medical
consultation. They search Google for their medical information; here comes
the problem of authenticity of the sources. It is very difficult to obtain
authentic medical information for the patients from the Internet. As a
result, sometimes, patients ask questions to the overburdened doctors and
irritate them. To solve this problem and wider dissemination of authentic
medical knowledge, the existing website of Post Graduate Institute of
Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) has been utilized. In PGIMER,
Chandigarh, health education materials in text and video formats have been
uploaded on the PGIMER website for empowering patients. All these have been
successfully tested in the outpatient departments of PGIMER, Chandigarh. To
our knowledge, this unique approach is the first of its kind in India. We
hope this approach of sharing medical information through the PGIMER website
may help patient empowerment to a large extent. Later, this concept can be
replicated in all medical colleges in India.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; health education; medical institutions;
website
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_283_19
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33209940
Int J Med Inform. 2020 Nov 01. pii: S1386-5056(20)30870-4.
6. Interventions to support consumer evaluation of online health
information credibility: A scoping review.
Song S, Zhang Y, Yu B
PURPOSE: Various interventions have been designed to help consumers better
evaluate the credibility of online health information (OHI). However,
assessing information credibility remained the most widely reported
challenge by online health consumers. This review aims to provide an
overview of major intervention approaches for improving consumer ability to
evaluate OHI credibility in order to identify opportunities for future
interventions.
METHODS: A scoping review was performed. Seven relevant scientific databases
were searched to identify articles that report the design and/or evaluation
of interventions to support, facilitate, or assist consumers in assessing
the credibility of OHI. Thirty-one articles met the inclusion criteria.
Relevant content was extracted from the articles and all codes were
validated by second coders.
RESULTS: Three major intervention approaches for enhancing consumers'
ability to evaluate OHI credibility were identified: educational program,
algorithm, and interactive interface. The design of most interventions
(particularly the credibility evaluation component) lacked the guidance of
theories, and very few studies systematically evaluated their effectiveness
in real online search contexts. Few interventions can provide spontaneous
support to consumers while they search online.
CONCLUSION: Our understanding of what theoretical constructs contribute to
effective OHI credibility evaluation interventions and how intervention
outcomes should be measured remained limited. Future efforts need to focus
on the design, development, test, and evaluation of theory-guided OHI
credibility evaluation interventions that are scalable, sustainable, and can
provide real-time support to consumers.
Keywords: Consumer health informatics; Information credibility;
Interventions; Online health information; Scoping review
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104321
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33202372
Nucleic Acids Res. 2020 Nov 19. pii: gkaa1024. [Epub ahead of print]
7. WikiPathways: connecting communities.
Martens M, Ammar A, Riutta A, Waagmeester A, Slenter DN, Hanspers K, A
Miller R, Digles D, Lopes EN, Ehrhart F, Dupuis LJ, Winckers LA, Coort SL,
Willighagen EL, Evelo CT, Pico AR, Kutmon M
WikiPathways (https://www.wikipathways.org) is a biological pathway database
known for its collaborative nature and open science approaches. With the
core idea of the scientific community developing and curating biological
knowledge in pathway models, WikiPathways lowers all barriers for accessing
and using its content. Increasingly more content creators, initiatives,
projects and tools have started using WikiPathways. Central in this growth
and increased use of WikiPathways are the various communities that focus on
particular subsets of molecular pathways such as for rare diseases and lipid
metabolism. Knowledge from published pathway figures helps prioritize
pathway development, using optical character and named entity recognition.
We show the growth of WikiPathways over the last three years, highlight the
new communities and collaborations of pathway authors and curators, and
describe various technologies to connect to external resources and
initiatives. The road toward a sustainable, community-driven pathway
database goes through integration with other resources such as Wikidata and
allowing more use, curation and redistribution of WikiPathways content.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1024
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33211851
Health Commun. 2020 Nov 18. 1-12
8. Intergenerational Online Health Information Searching and Brokering:
Framing Health Literacy as a Family Asset.
Gonzalez C, Bollinger B, Yip J, Pina L, Roldan W, Nieto Ruiz C
Latino populations are disproportionately impacted by health disparities and
face both connectivity and health literacy challenges. As evidenced by the
current global pandemic, access to reliable online health-related
information and the ability to apply that information is critical to
achieving health equity. Through a qualitative study on how Latino families
collaborate to access online health resources, this work frames health
literacy as a family-level mechanism. Interviews with parent-child dyads
combined with online search tasks reveal how families integrate their
individual skillsets to obtain, process, and understand online information
about illnesses, symptoms, and even medical diagnoses. As they engage in
intergenerational online health information searching and brokering,
families creatively navigate information and communication technologies
(ICTs) to address a range of health needs. Bilingual children help immigrant
parents obtain urgent and non-urgent health information needed to care for
other family members. When children are tasked with addressing a health need
critical to their parent's wellbeing, they collaborate with their parents to
obtain, interpret, and apply online health information. Intergenerational
online health information searching and brokering thus reveals family-level
strengths that can be leveraged to promote both health and digital literacy
among marginalized populations.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1847445
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33205663
Spinal Cord. 2020 Nov 17.
9. An exploration of information seeking behavior among persons living
with spinal cord injury in Switzerland.
Diviani N, Zanini C, Gemperli A, Rubinelli S
STUDY DESIGN: Observational study using data from the second community
survey of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study (Survey 2017).
OBJECTIVES: To examine information seeking of individuals with spinal cord
injury (SCI) in Switzerland and its association with personal
characteristics, quality of life, satisfaction with health, and healthcare
services utilization.
SETTING: Community.
METHODS: Descriptive statistics were used to describe information needs,
information sources, and health literacy of the participants. Linear,
logistic, and Poisson regression analyses were used to assess the
association of information-related variables with personal characteristics,
quality of life, satisfaction with health, and healthcare services
utilization.
RESULTS: One quarter of the 1294 study participants (24.6%) reported having
information needs. Most frequently mentioned were needs for medical
information about SCI, complications and comorbidities (30.5%), and
information on living with SCI (28.6%). The most often used sources of
information were healthcare professionals (72.3%), the Internet (43.2%), and
other people living with SCI (40.8%). Almost half of the participants
(41.4%) were only somewhat or not at all confident in their ability to find
information. Having information needs was associated with suboptimal
outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the importance of information for
individuals living with SCI. By providing evidence on topics to be addressed
and modalities of information delivery, our findings can help institutions
in developing information to support individuals living with SCI in their
daily activities. Information should cover all aspects of living with SCI,
be relevant to and understandable for people of all backgrounds, and be made
available online and offline.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41393-020-00583-4
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33204032
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020 Nov 16.
10. The Readability of Online Educational Materials for Femoroacetabular
Impingement Syndrome.
Kiapour AM, Otoukesh B, Hosseinzadeh S
Although the readability of online materials has been thoroughly studied
across different orthopaedic surgery disorders, inadequacy in information
exists regarding the readability of the websites pertaining to
femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Given its high prevalence and the
importance of providing appropriate online education materials in its
prognosis, the primary aim of this study was to assess the readability of
web-based patient education materials regarding this disease.
"Femoroacetabular impingement," "FAI," and "hip impingement" were used as
search queries in this study. Readability was evaluated based on five
established algorithms, and the readability of contents was compared by
website type and also search query. In this study of 59 unique websites on
FAI, using five different validated readability formulas, we demonstrated
that none of the top 30 webpages were written at the recommended reading
level. They were found through three different search queries on the three
most used search engines. Current FAI online education materials accessible
to patients are written above the recommended levels, and it seems that to
improve equity and accessibility in healthcare, universities, hospitals, and
healthcare professional societies have a responsibility to ensure that the
online materials are provided at more appropriate levels. Early detection
and treatment of FAI play a key role in preventing the progression to hip
osteoarthritis. Thus, providing appropriate online education materials is of
great importance in this prevention by increasing patients' understanding of
the disease and the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment options.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: Level III.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00834
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33201047
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