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MEDICAL :

HEALTH :

DATABASES :

SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS :

LIBRARIES: NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE:

NLM Classification 2014

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NLM Classification 2014

A product of the National Library of Medicine for the arrangement of 
library materials in the field of medicine and related sciences used 
internationally.

Outline of the NLM Classification

Index to the NLM Classification

Table G (geographic notation)

19th Century Schedule

Class Numbers Added and Canceled (Current Edition)

Class Numbers Added (Cumulative List)

Canceled Class Numbers (Cumulative List)



NLM Classification Materials

Download the NLM Classification

NLM Classification Poster



Questions or Comments

[log in to unmask]



About the NLM Classification

About the Index

NLM Classification Practices

Table G Practices

NLM Policy on Subject Analysis and Classification

Fundamentals of the NLM Classification [online training]



Other NLM Resources

NLM Cataloging Section homepage

NLM Catalog or LocatorPlus

MeSH Browser

Introduction to MeSH

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About the NLM Classification

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/class/nlmclassintro.html

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Scope of Revision
Historical Development
Structure of the NLM Classification
Relationship to MeSH
Index

Scope of Revision

This edition incorporates all 2014 additions and changes to the schedules 
(see Class Numbers Added and Canceled) and to the index, which has been 
newly edited and updated with appropriate MeSH concepts. One hundred and 
five (105) new index entries were created of which forty-two (42) are from 
the 2014 MeSH; the remainder are MeSH terms from previous years. Numerous 
main index entries and cross references were modified to reflect changes 
in the MeSH vocabulary. Thirty-nine (39) index entries were deleted.

Although the broad nature of the NLM Classification schedules precludes 
complete correspondence with MeSH, new class numbers were added and 
existing class numbers were canceled as needed to reflect other changes in 
MeSH and the biomedical and related sciences literature cataloged.

The QS (Human Anatomy) and QT (Physiology) schedules were the major area 
of focus for the 2014 edition.

Two (2) QT schedule outline headers were changed:

QT 180-245 Physiology. Hygiene was changed to QT 180-245 Hygiene.
QT 250-275 Leisure Activities. Sports Medicine was changed to QT 250-275 
Leisure Activities. Sports. Sports Medicine.
Some QS and QT class number captions and notes were revised to better 
reflect the scope of the number. For example:

At QS 26.5, the note was added: Classify here works on Visible Human 
Projects.
At QS 504, the note was added: Includes works on comparative histology 
between humans and animals.
At QS 645, the caption was changed from Placentation. Fetal membranes to 
Placentation. Extraembryonic membranes
At QT 4, the caption was changed from General works, including comparative 
physiology to General works. The note was changed from Classify material 
on comparative physiology limited to animals in QP to Includes works on 
comparative physiology between humans and animals. Classify material on 
human physiology only in QT 104. Classify animal physiology in QP, QL, or 
SF.
At QT 34, the caption was changed from Biophysics to Biophysical 
phenomena.
At QT 36, the caption was changed from Biomedical engineering to 
Bioengineering. Biomedical engineering (General).
At QT 36.5, the caption was changed from Nanotechnology to 
Microtechnology. Nanotechnology.
At QT 150, the caption was changed from Hot climates to Hot temperature.
At QT 250, the caption was changed from Recreation. Outdoor activities to 
Leisure activities.
Changes were made to other class schedules. For example:

At WA 260, the note was added: Classify works on protective devices in 
sports and leisure activities in QT 250-261.
At WB 480, the caption was changed from Ultraviolet therapy. Sunlight. 
Light therapy to Ultraviolet therapy. Heliotherapy. Light therapy.
At WD 610, the caption was changed from Hot Temperature to Heat stress 
disorders.
At WN 600, the note was added: Classify works on the effects of 
non-ionizing radiation on humans in QT 162.U4.
Changes were made to Table G (Geographic Notations).

Four (4) Table G numbers were added:
DB9--British Virgin Islands
DC25--Caribbean Netherlands
DC95--Curao
DS5--Sint Maarten
Three (3) cross references were added:
Saba see Caribbean Netherlands
St. Eustatius see Caribbean Netherlands
Virgin Islands of the United States see United States Virgin Islands
One Table G number caption was modified:
DV5--Virgin Islands of the United States was changed to United States 
Virgin Islands
Two (2) Table G numbers were relocated:
DN4--Netherlands Antilles was moved to the Historical Geographic Locations 
section
JI5Indochina was moved to the Obsolete Table G Notations section

Historical Development

The genesis of the NLM Classification is a Survey Report on the Army 
Medical Library, published in 1944, which recommended that the "Library be 
reclassified according to a modern scheme," and that the new scheme be a 
mixed notation (letters and numbers) resembling that of the Library of 
Congress. Subsequently a classification committee was formed, chaired by 
Keyes D. Metcalf and including Mary Louise Marshall who compiled the 
schedules. Medical specialists acted as consultants to the committee. 
Based on the consultants' advice, that of the committee and of the NLM 
cataloging staff, Ms. Marshall produced a preliminary edition of the 
Library's Classification, which was issued in 1948.

The preliminary edition was revised by Frank B. Rogers and the first 
edition of the new classification was published in 1951 as the U.S. Army 
Medical Library Classification. It firmly established the current 
structure of the classification and NLM's classification practices. The 
headings for the individual schedules were given in brief form (e.g., WE - 
Musculoskeletal System; WG - Cardiovascular System) and together they 
provided an outline of the subjects that constitute the National Library 
of Medicine Classification . These headings were interpreted broadly as 
including the physiological system, the specialty or specialties connected 
with them, the regions of the body chiefly concerned and subordinate 
related fields. Within each schedule, division by organ usually has 
priority. All schedules, including some of their sections, are preceded by 
a group of form numbers representing publication types. These numbers, 
ranging generally from 1-39, are employed as mnemonic devices throughout 
the Classification.

Beginning with the 2002 edition, the National Library of Medicine 
Classification is published in electronic form and updated annually:

The online environment offers many advantages to users including 
hyperlinks between class numbers in the index and the schedules, and 
between terms within the index and direct links from these to the MeSH 
record itself under the MeSH Browser.

The online data creation and maintenance system of the Classification 
gives NLM the ability to update the classification annually in tandem with 
MeSH. Publication of printed editions ceased with the 5th revised edition, 
1999. Beginning with the 2006 edition, the NLM Classification is also 
available in PDF (Portable Document Format) at 
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/class/terms_cond.html.

Structure of the NLM Classification

The National Library of Medicine Classification covers the field of 
medicine and related sciences, utilizing schedules QS-QZ and W-WZ, 
permanently excluded from the Library of Congress (LC) Classification 
schedules. The various schedules of the LC Classification supplement the 
NLM Classification for subjects bordering on medicine and for general 
reference materials. The LC schedules for Human Anatomy (QM), Microbiology 
(QR) and Medicine (R) are not used at all by the National Library of 
Medicine since they overlap the NLM Classification.

Relationship to MeSH

The schedules, with their special requirements for use with all types and 
forms of materials, preclude strict adherence to the hierarchical 
arrangement of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), the Library's 
thesaurus for indexing and cataloging. The schedules maintain their own 
character in order to provide for material, old as well as new, acquired 
for the Collection, including dictionaries, atlases, directories and other 
items, which are not suitable for the arrangements, found in MeSH. 
However, an effort was made to make schedule headings, subheadings and 
class number captions compatible with MeSH terminology. The MeSH Tree 
Structures were used extensively to determine the proper placement of a 
concept in a schedule and to relate index headings to one another. Since 
the representation of subjects in the schedules of the NLM Classification 
is intentionally broad, the captions do not enumerate all of the 
subordinate concepts that are to be classified in a given number. MeSH 
descriptors for these subordinate concepts do appear in the index, to the 
extent practical with appropriate references to the classification 
numbers.

Index

The Index to the NLM Classification consists primarily of Medical Subject 
Heading (MeSH) concepts used in cataloging. It includes concepts first 
appearing in the latest edition of MeSH and other older concepts as 
warranted by the literature cataloged. It also provides access to 
classification numbers through these MeSH concepts. Index entries are 
updated annually to reflect additions and changes of the latest edition of 
MeSH. For additional information on the Index see About the Index.


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Outline of the NLM Classification

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/class/OutlineofNLMClassificationSchedule.html

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Preclinical Sciences:

QS Human Anatomy
QT Physiology
QU Biochemistry. Cell Biology and Genetics
QV Pharmacology
QW Microbiology and Immunology
QX Parasitology
QY Clinical Pathology
QZ Pathology

Medicine and Related Subjects:

W General Medicine. Health Professions
WA Public Health
WB Practice of Medicine
WC Communicable Diseases
WD Disorders of Systemic, Metabolic or Environmental Origin, etc.
WE Musculoskeletal System
WF Respiratory System
WG Cardiovascular System
WH Hemic and Lymphatic Systems
WI Digestive System
WJ Urogenital System
WK Endocrine System
WL Nervous System
WM Psychiatry
WN Radiology. Diagnostic Imaging
WO Surgery
WP Gynecology
WQ Obstetrics
WR Dermatology
WS Pediatrics
WT Geriatrics. Chronic Disease
WU Dentistry. Oral Surgery
WV Otolaryngology
WW Ophthalmology
WX Hospitals and Other Health Facilities
WY Nursing
WZ History of Medicine. Medical Miscellany
19th Century Schedule

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Index to NLM 2014 Classification

http://wwwsvlt.nlm.nih.gov/class/docs/index_18.html

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MESH Browser

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html

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MESH Home

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html

MeSH Browser
  Online searching of MeSH vocabulary
  About the MeSH Browser
  Suggestions for authors' keywords


All About MeSH
  MeSH Fact Sheet
  Publications and presentations by MeSH staff
  Introduction to MeSH
  Information from Previous Years


Obtaining MeSH
  Download electronic copies.
  Lists of Annual Changes to MeSH.


MeSH Vocabulary Suggestions
  MeSH vocabulary suggestions

What's New

  2014 MeSH Files Available

Related Efforts
  Unified Medical Language System (UMLS)
  NLM Classification
  RxNorm
  DailyMed

MeSH
Staff

  Biographies and email
  Publications and presentations


Files Available to Download

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/filelist.html

Download of any of the full data files requires the completion of an 
online Memorandum of Understanding.

2014 MeSH
These formatted versions of the entire MeSH vocabulary are available to 
download. For best results in downloading, use of a graphical interface is 
recommended.
2014 MeSH in XML format. MeSH descriptors and qualifiers, and 
Supplementary Concept Records (formerly Supplementary Chemical Records) in 
XML format. Files are updated weekly. Supplementary records are compatible 
with 2014 MeSH descriptors. Descriptor file is 292MB in size, 
uncompressed. Compressed file is 15MB.
Sample XML
XML Data Elements
DTD files
Descriptor DTD
Qualifier DTD
SCR DTD
About XML MeSH
Conversion Table
Conversion from ASCII MeSH format to XML
Introduction to XML MeSH
2014 MeSH in ASCII format. MeSH descriptors and qualifiers, and 
Supplementary Concept Records (formerly Supplementary Chemical Records), 
in ASCII format. Files are updated weekly. The descriptor file is 28MB in 
size and may take more than 30 minutes to download using a connection 2400 
bps or slower. Postings data in descriptor and qualifier records reflect 
updates in citation files through the October, 2000 entry month.
Note that subfield separator for descriptor entry terms has been changed 
from a colon to a bar (|) in order to make it easier to parse terms 
containing colons.
Sample Text
About ASCII MeSH
2014 MeSH Trees. MeSH main headings with the tree numbers that place the 
heading in a hierarchical arrangement. Sorted by tree number. ASCII 
format. [2.1MB]
Sample Text
About MeSH Trees
2014 MeSH in MARC format. MeSH vocabulary data in the USMARC authority 
format.
These files are also available for 2014 MeSH:
Pharmacologic Actions - 2014.
Substances with a given Pharmacologic Action - 2014
Sample XML, DTD
About Pharmacologic Action files
New Headings with Scope Notes - 2014. Main headings that are new for 2014 
with scope notes (definitions), cross-references, and other information.
MeSH Replaced Headings - 2014. Main headings that have changed form for 
2014 or have been deleted.
2014 Descriptors - preferred term only
MeSH MN (tree number) Changes - 2014. Main headings in which there has 
been a change in the MN (MeSH tree Number) for 2014.
2013 MeSH in XML format. MeSH descriptors and qualifiers, and 
Supplementary Concept Records (formerly Supplementary Chemical Records) in 
XML format. Files are updated weekly. Supplementary records are compatible 
with 2013 MeSH descriptors. Descriptor file is 292MB in size, 
uncompressed. Compressed file is 15MB.
Sample XML
XML Data Elements
DTD files
Descriptor DTD
Qualifier DTD
SCR DTD
About XML MeSH
Conversion Table
Conversion from ASCII MeSH format to XML
Introduction to XML MeSH
2013 MeSH in ASCII format. MeSH descriptors and qualifiers, and 
Supplementary Concept Records (formerly Supplementary Chemical Records), 
in ASCII format. Files are updated weekly. The descriptor file is 28MB in 
size and may take more than 30 minutes to download using a connection 2400 
bps or slower. Postings data in descriptor and qualifier records reflect 
updates in citation files through the October, 2000 entry month.
Note that subfield separator for descriptor entry terms has been changed 
from a colon to a bar (|) in order to make it easier to parse terms 
containing colons.
Sample Text
About ASCII MeSH
2013 MeSH Trees. MeSH main headings with the tree numbers that place the 
heading in a hierarchical arrangement. Sorted by tree number. ASCII 
format. [2.1MB]
Sample Text
About MeSH Trees
2013 MeSH in MARC format. MeSH vocabulary data in the USMARC authority 
format.
This file is also available for 2013 MeSH:
Substances with a given Pharmacologic Action - 2013.
2012 MeSH
2012 MeSH in MARC format. MeSH vocabulary data in the USMARC authority 
format.
2004 MeSH
2004 MeSH files for TREC (Text REtrieval Conference) Genomics track. For 
use by the TREC community with the 2004 MEDLINE/PubMed Baseline.
MeSH ELHILL Format Document (PDF format): This is a description of the 
MeSH data elements in the ELHILL Unit Record Format (EURF), NLM's former 
format for distributing MeSH on tape. Most elements are common to both the 
ASCII and EURF MeSH formats and so the description of MeSH data in the EUR 
format may be of interest to those downloading the ASCII MeSH files from 
the Web.

For questions concerning distribution, format, etc., contact:
Jacque-Lynne Schulman
Medical Subject Headings
Telephone: 301-496-1495; FAX: 301-402-2002
email: [log in to unmask]

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Temple University
(215) 204 - 4584
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