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The More You Love Quinoa, The More You Hate Bolivians
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The More You Love Quinoa, The More You Hate Bolivians
by Judy Molland
January 18, 2013 7:00 am
Care2
http://www.care2.com/causes/
huge-quinoa-sales-bring-poverty-to-peru-bolivia.html
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/bfjk8jn
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Quinoa, once familiar only to hard-core vegans, has become so popular that
the United Nations has made 2013 The Year of Quinoa.
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Pronounced keen-wa, quinoa has an ancient origin, in the Andes Mountains
of South America, where it was one of the three staple foods of the Inca
civilization, along with corn and potatoes. The Incas called it the mother
grain, and today the quinoa seed is considered a super-food, valued for
its high protein content, fiber, essential amino acids and overall great
nutritional value.
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snip
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For all these reasons, sales of quinoa have exploded, and this increased
demand means that the basic price of this seed has tripled since 2006,
while the more unusual black, red and royal types come at an even greater
cost.
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But theres a dark side to this popularity. From The Guardian:
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There is an unpalatable truth to face for those of us with a bag of quinoa
in the larder. The appetite of countries such as ours for this grain has
pushed up prices to such an extent that poorer people in Peru and Bolivia,
for whom it was once a nourishing staple food, can no longer afford to eat
it. Imported junk food is cheaper. In Lima, quinoa now costs more than
chicken. Outside the cities, and fuelled by overseas demand, the pressure
is on to turn land that once produced a portfolio of diverse crops into
quinoa monoculture.
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The idea that its cheaper to buy imported junk food in Bolivia and Peru
than to purchase a pound of healthy quinoa is a frightening one. In the
U.S., there are numerous studies showing how eating junk food contributes
to our soaring obesity rates. And as American junk food spreads to other
countries, with McDonalds, Burger King and Pizza Hut, among others,
opening up franchises in Vietnam, China and Japan, so the obesity rates
start growing there too.
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Can vegans stomach the unpalatable truth about quinoa?
Ethical consumers should be aware poor Bolivians can no longer afford
their staple grain, due to western demand raising prices
Joanna Blythman
Guardian.co.uk
Wednesday 16 January 2013 05.14 EST
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/jan/16/
vegans-stomach-unpalatable-truth-quinoa
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/ao67xzz
This article also appeared in Business Insider
http://www.businessinsider.com/western-quinoa-
demand-raises-prices-in-bolivia-2013-1
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/b96dnsp
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Not long ago, quinoa was just an obscure Peruvian grain you could only buy
in wholefood shops. We struggled to pronounce it (it's keen-wa, not
qui-no-a), yet it was feted by food lovers as a novel addition to the
familiar ranks of couscous and rice. Dieticians clucked over quinoa
approvingly because it ticked the low-fat box and fitted in with
government healthy eating advice to "base your meals on starchy foods".
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Adventurous eaters liked its slightly bitter taste and the little white
curls that formed around the grains. Vegans embraced quinoa as a credibly
nutritious substitute for meat. Unusual among grains, quinoa has a high
protein content (between 14%-18%), and it contains all those pesky, yet
essential, amino acids needed for good health that can prove so elusive to
vegetarians who prefer not to pop food supplements.
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Sales took off. Quinoa was, in marketing speak, the "miracle grain of the
Andes", a healthy, right-on, ethical addition to the meat avoider's larder
(no dead animals, just a crop that doesn't feel pain). Consequently, the
price shot up it has tripled since 2006 with more rarified black, red
and "royal" types commanding particularly handsome premiums.
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In fact, the quinoa trade is yet another troubling example of a damaging
north-south exchange, with well-intentioned health and ethics-led
consumers here unwittingly driving poverty there. It's beginning to look
like a cautionary tale of how a focus on exporting premium foods can
damage the producer country's food security. Feeding our apparently
insatiable 365-day-a-year hunger for this luxury vegetable, Peru has also
cornered the world market in asparagus. Result? In the arid Ica region
where Peruvian asparagus production is concentrated, this thirsty export
vegetable has depleted the water resources on which local people depend.
NGOs report that asparagus labourers toil in sub-standard conditions and
cannot afford to feed their children while fat cat exporters and foreign
supermarkets cream off the profits. That's the pedigree of all those
bunches of pricy spears on supermarket shelves.
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Soya, a foodstuff beloved of the vegan lobby as an alternative to dairy
products, is another problematic import, one that drives environmental
destruction [see footnote]. Embarrassingly, for those who portray it as a
progressive alternative to planet-destroying meat, soya production is now
one of the two main causes of deforestation in South America, along with
cattle ranching, where vast expanses of forest and grassland have been
felled to make way for huge plantations.
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Killer quinoa? Time to debunk these urban food myths
DOUG SAUNDERS
The Globe and Mail
Published Saturday, Jan. 19 2013, 6:00 AM EST
Last updated Saturday, Jan. 19 2013, 10:18 AM EST
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/
killer-quinoa-time-to-debunk-these-urban-food-myths/article7536845/
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/aw2uxqf
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The people of the Altiplano are indeed among the poorest in the Americas.
But their economy is almost entirely agrarian. They are sellers farmers
or farm workers seeking the highest price and wage. The quinoa price rise
is the greatest thing that has happened to them. And it is a deliberate
strategy: Quinoa had all but died out as a staple in Bolivia, replaced by
beans and potatoes, until farmers began planting it in the 1980s with
exports to North America in mind.
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Starting in 1987, they tapped an export crop that raised living standards,
lowered poverty and allowed farmers to move away from the regions other
profitable export crop, cocaine.
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Quinoa fetches a guaranteed high price affording farmers economic
stability, Emma Banks of the Andean Information Network observes. This has
given the Andean farmers formerly one of the most exploited groups in
Latin America new political power, allowing them to win land rights and
ecological protection. So when one ecological blog argues that quinoas
increase in popularity could have negative long-term effects for the
farmers that grow it, what could it mean?
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There is the second fallacy: That people are better off consuming food
grown near them. The locavore ideology holds that Montrealers should eat
Quebec potatoes and people in La Paz should consume quinoa and that if
they dont, because their success has made it expensive, they should be
forced to eat some other local crop.
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But why wouldnt they use the rising incomes to purchase imported beans,
rice, cheese and chicken? In fact, this is exactly what they do. Food is
expensive everywhere this year; Peruvians and Bolivians are economizing.
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Imported food is often nutritionally better, more affordable, better for
the economic development of its producing regions, and less ecologically
damaging (because growing in cold countries requires carbon-heavy storage
and heating). Peruvians and Bolivians were not better off in the days when
they were consuming their own produce in fact, the Andes region had
alarmingly high rates of stunted growth among children, a key indicator of
undernourishment. Food protectionism was bad for the poor. So why would we
relegate them to a life that was hurting them and that they didnt enjoy?
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Quinoa boom offers hard lesson in food economics
Superfood from the Andes is so popular that the farmers can't afford it
By Pete Evans,
CBC News
Posted: Jan 18, 2013 7:22 AM ET
Last Updated: January 18, 2013 2:52 PM ET
http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/story/
2013/01/17/business-quinoa-prices.html
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/alduc5o
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It's so nutritious, NASA makes sure it's a staple of the diet they feed to
astronauts. The president of the country that makes more of it than
anywhere else on earth calls it a "strategic asset." And the UN has named
2013 "the year of quinoa."
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The world's love affair with the Andean superfood prized for being
high-protein, low-fat and gluten-free is well underway. But the sudden
boom is playing havoc with prices and making it inaccessible for the
subsistence farmers who have harvested the so-called miracle food for
millennia.
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This week, British newspaper the Guardian wrote earnestly about the uglier
side of the quinoa boom. The sudden surge in popularity has caused retail
prices for some quinoa varieties to jump more than 600 per cent since
2000, and more than triple since 2007.
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Vegans and environmentalists adore the humble chenopod for its health
properties (its closely related to other trendy foods such as spinach,
kale and beets) and for its ability to withstand frost, temperature
changes and high altitudes.
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Superfood?
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In a few short decades, quinoa has grown from a local food integral to
indigenous people spread across Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador, into a
burgeoning global food commodity.
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Global production has jumped from under 20,000 tonnes a year in the 1980s
up to nearly 100,000 tonnes annually. The three aforementioned countries
still make up almost 90 per cent of global production although there have
been successful attempts to grow quinoa in the U.S., Canada and parts of
Europe.
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Yet even as supply has grown, demand has expanded even further. The
wholesale price for the most prized quinoa varieties ofte
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Quinoa in Google News Archive
https://www.google.com/search?gl=us&pz=1&cf=all&ned=us&hl=
en&tbm=nws&as_q=quinoa&as_occt=any&as_drrb=a&tbs=ar%3A1&authuser=0
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A shorter URL for the above link:
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http://tinyurl.com/aopwt5m
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Quinoa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinoa
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Quinoa (pron.: /'ki?nw??/ or /k?'no?.?/, Spanish: quinua, from Quechua:
kinwa), a species of goosefoot (Chenopodium), is a grain-like crop grown
primarily for its edible seeds. It is a pseudocereal rather than a true
cereal, or grain, as it is not a member of the true grass family. As a
chenopod, quinoa is closely related to species such as beets, spinach and
tumbleweeds.
Contents
1 Overview
2 Natural distribution
3 History and culture
4 Biology
5 Cultivation
5.1 Climate requirements
5.2 Soil requirements
6 Agronomy
6.1 Sowing
6.2 Cultivation management
6.3 Harvesting and handling
7 Global Consumption
7.1 Rising Popularity and Crop Value
7.2 Social Impact
8 Nutritional value
9 Saponin content
10 Preparation
11 Spelling, pronunciation, and variant names
12 See also
13 References
14 Further reading
15 External links
Overview
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A 500g bag of quinoa sold in Portugal
Quinoa (the name is derived from the Spanish spelling of the Quechua name
kinwa or occasionally "Qin-wah") originated in the Andean region of
Ecuador, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru, where it was successfully
domesticated 3,000 to 4,000 years ago for human consumption, though
archeological evidence shows a non-domesticated association with pastoral
herding some 5,200 to 7,000 years ago.[1]
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Similar Chenopodium species, such as pitseed goosefoot (Chenopodium
berlandieri) and fat hen (Chenopodium album), were grown and domesticated
in North America as part of the Eastern Agricultural Complex before maize
agriculture became popular.[2] Fat hen, which has a widespread
distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, produces edible seeds and greens
much like quinoa, but in smaller quantities.
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The nutrient composition is very good compared with common cereals. Quinoa
seeds contain essential amino acids like lysine and good quantities of
calcium, phosphorus, and iron.[3]
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After harvest, the seeds need to be processed to remove the coating
containing the bitter-tasting saponins. Quinoa seeds are in general cooked
the same way as rice and can be used in a wide range of dishes. Quinoa
leaves are also eaten as a leaf vegetable, much like amaranth, but the
commercial availability of quinoa greens is limited.
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Quinoa in Google Blog Search
http://www.google.com/search?tbm=blg&hl=en&source=hp&biw=1920&bih=
861&q=quinoa&gbv=2&oq=quinoa&gs_l=blog-hp.12..0l10.2067.2067.0.
4287.1.1.0.0.0.0.158.158.0j1.1.0...0.0...1ac.2.TsnYzy6auFQ
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http://tinyurl.com/adugvkr
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Quinoa in Google Scholar
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Quinoa in Google Books
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Quinoa in Google Videos
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1920&bih=861&q=quinoa&gbv=2&oq=quinoa&gs_l=
video-hp.12..0l10.3359.3359.0.5641.1.1.0.0.0.0.189.189.
0j1.1.0...0.0...1ac.2.GzqNOaO_8H0
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http://tinyurl.com/bbeylqv
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Quinoa in Google Images
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Quinoa in Scirus
http://www.scirus.com/srsapp/search?q=quinoa&t=all&sort=0&g=s
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Temple Summon Search
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