bims-librar Biomed News on Biomedical librarianship
─────────────────────────────┐
Issue of 2020‒05‒17 │
eleven papers selected by │
Thomas Krichel (Open Library │
Society) │
http://e.biomed.news/librar │
│
│
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
1. YouTube as a source of information on COVID-19: a pandemic of
misinformation?
2. Public health communication in time of crisis: Readability of On-Line
COVID-19 Information.
3. YouTube as a source of medical information on the novel coronavirus
2019 disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
4. Availability of COVID-19 Information from National and International
Aesthetic Surgery Society Websites.
5. Online information seeking behaviors of breast cancer patients before
and after diagnosis: From website discovery to improving website
information.
6. Quality and readability of the dental information obtained by patients
on Internet: criteria for selecting medical consultation websites.
7. The Quality of Web Sites' Health Information on Minimal Invasive
Repair of Pectus Excavatum Using the DISCERN Instrument.
8. How Children Search for Health Information Online: An Observational
Study.
9. Quality assessment of randomized controlled trial abstracts on drug
therapy of periodontal disease from the abstracts published in dental
Science Citation Indexed journals in the last ten years.
10. Broad-coverage biomedical relation extraction with SemRep.
11. Googling Allergy in Ireland: Content Analysis.
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
BMJ Glob Health. 2020 May;pii: e002604. [Epub ahead of print]5(5):
1. YouTube as a source of information on COVID-19: a pandemic of
misinformation?
Li HO, Bailey A, Huynh D, Chan J
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic is this century's largest public health
emergency and its successful management relies on the effective
dissemination of factual information. As a social media platform with
billions of daily views, YouTube has tremendous potential to both support
and hinder public health efforts. However, the usefulness and accuracy of
most viewed YouTube videos on COVID-19 have not been investigated.
METHODS: A YouTube search was performed on 21 March 2020 using keywords
'coronavirus' and 'COVID-19', and the top 75 viewed videos from each search
were analysed. Videos that were duplicates, non-English, non-audio and
non-visual, exceeding 1 hour in duration, live and unrelated to COVID-19
were excluded. Two reviewers coded the source, content and characteristics
of included videos. The primary outcome was usability and reliability of
videos, analysed using the novel COVID-19 Specific Score (CSS), modified
DISCERN (mDISCERN) and modified JAMA (mJAMA) scores.
RESULTS: Of 150 videos screened, 69 (46%) were included, totalling
257 804 146 views. Nineteen (27.5%) videos contained non-factual
information, totalling 62 042 609 views. Government and professional videos
contained only factual information and had higher CSS than consumer videos
(mean difference (MD) 2.21, 95% CI 0.10 to 4.32, p=0.037); mDISCERN scores
than consumer videos (MD 2.46, 95% CI 0.50 to 4.42, p=0.008), internet news
videos (MD 2.20, 95% CI 0.19 to 4.21, p=0.027) and entertainment news videos
(MD 2.57, 95% CI 0.66 to 4.49, p=0.004); and mJAMA scores than entertainment
news videos (MD 1.21, 95% CI 0.07 to 2.36, p=0.033) and consumer videos (MD
1.27, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.44, p=0.028). However, they only accounted for 11% of
videos and 10% of views.
CONCLUSION: Over one-quarter of the most viewed YouTube videos on COVID-19
contained misleading information, reaching millions of viewers worldwide. As
the current COVID-19 pandemic worsens, public health agencies must better
use YouTube to deliver timely and accurate information and to minimise the
spread of misinformation. This may play a significant role in successfully
managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: cross-sectional survey; health policy; prevention strategies;
public health; respiratory infections
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002604
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32409327
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020 May 11. 1-10
2. Public health communication in time of crisis: Readability of On-Line
COVID-19 Information.
Basch CH, Mohlman J, Hillyer GC, Garcia P
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to assess the readability of
information on the Internet posted about COVID-19 to determine how closely
these materials are written to the recommended reading levels.
METHODS: Using the search term "coronavirus," information posted on the
first 100 English language websites was identified. Using an online
readability calculator, multiple readability tests were conducted to assure
a comprehensive representation would result.
RESULTS: The mean readability scores ranged between grade levels 6.2 and
17.8 (graduate school level). Four of the five measures (GFI, CLI, SMOG,
FRE) found that readability exceeded the 10th grade reading level indicating
that the text of these websites would be difficult for the average American
to read. The mean reading level for nearly all non-commercial and commercial
websites was at or above the 10th grade reading level.
DISCUSSION: Messages about COVID-19 must be readable at an 'easy' level, and
must contain clear guidelines for behavior. The degree to which individuals
seek information in response to risk messages is positively related to the
expectation that the information will resolve uncertainty. However, if the
information is too complex to interpret and it fails to lead to
disambiguation this can contribute to feelings of panic.
Keywords: COVID-19; on-line information; readability
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.151
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32389144
Glob Public Health. 2020 May 12. 1-8
3. YouTube as a source of medical information on the novel coronavirus
2019 disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
D'Souza RS, D'Souza S, Strand N, Anderson A, Vogt MNP, Olatoye O
Media coverage on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been extensive,
yet large gaps remain in our understanding of the role of social media
platforms during worldwide health crisis. The purpose of this study was to
assess the most viewed YouTube videos on COVID-19 for medical content. We
coded video characteristics, source, and medical content of the 113
most-widely viewed videos about COVID-19. Seventy-nine (69.9%) videos were
classified as useful, and 10 (8.8%) videos were classified as misleading.
Independent users were more likely to post misleading videos than useful
videos (60.0% vs 21.5%, P = 0.009). News agencies were more likely to post
useful videos than misleading videos (72.2% vs 40.0%, P = 0.039). Useful
videos were more likely to present any information on prevalence or
incidence (79.7% vs 20.0%, P < 0.001), as well as information on outcomes or
prognosis (84.8% vs 30.0%, P < 0.001) compared to misleading videos. The
World Health Organization contributed one useful video (1.3%), while no
videos from the Center for Disease Control were included. Although YouTube
generally is a useful source of medical information on the COVID-19
pandemic, increased efforts to disseminate accurate information from
reputable sources is desired to help mitigate disease spread and decrease
unnecessary panic in the general population.
Keywords: COVID-19; communication; disease outbreaks; information
dissemination; internet; public health; social media
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1761426
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32397870
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2020 May 12.
4. Availability of COVID-19 Information from National and International
Aesthetic Surgery Society Websites.
Al-Benna S
BACKGROUND: National and international aesthetic surgery society websites
are an important source of information for patients and aesthetic surgeons.
The current COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented global health
crisis. The aim of this study was to assess the information available on
national and international aesthetic surgery society websites on the current
pandemic of COVID-19.
METHODS: National and international aesthetic surgery society websites were
assessed with regard to COVID-19 information.
RESULTS: Thirty-one per cent of nations had aesthetic surgery society
websites. Twenty-two per cent of national society websites had a specific
COVID-19 section. Seventeen per cent of these websites had COVID-19-specific
guidelines available; of these websites with guidelines, 77% had a specific
COVID-19 section advising to provide only urgent or emergent care and 46%
provided their sovereign state's directives to provide only urgent or
emergent care. Two international aesthetic surgery society websites had
COVID-19-specific guidelines, and one of the two had significant educational
resources.
CONCLUSION: The availability of COVID-19 clinical guidelines and patient
information sheets on national plastic surgery society websites is sparse.
In contrast, one international society website carefully analysed national
and international recommendations and guidelines and made general
recommendations for its members with regularly updated resources. This study
suggests that improvement and increase in COVID-19 information provided by
many national aesthetic surgery society websites may be improved by links to
the ISAPS website.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of
evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based
Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online
Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Keywords: Aesthetic surgery; COVID-19; Coronavirus; Internet; Medical
societies; Operative surgical procedures; Pandemics; Plastic surgery;
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-020-01751-w
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32399908
Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2020 May 01. pii: S2468-2942(20)30013-7.
5. Online information seeking behaviors of breast cancer patients before
and after diagnosis: From website discovery to improving website
information.
Perrault EK, Hildenbrand GM, McCullock SP, Schmitz KJ, Lambert NJ
Despite the internet being a common place breast cancer patients seek
information, navigating this Wild West of content can be challenging. The
present study analyzed open-ended data from breast cancer survivors (n = 77)
regarding their online information seeking behaviors when looking for breast
cancer information to help inform the creation of improved online
educational materials. Participants were asked what prompted them to seek
information, which websites and search terms they used both before and after
diagnosis, what information was useful, what misinformation was found, and
what they would like to see improved. Results indicated symptoms, tests, or
diagnoses prompt women to seek breast cancer information online, and that
many different search terms and websites are used. More search terms and
websites were utilized after diagnosis compared to before diagnosis, but the
most common search terms and websites did not change much from before to
after diagnosis. Cancer specific and general medical websites were the most
popular. The most useful information related to treatment, obtaining
information from other breast cancer survivors, statistics, and
positively-valenced information. Though misinformation was not reported by
many participants, some mentioned outdated survival rates, inaccurate
information about alternative treatments, and other breast cancer patients'
experiences that did not align with their own. Participants desired
improvements in treatment information, more factual information, a guide,
and information that is easy to understand. Creation of a guide and use of
search engine optimization to help breast cancer patients navigate this
online information could be beneficial.
Keywords: Information seeking; Misinformation; Online; Search terms;
Websites
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100176
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32388484
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020 May 10. pii: 23521. [Epub ahead of print]
6. Quality and readability of the dental information obtained by patients
on Internet: criteria for selecting medical consultation websites.
Allegue-Magaz S, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Chamorro-Petronacci CM, Lorenzo-Pouso
AI, Blanco-Carrión A, García-García A, Pérez-Sayáns M
BACKGROUND: The main objective of this study is to examine the quality of
the information available for patients online with regards to the
apicoectomy surgical procedure, both on general and critically selected
websites. The hypothesis is that general websites has less quality than
other that have been pre-selected.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A search for the English term "apicoectomy" was
performed online. The first 100 websites that appeared in both Google and
Yahoo were analysed. Seven validated instruments were used for these two
dimensions: quality (DISCERN, JAMA and EQIP), and readability (FRES, Fog
Scale, FKRGL and SMOG).
RESULTS: A total of 21 websites (10.5%) were selected. The readability of
the websites in both groups was difficult or very difficult. With regards to
the quality of the websites, the DISCERN instrument indicated an average
value of 2.28 [2.14-2.39] for all of the websites, therefore indicating very
low quality with serious defects; however, in the selected websites, the
average quality was 3.16 [2.84-3.48], indicating potential, but not serious
defects (p<0.001). There were statistically significant differences for the
FRES values (p = 0.030), with a greater readability in the selected group of
websites.
CONCLUSIONS: We believe that it is very important for the population to
become aware of and learn how to use certain exclusion criteria when
selecting medical consultation websites, as in doing so, they will be able
to obtain a higher quality of information from these websites.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.23521
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32388523
Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2020 May 12.
7. The Quality of Web Sites' Health Information on Minimal Invasive
Repair of Pectus Excavatum Using the DISCERN Instrument.
Zuidema WP, Graumans MJ, Oosterhuis JWA, van der Steeg AFW, van Heurn E
INTRODUCTION: The Internet is a frequently used tool for patients with
pectus excavatum (PE) to get information about symptoms and treatment
options. In addition, it is used by both health care providers as a
marketing tool and support group systems. The Internet health information
varies in precision, quality, and reliability. The study purpose was to
determine the quality of information on the PE Web sites using the DISCERN
instrument, including information about operation and potential
complications after a Nuss bar procedure.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four search engines, Google, Yahoo, Ask, and Bing,
were used to explore seven key terms concerning PE. Search language was
English. The DISCERN quality instrument was used to evaluate the Web sites.
Also, information on possible complications was scored per Web site.
RESULTS: A total of 560 Web sites were assessed in March 2019. Excluded
were 139 Web sites. There were 333 duplicates, leaving 88 unique Web sites.
Of these, 58.1% were hospital-related information Web sites, 28.4% medical
information Web sites, and 3.4% patient forum sites. Interactive multimedia
was used on 21.6% of the sites. Pain postoperatively was mentioned on 64.8%
of the sites, while only 9.1% mentioned the mortality risk of the surgical
correction of PE for Nuss bar placement. The quality of the unique Web sites
showed a mean DISCERN score of 42.5 (standard deviation 12.2). Medical
information Web sites, encyclopedia, and government-sponsored sites had
higher DISCERN scores. Hospital-related information sites, medical
companies, and lay persons' sites, had lower total scores.
CONCLUSION: The overall quality of PE Web sites is low to moderate, with
serious shortcomings.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710026
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32396941
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2020 May;pii: S1499-4046(20)30054-3.
8. How Children Search for Health Information Online: An Observational
Study.
Branscum P, Patricio-Agosto N
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether children could find the correct answers to
obesity-related health questions on the Internet and observe the search
strategies children use when searching for such information.
METHODS: Twenty-five parent-child dyads, from a southwestern US summer day
camp, participated in this cross-sectional study. Parents' health literacy
skills were evaluated. Children searched the Internet for 6 questions
related to nutrition and physical activity. Search activities were recorded
via Camtasia. Quantitative (ie, time spent per question) and qualitative
data (ie, themes related to difficulties searching) were extracted by
rewatching the recordings.
RESULTS: All parents had either proficient or basic levels of health
literacy. The question that had the highest rating for being correctly
answered pertained to physical activity recommendations, whereas none of the
children were able to find recommended servings of food groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Children were not successful in finding
correct answers to most of the questions and used ineffective search
strategies. Interventions that teach children effective search strategies
for health information are needed.
Keywords: childhood obesity; digital health literacy; online information
searching
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2020.02.002
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32389242
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020 May 10. pii: 23647. [Epub ahead of print]
9. Quality assessment of randomized controlled trial abstracts on drug
therapy of periodontal disease from the abstracts published in dental
Science Citation Indexed journals in the last ten years.
Xie L, Qin W, Gu Y, Pathak JL, Zeng S, Du M
BACKGROUND: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the highest level of
evidence and are likely to influence clinical decision-making. This study
evaluated the reporting quality of RCT abstracts on drug therapy of
periodontal disease and assessed the associated factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Pubmed database was searched for periodontal RCTs
published in Science Citation Indexed (SCI) dental journals from 2010/01/01
to 2019/07/17. Information was extracted from the abstracts according to a
modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guideline
checklist. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and
the statistical associations were examined using the linear regression
analysis (P<0.05).
RESULTS: This study retrieved 1715 articles and 249 of them were finally
included. The average overall CONSORT score was 15.6 ± 3.4, which
represented 40.9% (±0.6) of CONSORT criteria filling. The reporting rate of
some items (trial design, numbers analyzed, confidence intervals,
intention-to-treat analysis or per-protocol analysis, harms, registration)
was less than 30%. The adequate reporting rate of some items (participants,
randomization, numbers analyzed, confidence intervals, intention-to-treat
analysis or per protocol analysis) was no more than 4%. None of the
abstracts reported funding. According to the multivariable linear regression
results, number of authors (P=0.030), word count (P<0.001), continent
(P=0.003), structured format (P<0.001), type of periodontal disease
(P<0.001) and international collaboration (P=0.023) have a significant
association with reporting quality.
CONCLUSIONS: The quality of RCT abstracts on drug therapy of periodontal
disease in SCI dental journals remained suboptimal. More efforts should be
made to improve RCT abstracts reporting quality.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.23647
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32388518
BMC Bioinformatics. 2020 May 14. 21(1): 188
10. Broad-coverage biomedical relation extraction with SemRep.
Kilicoglu H, Rosemblat G, Fiszman M, Shin D
BACKGROUND: In the era of information overload, natural language processing
(NLP) techniques are increasingly needed to support advanced biomedical
information management and discovery applications. In this paper, we present
an in-depth description of SemRep, an NLP system that extracts semantic
relations from PubMed abstracts using linguistic principles and UMLS domain
knowledge. We also evaluate SemRep on two datasets. In one evaluation, we
use a manually annotated test collection and perform a comprehensive error
analysis. In another evaluation, we assess SemRep's performance on the CDR
dataset, a standard benchmark corpus annotated with causal chemical-disease
relationships.
RESULTS: A strict evaluation of SemRep on our manually annotated dataset
yields 0.55 precision, 0.34 recall, and 0.42 F 1 score. A relaxed
evaluation, which more accurately characterizes SemRep performance, yields
0.69 precision, 0.42 recall, and 0.52 F 1 score. An error analysis reveals
named entity recognition/normalization as the largest source of errors
(26.9%), followed by argument identification (14%) and trigger detection
errors (12.5%). The evaluation on the CDR corpus yields 0.90 precision, 0.24
recall, and 0.38 F 1 score. The recall and the F 1 score increase to 0.35
and 0.50, respectively, when the evaluation on this corpus is limited to
sentence-bound relationships, which represents a fairer evaluation, as
SemRep operates at the sentence level.
CONCLUSIONS: SemRep is a broad-coverage, interpretable, strong baseline
system for extracting semantic relations from biomedical text. It also
underpins SemMedDB, a literature-scale knowledge graph based on semantic
relations. Through SemMedDB, SemRep has had significant impact in the
scientific community, supporting a variety of clinical and translational
applications, including clinical decision making, medical diagnosis, drug
repurposing, literature-based discovery and hypothesis generation, and
contributing to improved health outcomes. In ongoing development, we are
redesigning SemRep to increase its modularity and flexibility, and
addressing weaknesses identified in the error analysis.
Keywords: Biomedical relation extraction; Natural language processing;
Scientific publications; Semantic interpretation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-020-3517-7
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32410573
J Med Internet Res. 2020 May 13. 22(5): e16763
11. Googling Allergy in Ireland: Content Analysis.
King C, Judge C, Byrne A, Conlon N
BACKGROUND: Internet search engines are increasingly being utilized as the
first port of call for medical information by the public. The prevalence of
allergies in developed countries has risen steadily over time. There exists
significant variability in the quality of health-related information
available on the web. Inaccurately diagnosed and mismanaged allergic disease
has major downstream effects on patients, general practitioners, and
regional allergy services.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify whether Ireland has a relatively high
rate of web-based allergy-related searches, to establish the proportion of
medically accurate web pages encountered by the public, and to compare
current search results localized to Dublin, Ireland with urban centers
elsewhere.
METHODS: Google Trends was used to evaluate regional interest of
allergy-related search terms over a 10-year period using terms "allergy,"
"allergy test," "food allergy," and "food intolerance." These terms were
then inputted into Google search, localizing them to cities in Ireland, the
United Kingdom, and the United States. Output for each search was reviewed
by two independent clinicians and deemed rational or nonevidence based, as
per current best practice guidelines. Searches localized to Dublin were
initially completed in 2015 and repeated in 2019 to assess for changes in
the quality of search results over time.
RESULTS: Ireland has a persistently high demand for web-based information
relating to allergy and ranks first worldwide for "allergy test," second for
"food allergy" and "food intolerance," and seventh for "allergy" over the
specified 10-year timeframe. Results for each of the four subsearches in
Dublin (2015) showed that over 60% of websites promoted nonevidence-based
diagnostics. A marginal improvement in scientifically robust information was
seen in 2019, but results for "allergy test" and "food intolerance"
continued to promote alternative testing 57% (8/14) of the time. This
strongly contrasted with results localized to Southampton and Rochester,
where academic and hospital-affiliated web pages predominantly featured.
Government-funded Department of Health websites did not feature in the top
five results for Dublin searches "allergy testing," "food allergy," or "food
intolerance" in either 2015 or 2019.
CONCLUSIONS: The Irish public demonstrates a keen interest in seeking
allergy-related information on the web. The proportion of evidence-based
websites encountered by the Irish public is considerably lower than that
encountered by patients in other urban centers. Factors contributing to this
are the lack of a specialist register for allergy in Ireland, inadequate
funding for allergy centers currently in operation, and insufficient
promotion by the health service of their web-based health database, which
contains useful patient-oriented information on allergy. Increased funding
of clinical allergology services will more meaningfully impact the health of
patients if there is a parallel investment by the health service in
information and communication technology consultancy to amplify their
presence on the web.
Keywords: Ireland; allergy; food allergy; food intolerance; immunology;
technology
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/16763
URL: http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32401220
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
########################################################################
To unsubscribe from the LIS-MEDICAL list, click the following link:
https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=LIS-MEDICAL&A=1
|
