Dear Julian,
I found this answer on Quora (pasted below), which seems to be most sensible. It depends on whether the student holds British or HK passport. If the student holds HK passport, he/she needs to apply for回乡证 instead of visa.
You can read more here of this and other answers here: https://www.quora.com/Do-Hong-Kong-citizens-need-a-visa-to-enter-mainland-China
Kind regards
Yan Wu (PhD, FHEA)
Programme Director, MA International Journalism
International Student Academic Adviser
Senior Lecturer | Uwchd Darlithydd
College of Arts & Humanities | Coleg y Celfyddydau a'r Dyniaethau
Swansea University | Prifysgol Abertawe
SA2 8PP
Do Hong Kong citizens need a visa to enter mainland China?
Collin Spears, Lived in China for 2.5 years in two different provinces.
Updated Feb 27 · Author has 3.5k answers and 11.6m answer views
There is no such thing as a Hong Kong citizen as HK is not a country. There are Hong Kong residents, some have Chinese citizenship, some do not.
If they have Chinese citizenship they do not require a visa to enter Mainland China, but they do need a travel permit.
Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents - Wikipedia
If you are a permanent resident of HK but not of Chinese nationality you have to get a Mainland visa and enter Mainland China with your passport.
Addendum:
My wife is from Hong KOng. She had two passports (British Overseas) and a Chinese SAR Passport. She gave up the British Overseas one because it was expensive and had no real benefit.
She is a citizen of China. She has the right of permanent domicile (Permanent resident) in HK due to the fact she was born there.
HK SAR has it’s own passport but it is still a legal territory of the People’s Republic of China.
Visas | Immigration Department
Eligibility for the Right of Abode in the HKSAR
You should especially read this carefully:
General Information on Chinese Nationality
As far as having a HK Passport (SAR):
Application for HKSAR Passport
No where does it mention “Hong Kong citizen”.
Yes HK is a weird place…where permanent residence can get passports, I understand how that is confusing, but there is NO legal term as “Hong Kong citizen” or “Hong Kong nationality”.
If you have trouble with the legal language, please read this:
Getting a HK passport is all about following the proper process
Notice, ONCE AGAIN, nowhere does it say anything about HK citizenship.
Any ethnic Chinese person born in Hong KOng before the handover is automatically a citizen of Mainland China, but they have a HK SAR Passport, because that is a special zone, still their only “citizenship” is Chinese. I know various nations treat Hong Kong people differently from Mainland Chinese because HK is ALLOWEd by Beijing to have a different immigration regime , currency, etc. That does not change the fact that HK is part of China, and ethnic Chinese in HK are Chinese citizens.
When my wife enters the mainland she uses a card called : 会乡镇 - basically “return to your home village”card.
4.3k views · View 12 Upvoters
-----Original Message-----
From: British Association for Chinese Studies mailing list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of WARD Julian
Sent: 16 July 2019 14:45
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: year abroad issue
Dear All
I have recently been made aware of a Hong Kong student at a UK institution whose application for a visa for their year abroad in China has been rejected on the grounds that Hong Kong is part of China.
Could anyone who has any suggestions please reply to me directly at:
[log in to unmask]
Kind regards
Julian Ward
University of Edinburgh
The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336.
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