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SPORTS: MEDICINE :
MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: OBESITY :
MEDICAL: CONDITIONS: ADDICTION :
MEDICAL: RESEARCH:
Is Obesity a Form of Addiction?
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Is Obesity a Form of Addiction?
By Carolyn Y. Johnson
August 15, 2013 2:15 PM
Boston.com
http://www.boston.com/news/science/blogs/science-in-mind/2013/08/15/
obesity-form-addiction/HtKy5TcA0zFOaHAS7EPrtM/blog.html
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/lvy2e7s
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For years, researchers have been probing the possibility that obesity and
addiction overlap, with emerging evidence suggesting that the same reward
circuits in the brain that are activated by drugs also respond to calories.
Obese people, the thinking goes, may overindulge because their brains reward
circuitry, which responds to the pleasure of eating, is out of whack.
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Now, Yale University researchers have found evidence that high-fat foods have
the ability to alter and interfere with the reward circuitry in the brainand
that injecting a particular molecule can restore the normal reward response in
the brain. Administering that molecule can cause mice to find a low-fat meal
satisfying.
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The idea is that if the brain adapts to a drug or calories in such a way that
your reward response is deficient, then these individuals would need to consume
more of the same, said Ivan de Araujo, a professor of psychiatry at Yale
University School of Medicine, who led the study published in the journal
Science. When the reward system is weak, you do more to obtain the same reward.
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In the research published Thursday, researchers wanted to first test how
calories from high-fat food activated reward circuits in the brain, independent
of the pleasure animals experience from tasting and smelling food. They used a
catheter to infuse high- and low-fat foods directly into the animals guts, and
found that the high-fat calories caused deficient responses in the brains
reward circuitry.
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Then, they tried injecting a molecule called oleoylethanolamine into mice, and
found that they could restore normal levels in the brain of the chemical
messenger, dopamine, that signals reward. Mice given the molecule were also
able to find low-fat meals more appetizing.
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Now, they hope to monitor the brain activity of human subjects using imaging
scans, to see if they can detect altered brain activity that can then be
reversed through a similar treatment. They are also interested in studying
whether some of bariatric surgerys positive effects may be explained by
alteration of this brain-gut signaling pathway. They have yet to study whether
other components of diet, such as sugar, act through the same mechanism.
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The complete article may be read at the URL above.
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More on obesity and addiction
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=obesity+
AND+addiction&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C39
OR
http://tinyurl.com/pd38map
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