here's one where I wasn't prepared for my research, and wasn't allowed by ethics review - possibly rightly so [but i think for the wrong reasons!]
Skinner, J. (2019) ‘“This research project is not ready”: ethics and institutional hurdles in a neoliberal era’ in, H. Andrews and J. Takamitsu (eds) Routledge Advances in Anthropology Series: Tourism Ethnographies, London: Taylor & Francis, pp.16-32.
best
Jonathan
Dr Jonathan Skinner
Reader in Social Anthropology
Room 1061
Whitelands College,
University of Roehampton | London | SW15 4JD
[log in to unmask] | www.roehampton.ac.uk
http://www.roehampton.ac.uk/staff/Jonathan-Skinner/
Tel: (+44 208 392 ) 4895
Follow us on Twitter | Find us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/RoeCRESIDA/
https://upcolorado.com/university-press-of-colorado/item/3333-leisure-and-death
________________________________
From: The Anthropology-Matters forum mailing list <[log in to unmask]> on behalf of Cris Shore <[log in to unmask]>
Sent: 18 September 2019 08:11
To: [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: Article on fieldwork ethics and safety
I share Peter's concern: IRBs and institutional ethics committees tend to be dominated by people far removed from the social sciences and view any research involving (sic) "human subjects" as risky. Tamara Kohn (Melbourne) and I wrote a chapter based on our experiences of our respective university ethics committees.
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F320729377_The_Ethics_of_University_Ethics_Committe&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778366359&sdata=hRqQ%2FwdyGW1q%2Fw2i%2BkhUHqsgfQwO6mgcTwCnhK1iB9Y%3D&reserved=0
--------------------
Cris Shore
Goldsmiths University of London
On 18/09/2019, 06:13, "The Anthropology-Matters forum mailing list on behalf of Mugsy Spiegel" <[log in to unmask] on behalf of [log in to unmask]> wrote:
Well said Peter.
__________________________________________________
Emer Assoc Prof Andrew 'Mugsy' Spiegel
Anthropology
University of Cape Town
Sent from smartphone
__________________________________________________
On 17 Sep 2019, at 18:17, Peter Cave <[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>> wrote:
Thank you to Ann for raising this important subject. However, I think we should be aware that an opposite problem can arise in some cases. That is, universities can be so concerned about risks to researchers (and being sued) that their ethics committees make it very difficult if not impossible for researchers to undertake research in locations where there may be safety risks. I certainly think that researchers need to be well prepared for risks, but on the other hand, there is a danger that excessive risk-averseness on the part of universities might severely constrain even well-prepared researchers.
Peter Cave
Senior Lecturer in Japanese Studies
SALC, University of Manchester
Samuel Alexander Building
Oxford Road
Manchester M13 9PL
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0)161 275 3195
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=www.manchester.ac.uk%2Fresearch%2Fpeter.cave%2F&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778366359&sdata=K1YXrUym9oZ9QZS4bTBp6OAQYE54%2FLfZKxTgXPV%2B%2BCk%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FWUJOCX6XE5tpG2RqT7KfAG&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778366359&sdata=EbBlMuwnX193YPlwImIgxaYznCKIVLyGUtJnhbkyLek%3D&reserved=0>
________________________________________
From: The Anthropology-Matters forum mailing list [[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>] on behalf of Ann Wand [[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>]
Sent: 17 September 2019 15:40
To: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Article on fieldwork ethics and safety
*Apologies for cross-posting*
The academic podcast and blog, 'Coffee & Cocktails', has posted a rather important piece by Dr Andrea Hajek on the need for universities to reassess their ethics and safety policies before allowing academics to go out into the field. I strongly urge readers to take this article very seriously as the ethics committees have a huge role to play in the future safety of our students and academic staff.
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcoffeeandcocktails1.wordpress.com%2F2019%2F09%2F17%2Fthe-importance-of-sharing-anxieties-about-fieldwork-or-how-to-woman-up%2F&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=VughLQkjJ6RcAny9D8AVNEEbTT%2FRrOz4F4tcczR8tZU%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2F9I6iCY6YG5tGgMqNFjccv9&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=q9Th0feYsIZOaCMgqNvCegA4W%2BW99nLy3Hh8G22mGDs%3D&reserved=0>
Thank you,
Dr Ann Wand
Research Affiliate
Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology
University of Oxford
annwand.com<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fannwand.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=hwBGeECs3XS5wZ4z3QTwm7PYW4muGNBHR%2BeRzMueuxk%3D&reserved=0>
*************************************************************
* Anthropology-Matters Mailing List
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=u45Gy7Xaf01tBoEvfWfzRv1w8I2%2Fqeq4YHPE9iEcEsI%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FOvIBCZ4GJ0iOxlLDhMy7nc&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=BSIWQaymP2SgfT05hV2oFGEGF6ExwPMdf%2BGutc5F6M4%3D&reserved=0> *
* A postgraduate project comprising online journal, *
* online discussions, teaching and research resources *
* and international contacts directory. *
* To join this list or to look at the archived previous *
* messages visit: *
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2FAnthropology-Matters&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=HLwaDZZbgxpzDfs%2F2ABTLNkIvPceHE0fvmJi4KrXMUM%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2F11KcC1jp84SvO3oksAeYQd&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=2A7nB44I7GvJoij%2FblmcOIchLqHx4u6XBuZoFOw%2FbtA%3D&reserved=0> *
* If you have ALREADY subscribed: to send a message to all *
* those currently subscribed to the list,just send mail to: *
* [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]> *
* *
* Enjoyed the mailing list? Why not join the new *
* CONTACTS SECTION @ https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=www.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=hx4xlFXLpkVcfc0VkBRL7CLyx1D9m%2FwINhQTRJuoyIA%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FcL6NC2Rq5Win61XRhpXzlY&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=%2FUAb9invZUbGLnT5tzSoa%2BWl7Q4sKxMy%2FZpu22hdYcM%3D&reserved=0> *
* an international directory of anthropology researchers *
To unsubscribe please click here:
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fwebadmin%3FSUBED1%3DANTHROPOLOGY-MATTERS%26A%3D1&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=bzx1sBt13SX2jI4xHqbGw1rhvEIHICgEvPE5kClKnwA%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FNFH3C3lr5wiLxqlGs9mDdr&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=l3dI3JuhdNdwIGosgQo2WRh7RJGRxYivugUucjiwXcg%3D&reserved=0>
***************************************************************
*************************************************************
* Anthropology-Matters Mailing List
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=u45Gy7Xaf01tBoEvfWfzRv1w8I2%2Fqeq4YHPE9iEcEsI%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FOvIBCZ4GJ0iOxlLDhMy7nc&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=BSIWQaymP2SgfT05hV2oFGEGF6ExwPMdf%2BGutc5F6M4%3D&reserved=0> *
* A postgraduate project comprising online journal, *
* online discussions, teaching and research resources *
* and international contacts directory. *
* To join this list or to look at the archived previous *
* messages visit: *
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2FAnthropology-Matters&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=HLwaDZZbgxpzDfs%2F2ABTLNkIvPceHE0fvmJi4KrXMUM%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2F11KcC1jp84SvO3oksAeYQd&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=2A7nB44I7GvJoij%2FblmcOIchLqHx4u6XBuZoFOw%2FbtA%3D&reserved=0> *
* If you have ALREADY subscribed: to send a message to all *
* those currently subscribed to the list,just send mail to: *
* [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]> *
* *
* Enjoyed the mailing list? Why not join the new *
* CONTACTS SECTION @ https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=www.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=hx4xlFXLpkVcfc0VkBRL7CLyx1D9m%2FwINhQTRJuoyIA%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FcL6NC2Rq5Win61XRhpXzlY&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=%2FUAb9invZUbGLnT5tzSoa%2BWl7Q4sKxMy%2FZpu22hdYcM%3D&reserved=0> *
* an international directory of anthropology researchers *
To unsubscribe please click here:
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fwebadmin%3FSUBED1%3DANTHROPOLOGY-MATTERS%26A%3D1&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=bzx1sBt13SX2jI4xHqbGw1rhvEIHICgEvPE5kClKnwA%3D&reserved=0<https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fprotect-za.mimecast.com%2Fs%2FNFH3C3lr5wiLxqlGs9mDdr&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778376351&sdata=l3dI3JuhdNdwIGosgQo2WRh7RJGRxYivugUucjiwXcg%3D&reserved=0>
***************************************************************
Disclaimer - University of Cape Town This email is subject to UCT policies and email disclaimer published on our website at https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uct.ac.za%2Fmain%2Femail-disclaimer&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=SaAwfUd3K1mnpg1WG9Y9ymc%2F73f2nDBz1m%2FINLo6v2E%3D&reserved=0 or obtainable from +27 21 650 9111. If this email is not related to the business of UCT, it is sent by the sender in an individual capacity. Please report security incidents or abuse via https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcsirt.uct.ac.za%2Fpage%2Freport-an-incident.php&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=2hXrlepLomJLxf5e3kk9KnT%2F2zMdG16Ubp4Uwfyrpgg%3D&reserved=0.
*************************************************************
* Anthropology-Matters Mailing List
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=cAzRGLSJ8rGkiKq3yOKQa27yd6QeyZv2ImO7n4pOSLY%3D&reserved=0 *
* A postgraduate project comprising online journal, *
* online discussions, teaching and research resources *
* and international contacts directory. *
* To join this list or to look at the archived previous *
* messages visit: *
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2FAnthropology-Matters&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=fbMpLdsJQYvfRGXYf61z5pDiig49vw1ItKuRbqtbPk8%3D&reserved=0 *
* If you have ALREADY subscribed: to send a message to all *
* those currently subscribed to the list,just send mail to: *
* [log in to unmask] *
* *
* Enjoyed the mailing list? Why not join the new *
* CONTACTS SECTION @ https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=www.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=ZqlpeTrXhwcU6lI8oqR9kvIeSUPylmne8tvVeCB5BEg%3D&reserved=0 *
* an international directory of anthropology researchers *
To unsubscribe please click here:
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fwebadmin%3FSUBED1%3DANTHROPOLOGY-MATTERS%26A%3D1&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=yeBTrM4rbCjW1Qrlrv8ycxz4lMWoAJOcoOwJNxXpTeM%3D&reserved=0
***************************************************************
*************************************************************
* Anthropology-Matters Mailing List
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=cAzRGLSJ8rGkiKq3yOKQa27yd6QeyZv2ImO7n4pOSLY%3D&reserved=0 *
* A postgraduate project comprising online journal, *
* online discussions, teaching and research resources *
* and international contacts directory. *
* To join this list or to look at the archived previous *
* messages visit: *
* https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2FAnthropology-Matters&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=fbMpLdsJQYvfRGXYf61z5pDiig49vw1ItKuRbqtbPk8%3D&reserved=0 *
* If you have ALREADY subscribed: to send a message to all *
* those currently subscribed to the list,just send mail to: *
* [log in to unmask] *
* *
* Enjoyed the mailing list? Why not join the new *
* CONTACTS SECTION @ https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=www.anthropologymatters.com&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=ZqlpeTrXhwcU6lI8oqR9kvIeSUPylmne8tvVeCB5BEg%3D&reserved=0 *
* an international directory of anthropology researchers *
To unsubscribe please click here:
https://eur02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jiscmail.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fwebadmin%3FSUBED1%3DANTHROPOLOGY-MATTERS%26A%3D1&data=02%7C01%7Cjonathan.skinner%40ROEHAMPTON.AC.UK%7C6f06c36552384cc3696808d73c0765c8%7C5fe650635c3747fbb4cce42659e607ed%7C0%7C0%7C637043874778386347&sdata=yeBTrM4rbCjW1Qrlrv8ycxz4lMWoAJOcoOwJNxXpTeM%3D&reserved=0
***************************************************************
Consider the environment. Please do not print this e-mail unless you really need to.
________________________________
This email and any attachments are confidential and intended solely for the addressee and may also be privileged or exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If you are not the addressee, or have received this e-mail in error, please notify the sender immediately, delete it from your system and do not copy, disclose or otherwise act upon any part of this email or its attachments.
Internet communications are not guaranteed to be secure or virus-free. University of Roehampton does not accept responsibility for any loss arising from unauthorised access to, or interference with, any Internet communications by any third party, or from the transmission of any viruses.
Any opinion or other information in this e-mail or its attachments that does not relate to the business of University of Roehampton is personal to the sender and is not given or endorsed by University of Roehampton.
University of Roehampton is the trading name of Roehampton University, a company limited by guarantee incorporated in England under number 5161359. Registered Office: Grove House, Roehampton Lane, London SW15 5PJ. An exempt charity.
*************************************************************
* Anthropology-Matters Mailing List
* http://www.anthropologymatters.com *
* A postgraduate project comprising online journal, *
* online discussions, teaching and research resources *
* and international contacts directory. *
* To join this list or to look at the archived previous *
* messages visit: *
* https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/Anthropology-Matters *
* If you have ALREADY subscribed: to send a message to all *
* those currently subscribed to the list,just send mail to: *
* [log in to unmask] *
* *
* Enjoyed the mailing list? Why not join the new *
* CONTACTS SECTION @ www.anthropologymatters.com *
* an international directory of anthropology researchers *
To unsubscribe please click here:
https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?SUBED1=ANTHROPOLOGY-MATTERS&A=1
***************************************************************
|