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Subject:

CfP: The Afterlives of National Socialist Film - Potsdam 04/18

From:

"Niven, William" <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

Niven, William

Date:

Tue, 31 Oct 2017 19:54:31 +0000

Content-Type:

text/plain

Parts/Attachments:

Parts/Attachments

text/plain (56 lines)

Dear Colleagues,

Please see below a call for papers which may be of interest.

Best wishes

Bill


CfP: The Afterlives of National Socialist Film - Potsdam 04/18

Bill Niven (Nottingham Trent University) / Christoph Classen (Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung Potsdam, ZZF) 20.04.2018-21.04.2018, Potsdam, Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung Potsdam, Am Neuen Markt 9d, Gr. Seminarraum
Deadline: 18.12.2017

Die Frage, wie mit dem kulturellen Erbe des Nationalsozialismus umgegangen werden soll, bietet immer wieder Anlass für kontroverse Diskussionen. Zuletzt sind die historisch-kritische Ausgabe von Hitlers "Mein Kampf" und die Frage, ob man NS-Bauten wie Das "Haus der Kunst" in München und das Reichsparteitagsgelände in Nürnberg aufwendig renovieren solle, mit ganz unterschiedlichen Positionen diskutiert worden. Solche aktuellen Debatten um einen "angemessenen" Umgang mit historischer NS-Architektur, Kunst, Literatur, den überlieferten Filmen oder auch individuellen personellen Verstrickungen sind gewiss notwendig. Die dabei üblichen Muster von Erregung und Skandalisierung in Bezug auf aktuelle Normen verstellen jedoch nicht selten eher den Blick darauf, dass der Umgang mit diesem schwierigen Erbe selbst längst eine lange Geschichte hat - und dies auch jenseits bekannter Skandale. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Feldern ist diese Geschichte für das Nachleben des deutschen Films der Jahre 1933 bis 1945 bisher nur teilweise bekannt. Wie ist dieses Thema im Laufe der Jahrzehnte diskutiert worden? Wie haben sich zeitgenössische Kontexte wie beispielsweise die deutsche Teilung darauf ausgewirkt, und welche moralischen Kategorien und Maßstäbe waren dabei von Bedeutung? Der geplante Workshop soll primär einer Bestandsaufnahme bisheriger Forschungsergebnisse und der Diskussion zukünftiger Perspektiven dienen.

"NS-Film" soll dabei in einem breiten Sinne verstanden werden und neben dem Umgang mit  den zwischen 1933 und dem Ende des "Dritten Reichs"
entstandenen Filmen selbst auch die Filmbranche insgesamt umfassen. Dies schließt die institutionelle Dimension mit ein, also die Abwicklung und Transformation der Filmproduktion und -distribution, darunter etwa die UFA-Entflechtung und die Versuche von deutscher Seite, diese zu umgehen, sowie die Gründung der Murnau-Stiftung 1966, in deren Filmstock der größte Teil der NS-Filmproduktion einging. Deren Praxis, rund 40 NS-Spielfilme als sogenannte "Vorbehaltsfilme" bis heute vom Vertrieb auszunehmen, führt immer wieder zu Diskussionen. Zwar sind Teile - etwa der UFA-Geschichte - durchaus erforscht, jedoch fehlt bisher eine Zusammenschau der komplexen Interaktion unterschiedlicher alliierter und deutscher Institutionen, die sich dem NS-Filmerbe widmeten. Unklar ist bisher auch, welche Rolle Organisationen wie die Freiwillige Selbstkontrolle (FSK) oder das Bundesinnenministerium bei der Entstehung und Verwaltung der sogenannten Verbotsliste gespielt haben.

Neben der institutionellen ist die personelle Dimension von Interesse.
Jenseits einiger prominenter Fälle wie Veit Harlan, Heinz Rühmann, Hildegard Knef etc. ist über die Brüche und Kontinuitäten von Karriereverläufen oft noch relativ wenig bekannt. Während dies für die Gruppe der Regisseure noch am wenigsten gilt, liegen speziell zur Entnazifizierung von Schauspielern bisher keine systematischen Untersuchungen vor;  jedoch sticht ins Auge,  dass gerade Schauspieler ihre Karrieren nach 1945 offenbar selbst dann häufig relativ bruchlos fortsetzen konnten, wenn sie schon während der NS-Zeit zur Prominenz zählten oder auf Goebbels sogenannter "Gottbegnadeten-Liste" standen. Zu untersuchen sind in diesem Kontext aber auch die bisher nur punktuell bekannten weiteren Karrieren von Kameraleuten, Technikern und Produzenten sowie die wirtschaftlichen Nachkriegsaktivitäten ehemaliger Filmgrößen wie beispielsweise Luis Trenker und Leni Riefenstahl.

Der Umgang mit den Filmen selbst schließlich fand in einem schwierigen Terrain statt, in dem ökonomische Interessen auf politische und moralische Abwägungen stießen. Dies machen die anhaltenden Auseinandersetzungen um die Verbotsliste ebenso deutlich wie die ausufernden zivilrechtlichen Streitigkeiten insbesondere um Verwertungsrechte und Gagen. Selbst im Falle harter Propaganda-Streifen wie JUD SÜß oder DIE ROTHSCHILDS wurde nach dem Krieg zunächst noch hartnäckig versucht, diese international zu vermarkten. Um die öffentliche Freigabe von NS-Filmen wurde nicht selten erbittert gestritten, im Falle von KOLLBERG kam es sogar zu einem durch Begleitforschung evaluierten Versuchsprojekt. Insgesamt lässt sich hier die zunehmende Sensibilisierung der Öffentlichkeit ebenso beobachten, wie veränderte Vorstellungen (linearer) Medienwirkungen.

Großes Interesse besteht an Einreichungen, die das Thema aus erinnerungskultureller Perspektive behandeln und den Gegenstand in Beziehung zum weiteren Kontext des Umgangs mit der NS-Vergangenheit in beiden Teilen Deutschlands setzen. Dabei können neben empirischen auch konzeptionelle Ansätze eingereicht werden. Vorschläge in Form eines Exposés (max. 2 Seiten) sowie eine kurze Skizze zur Biografie (max.
1.500 Zeichen, max. drei Publikationen) in deutscher oder englischer Sprache senden Sie bitte bis zum 18. Dezember 2017 an Christoph Classen
([log in to unmask]) and Bill Niven ([log in to unmask]).
Kosten für die An- und Abreise sowie für die Unterkunft werden übernommen.

-----------------------------------------------
English version:

The Afterlives of National Socialist Film

The issue of how best to deal with the cultural heritage of National Socialism constantly gives rise to controversy. Only recently, the historical-critical edition of Hitler's "Mein Kampf" and the question of whether to renovate Nazi buildings such as the "Haus der Kunst" in Munich and the Reich Party Rally grounds in Nuremberg were the subject of intense debate.
Such discussions about the "appropriate" handling of historical Nazi architecture, art, literature, and films, as well as about the involvement of specific individuals in Nazism are certainly necessary.
However, the tone of indignation and sense of scandal which often accompany these discussions tend to obscure the fact that dealing with this difficult legacy itself has a long history. In contrast to other areas of scholarly investigation, however, little is known about the postwar reception of German film under National Socialism.
How has this topic been addressed over the decades since 1945? How did contemporary contexts, such as the division of Germany and the political self-understanding of the two German states, influence the handling of Nazi-period films (e.g. bans, censorship, decisions to release films for public viewing etc.)? Which moral categories were important here? The planned workshop is primarily intended to provide an overview of existing research results and a platform for the discussion of further research and research projects.

"National Socialist film" is to be understood in a broad sense. In addition to exploring the postwar handling of films produced between
1933 and the end of the "Third Reich", the workshop will look at responses to the Nazi film industry as a whole. This encompasses the institutional dimension such as the decartelization and transformation of the state-owned film industry (Ufi), and German attempts to circumvent this. Another focus in the workshop will be on the founding of the Murnau Foundation in 1966, whose film stock comprises most of the films made in the Third Reich. The Foundation's practice of excluding about 40 Nazi films labelled as "reserve films" ("Vorbehaltsfilme") from general public release is the subject of frequent debate. While some aspects of the "Ufa Story" have been thoroughly researched, what is still missing is a comprehensive analysis of the complex interaction between the various Allied and German institutions responsible for dealing with the legacy of National Socialist films. We need to know more about the role played by such organisations as the Voluntary Self-Regulation of the Film Industry (FSK) or the Federal Ministry of the Interior in the creation and administration of the so-called prohibition list.

In addition to the institutional level, the personal dimension is something we would like to discuss in the workshop. Apart from some prominent cases such as Veit Harlan, Heinz Rühmann, Hildegard Knef, etc., we know little about the breaks and continuities in the careers of actors and particularly directors who featured in and made Third Reich films. To date, there has been no systematic investigation of the denazification of actors or directors (with the exception of Harlan and Riefenstahl). This is surprising, given that many actors who starred in films made during the Nazi era, or who were on Goebbels' so-called "List of the Divinely Gifted" were able to continue their careers seemingly unhindered after 1945. In this context, further investigation is needed into the postwar careers of Third Reich cameramen, film technicians and producers, as well as into the economic postwar activities of movie stars and directors such as e.g. Luis Trenker and Leni Riefenstahl.

Finally, of course, we are interested in the way both Germanies dealt with the films produced during the Third Reich. Reception of these films was strongly shaped by a mixture of political, economic, ethical and pedagogical concerns. This is illustrated by the ongoing arguments over the list of prohibited films, as well as by the often protracted and complicated civil law disputes, especially over questions relating to film rights and fees. Even in the case of notorious propaganda films such as JUD SÜSS or DIE ROTHSCHILDS, after the war there were repeated attempts to sell them to international markets in the 1950s and 1960s.
Efforts to secure the general release of National Socialist films were sometimes accompanied by bitter disputes. In the case of KOLBERG, public showings were organised within the framework of an experimental research project which evaluated public responses. Over time, there is evidence that, not least thanks to a pedagogically sensitive approach to the topic, the general public became aware of the problematic legacy of Third Reich films. Nevertheless, to this day, Third Reich films which arguably transport values associated with the 1933-1945 period are shown on German television or are available for viewing on the internet or DVD without critical commentary.

We particularly welcome papers which approach the topic of the workshop from the perspective of memory culture and theory, and/or consider it in relation to the wider context of dealing with the Nazi past in both parts of Germany. We invited both empirical and conceptual approaches.
Please send proposals in the form of an abstract (max. 1 page) as well as a short author's biography (max. 1,500 characters, citing three
publications) in German or English language to both Christoph Classen
([log in to unmask]) and Bill Niven ([log in to unmask]) by 18 December 2017.

Travel and accommodation costs will be covered.

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