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SPORTS MEDICINE :

SPORTS INJURIES :

ELDERLY AGING GERONTOLOGY GERIATRIC :

PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND FITNESS :

JOURNAL ARTICLES:

Aging, Physical Activity and Sports Injuries.
An Overview of Common Sports Injuries in the Elderly.


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Sports Med. 1995 Jul;20(1):41-52.
Aging, physical activity and sports injuries. An overview of common sports 
injuries in the elderly.

Kallinen M1, Markku A.
Author information
1
Peurunka-Medical Rehabilitation and Physical Exercise Centre, Laukaa, 
Finland.


Abstract


Illness and aging both cause many structural and functional alterations in 
the human body, rendering elderly people liable to overloading of the 
musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. It should, however, be kept in 
mind that immobilisation and inactivity have even more deleterious effects 
on structures and functions in the elderly than in younger adults. Most 
physically active elderly people are selected individuals with respect to 
their superior health and physical capacity compared with inactive persons 
of the same age, thus making it possible to further improve their physical 
capacity. They will, however, be affected by some of the drawbacks of 
physical overloading, mostly due to the diminished ability of aging body 
systems to adapt to high levels of loading. The safety margin of an 
exercise dose tends to decline with aging. Exertional injuries are common 
among the elderly, and are connected mostly with degenerative aging 
processes. Acute injuries are common in those elderly people participating 
in sport activities which demand high coordination, reaction time, and 
balance capabilities, such as ball games, down-hill skiing, and 
gymnastics. Muscle has been reported to be the most commonly acutely 
injured tissue among active elderly athletes. The lower extremities are 
the most susceptible to injury. A large proportion of injuries (acute and 
exertional) are mild and can be treated by brief cessation of training and 
competition activities. Some of the injuries are, however, long term and 
cause disability not only during training and competition, but also in the 
normal activities of daily living. It is important that these injuries are 
treated as soon as possible and in the most effective way, similarly to 
injuries suffered by younger people. In treating elderly people, it is 
most important to avoid the detrimental effects of immobilisation; this 
requires active treatment and rehabilitation with compensatory exercise 
therapy. The best 'treatment' for sports-related injuries is prevention. 
Good agility, technical skills, and cardiovascular and musculoskeletal 
fitness are important in injury prevention among the elderly. Appropriate 
training programmes, the use of safe and familiar equipment, careful 
warming up and cooling down, multiphasic training [including the training 
of neurophysiological functions (balance, coordination and reaction time)] 
and muscle strength are essential aspects of injury prevention.

PMID: 7481278

[Indexed for MEDLINE]


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Title Search of Article in Google Books

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http://tinyurl.com/yadgny35




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