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CRIME AND CRIMINALS: MURDER HOMICIDE :
POLICE BRUTALITY :
COUNTRIES: GREAT BRITAIN:
Hillsborough Stadium Disaster:
Verdict Faults Police for Fans 'Unlawfully Killed'
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Hillsborough Stadium Disaster:
Verdict Faults Police for Fans 'Unlawfully Killed'
By DAN BILEFSKY
APRIL 26, 2016
New York Times
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/27/world/europe/hillsborough-soccer-stadium-disaster.html
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LONDON More than a quarter century ago, 96 Liverpool soccer fans were
crushed and trampled to death at an English soccer match, a tragedy that
convulsed Britain and shocked the world, even as police and safety
officials blamed victims for causing their own deaths.
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On Tuesday, a jury found that the fans who died during the match at
Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, England, had been unlawfully killed and
the victims of what proved to be fatal police mistakes, a verdict that
represented a long-sought victory for family members who had fought for a
full accounting.
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The jury answered yes to the crucial questions of whether there were
errors or omissions by the police in planning and executing security for
the match on April 15, 1989, and it specifically cited the actions of
commanding officers.
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The victims suffocated as they entered an F.A. Cup semifinal between
Liverpool and Nottingham Forest after the police opened an exit gate in an
effort to relieve congestion outside the stadium before the game. In the
chaos that ensued, some victims were crushed against steel fencing. Others
were trampled, and more than 700 people were injured. The victims were
ages 10 to 67 and included 37 teenagers.
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The jury was given 14 yes-or-no questions in deciding how the 96 people
died, and it said no to only one: whether the fans were responsible for
the deaths.
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Together, the findings amounted to an unambiguous rejection of a narrative
pushed for many years by the police and some in the news media that
portrayed the fans as drunk and out of control.
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After the verdict was announced, family members clasped hands outside the
coroners court in Warrington, England, east of Liverpool, and sang the
Rodgers and Hammerstein song Youll Never Walk Alone, the tune that
Liverpool fans belt out at every game. Some held photographs of their dead
relatives. Others sobbed.
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The story of Hillsborough, the statement said, is a story of human
tragedy, but it is also a story of deceit and lies, of institutional
defensiveness defeating truth and justice.
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Senior police and safety officials had initially blamed the victims for
causing their own deaths, which an independent inquiry later called the
most serious tragedy in U.K. sporting history.
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The events on that day changed how the game is watched: Standing-only
sections at stadiums that were vulnerable to overcrowding have been
replaced by seating areas at most venues in Britain, and fences around the
field were removed.
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snip
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David Duckenfield, the South Yorkshire police officer who was in charge of
security for the game, later falsely claimed that spectators had opened
the gate.
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The inquest was not a criminal trial, and it does not confer civil damages
or penalties; rather, it is a finding of fact. After the verdict, however,
the Crown Prosecution Service said it was evaluating whether to press
charges in light of the findings, and legal experts said that such a case
would most likely focus on Mr. Duckenfield.
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snip
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A new inquest into the disaster was ordered after an independent panel
concluded in September 2012 that there had been a vast cover-up in which
senior police officers sought to dissemble blame by making scapegoats of
victims and survivors.
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In December of that year, a high court in London overturned the original
inquest verdicts of accidental death.
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snip
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When the 2012 report was published, Mr. Cameron issued a government
apology to the families of the victims, saying that they had suffered a
double injustice.
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The complete article may be read at the URL above.
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Sincerely,
David Dillard
Temple University
(215) 204 - 4584
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